Zika amawopsya, koma amawayerekezera ndi matenda ena.
Zika si nthabwala. Zogwirizana ndi zilema zobereka monga microcephaly ndi zokwanira kuti aliyense apume-makamaka amayi apakati. Ndipo popanda chithandizo chamankhwala ndipo palibe katemera omwe alipo, mwachibadwa kuti oyendayenda aganizire zolinga za tchuthi kupita kumadera owopsa monga Caribbean ndi mbali zina za Miami.
Uthenga wabwino? M'malo mwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, Zika ndi wofatsa. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi Zika alibe zizindikilo konse, ndipo omwe amachititsa kuti azivutika kwambiri ndi malungo, zovuta kapena zowawa. Zowonjezerapo, kamodzi kachilomboka, kufufuza kukuwonetsani kuti simungaupeze kachiwiri.
Nkhani yoipa: Matenda ambiri okalamba komanso ochepa omwe amadziwika bwino amachititsa kuti anthu aziyenda bwino (kuganiza: kutuluka m'maso mwako, kukupupumulira pakamwa). Apa ndi momwe mungadzitetezere ku tchuthi lanu lotsatira.
01 a 07
Chiwindi cha Dengue
Ming'onoting'ono omwe amachititsa kachilombo ka Zika kutulutsa malungo a dengue. Ambiri omwe amadziwika kuti "breakbone fever," dengue ingayambitse zizindikiro zina zabwino kwambiri za kupweteka kwa minofu ndi mapiritsi, kutentha kwa malungo, ndi kunyoza. Chifukwa cha nthenda yosayembekezereka, matendawa akhoza kuwonjezeka mu Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, yomwe ingayambitse magazi kuti asungunuke m'maso mwanu.
Chomwe chimapangitsa dengue kuopseza, komabe, sikuti imangopangitsa zizindikiro zovuta. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa matenda otentha kwambiri otentha padziko lapansi.
Kugwiritsira ntchito mawu oti "otentha" kungakhale kochepa kwambiri. Milandu ya dengue imangokhala yokwanira pang'ono kuposa mayiko ochepa ozungulira equator. Tsopano, kachilombo kamapezeka m'mayiko oposa 100 kuzungulira dziko lapansi, ndipo milandu imalembedwa ngakhale ku France, Croatia, ndi Hawaii. Pafupifupi theka la anthu padziko lonse lapansi ali pachiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka, ndipo mamiliyoni ambiri amatha kutenga kachilomboka chaka chilichonse.
Pakalipano, palibe chithandizo cha dengue, ndipo palibe katemera omwe akupezeka ku America. Koma mungathe kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha dengue mwa kuvala mathalauza ndi manja komanso kuteteza tizilombo kuti tipewe udzudzu, makamaka masana.
02 a 07
Amayi
Matenda pang'ono ndi oopsa-kapena amafa-monga matenda a chiwewe.
Mafilimu a Hollywood omwe amakhala ndi kachilombo kawirikawiri amakhala ndi agalu okhwima omwe amalumphira pakamwa. Kwa anthu, matendawa amatha kuwoneka mosiyana kwambiri. Zotsatira zake ndi zizindikiro za matenda a chiwewe chosiyana, malinga ndi momwe munthuyo watengera kachilombo ka HIV kamene kamayambitsa matenda oopsa mwa anthu ena ndi ziwalo mwa ena-koma chizindikiro chodziwika ndi hydrophobia kapena mantha a madzi. Ndipo mosasamala kanthu za zizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka, zotsatira zake zomaliza zimakhala zowawa nthawi zonse.
Ndilo matenda owopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi ponena za kupulumuka, chifukwa chake ngati muli ndi mwayi wokhalapo, chithandizo chamankhwala n'chofunika kwambiri. Nthawi zina munthu akhoza kutenga kachilombo kwa miyezi kapena chaka chisanachitike zizindikiro, ndipo panopa palibe njira yodziwira ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwewe mpaka zizindikiro zimayamba. Panthawiyo, komabe, mwina ndichedwa kwambiri. Ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe adadziŵika kuti adzapulumuka chiwembu pambuyo poti zizindikirozo zikuonekera.
Mayi amapezeka m'mayiko onse kupatulapo Antarctica, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amapezeka ku Africa ndi Asia, ndipo amatha kufalikira kupyolera mu ntchentche. Ngati mukudziwa kuti mutenga nthawi yochuluka panja kapena kumidzi komwe kumakhala ziwembu, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu za katemera. Kupewa katemera sikudziteteza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
03 a 07
Gonorrhea Yotsutsa Maantibayotiki
Kodi ndi liti pamene matenda omwe ali ndi dzina lotchedwa "Kukwapula" amakhala ovuta kuposa Zika? Iyo imasinthika kukana mitundu yonse ya chithandizo.
Gonorrhea ankakhala ochiritsidwa kwambiri. Koma m'zaka zaposachedwapa, mabakiteriya opatsirana pogonana atsutsana ndi mitundu yonse ya antibayotiki, ndipo malipoti akuyamba kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi - Northern Europe, China, Japan, Australia - zomwe zikutsutsana ndi chitetezo chathu chotsirizira .
Anthu ambiri (kuphatikizapo amayi ambiri) omwe ali ndi matendawa samakhala ndi zizindikiro, choncho sazindikira kuti ali ndi kachilomboka. Anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto osasangalatsa a NSFW zosiyanasiyana. Koma popanda mankhwala ogwira mtima, gonorrhea ikhoza kutsitsa kuvutika kwa nthawi yaitali komanso ngakhale kusabereka kwa amuna ndi akazi. Zitha kuonjezeranso mwayi wanu wofalitsa HIV.
Chifukwa cha chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda oteteza maantibayotiki, kupewa ndi kofunika. M'malo mwa kudziletsa kwathunthu, njira yabwino yopezera mabakiteriya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makondomu nthawi zonse zogonana, kuphatikizapo kugonana kwa m'kamwa.
04 a 07
Meningococcal Meningitis
Tangoganizani kukhala wathanzi lero, ndipo patapita masiku awiri mukulimbana ndi moyo wanu ndi kutaya zala zanu ndi zala zazing'ono. Izi zingachitike ndi meningococcal meningitis.
Matendawa ndi chifukwa cha matenda a meningococcal omwe amachititsa chitetezo chanu kuzungulira ubongo wanu ndi msana wamtundu (wotchedwa meninges) kuti uvutsidwe. Zotsatira zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zothamanga, zovulaza komanso - 5 mpaka 10 peresenti ya anthu - amafa, ngakhale ndi mankhwala ofulumira. Omwe amapulumuka nthawi zambiri amasiyidwa ndi manja opundula, kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kapena kulemala.
Mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse matendawa amafalitsidwa kuchokera kwa munthu pambuyo pa nthawi yaitali, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito kupsompsona, kutsokomola ndi kupopera. Osati aliyense yemwe ali ndi kachilombo amadwala, kotero anthu akhoza kuwonekera kwa mabakiteriya popanda ngakhale kuzindikira. Ndipotu bungwe la World Health Organization linanena kuti nthawi iliyonse 10 mpaka 20 peresenti ya anthu onse amabereka mabakiteriya.
Mitengo yapamwamba imakhala ku "malamba a meningitis" a ku Afrika, omwe amachokera ku Senegal kupita ku Ethiopia, koma matenda amatha kuchitika padziko lonse, kuphatikizapo US
Katemera alipo kuti athandize kupewa meningococcal matenda. Katemera akulimbikitsidwa kwa oyenda kupita ku "belinga la meningitis" m'nyengo youma (December mpaka June) ndipo akufunikiradi kwa iwo omwe amapita ku Makka pa maulendo apachaka. Ngakhale mutapatsidwa katemera m'mbuyomo, mlingo wothandizira ukhoza kukhala wofunikira. Ngati simukudziwa ngati mukufuna kapena ayi, funsani dokotala wanu.
05 a 07
Myiasis
Ngati ziphuphu zimanyengerera maloto a anthu oyenda padziko lonse lapansi, ndiye kuti myiasis ndizoopsa. Malingaliro apadera, myiasis ndi pamene anthu amadwala ndi mphutsi yothamanga-ndiyo mphutsi.
Ntchentche mazira kapena mphutsi (nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku ntchentche) alowetsani khungu pakadutsa mabala otseguka kapena kulumidwa kwa udzudzu kapena kuthamangira khungu. Iwo amakhala mmenemo, akukula pansi pa khungu, akuyambitsa ziphuphu zomwe nthawi zina zimayenda kapena kuzungulira pamaso panu. Nthaŵi zambiri, mphutsi ziyenera kuchotsedwa opaleshoni.
Muli pachiopsezo chotenga myiasis ngati muli ndi mabala otseguka kapena kumwa madzi osatulutsidwa, makamaka m'madera otentha komanso otentha ku Latin America, Africa, ndi Caribbean. Pewani kampani yomwe simukukondwera nayo pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tipewe kuyamwa kuchokera ku ntchentche, udzudzu, ndi nkhupakupa; kumwa mowa madzi oyenera okha, ndi kugwedeza zovala ngati atapachikidwa kunja.
06 cha 07
Chiwindi cha Mkuntho
Omwe amayendayenda nthawi zambiri samakhala alendo kuti adziwe mimbulu, koma typhoid fever ndi yonyansa kwambiri. Zikuoneka kuti anthu mamiliyoni 22 amachititsa typhoid chaka chilichonse - nthawi zambiri m'mayiko osauka ku Africa, Eastern Europe, Asia ndi Latin America - ndipo matendawa ndi omwe amachititsa anthu oposa 200,000 padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuphatikiza pa ululu wa m'mimba komanso kusowa kwa njala, chimfine cha typhoid chimayambitsa kudzimbidwa kapena kutsekula m'mimba, kutentha thupi, kupweteka mutu kapena kufooka. Nthawi zambiri, zimatha kuyambitsa magazi.
Mwamwayi, mabakiteriya amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino ndi madzi ndi maantibayoti-pakadali pano. Monga mphutsi, pali umboni wakuti typhoid ikupitirirabe kugonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito kale.
Mofanana ndi matenda ambiri omwe amakhudza matenda, chimfine chimadwalitsidwa kudzera mu zakudya kapena madzi owonongeka, motero madzi otetezeka ndi chitetezo chotsata zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Palinso katemera omwe amapezeka pafupifupi 50 mpaka 80 peresenti.
07 a 07
Influenza
Khulupirirani kapena ayi, chimfine (chomwe chimadziwika kuti chimfine) si chibwibwi choipa kapena m'mimba. Ndi matenda opuma opuma omwe, monga Zika, angayambitse mavuto aakulu pamene ali ndi mimba. Chiwombankhanso chikuwoneka kuti chikupha, ndikupha anthu pafupifupi 250,000 mpaka 500,000 pachaka-kuphatikizapo anthu 3,000 ndi 49,000 ku US okha.
Mamilioni ambiri amamva zizindikiro zosautsa, kuphatikizapo thupi lakuda, kutopa, kutentha thupi, kukakokera, kukupweteka komanso kupweteka. Nthawi zina, izi zimayambitsa mavuto monga chibayo.
Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana amapezeka m'mayiko ena, omwe angathandize kuchepetsa kuopsa kwake kwa matendawa ngati ataperekedwa zizindikiro zowonongeka. Apo ayi, pali zochepa zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chimfine, kupatula kuteteza malungo pansi ndi acetaminophen (Tylenol).
Kukula kwanu kumayambira panthawi yoyendayenda chifukwa cha ziwerengero zosavuta: mumapezeka anthu ochuluka kwambiri, nthawi zambiri kumalo osungira, monga mabasi, ndege kapena sitima zapamadzi. Nthawi ya mvula imapezeka nthawi yachisanu-October mpaka April mu Northern Hemisphere ndi April mpaka September ku Southern Africa-koma inu mukhoza kupeza chimfine paliponse chaka chonse, makamaka m'madera otentha.
Njira yabwino yopezera chiwindi ndi kutenga katemera, makamaka ngati mukuyembekeza kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi makamu ambiri a anthu. Ndipo, ndithudi, sambani manja anu.