Chidule cha Mbiri ya Arizona
Pamene malo a Arizona adakhala State of Arizona pa February 14, 1912 , mwambowu unachititsa chidwi dziko lonse lapansi, lachilengedwe komanso losadziwika bwino. Pamene kulowa mu Union, Arizona kunali anthu ochepa chabe - anthu 200,000 okha ngakhale kuti anali ndi malo akuluakulu.
Zaka zana pambuyo pake zili kunyumba kwa anthu 6.5 miliyoni, ndi Phoenix kukhala umodzi mwa mizinda khumi yaku America.
Kukula kwakukulu, kukongola ndi kuyanjana kwa Arizona kumakhala kumalo ake, ku Grand Canyon - ku madera ake a Sonoran, mapiri okwera ndi mapiri ambiri. Koma Arizona amakhalanso ndi mbiri yosiyanasiyana ya chikhalidwe cha Native American, Spanish, Mexican ndi Anglo - kuyambira ku Hohokam, Anasazi ndi Mogollon zitukuko zomwe zimabwerera zaka zosachepera 10,000.
M'zaka za m'ma 1500 zokha, derali linakopa akatswiri a Anglo kufunafuna Mizinda Isanu ndi iŵiri ya Golide ya Cibola. Kwa kanthawi, dziko lomwe tsopano liri Arizona linali pansi pa ulamuliro wa Chisipanishi ndiyeno Mexico, mpaka potsiriza kukhala gawo la US - pamodzi ndi New Mexico - mu 1848.
Kupyolera mu mbiri yake, Arizona anawona zojambula zomwe zinaphatikizapo wofufuzira wa Chisipanishi Francisco Coronado, bambo waumishonale Eusebio Kino, amuna a mapiri monga "Old Bill" Williams ndi Pauline Weaver, odziwa bwino ntchito John Wesley Powell, mtsogoleri wa Apache Geronimo ndi womanga ngalande Jack Swilling .
Ndipo musaiwale ambiri a ranchers, a cowboys ndi a migodi amene anathandizira ku chifanizo chathu cha Kumadzulo.
Pa Tsiku la Valentine wa 1912, Purezidenti Taft anasaina kulengeza kwa dzikoli. Panali zikondwerero m'madera onse a Arizona, ndipo George WP Hunt anakhala bwanamkubwa woyamba.
Zaka makumi angapo zisanachitike malamulo ndi pambuyo, zifukwa zambiri zomwe zinapangitsa kuti kukula kwa Grand Canyon State kukule: kunali malo akuluakulu oweta zoweta ng'ombe, zinkakhala ndi zokolola zovuta kumera kwina kulikonse, kwa malonda.
Komanso, Arizona anali ndi mchere; Ndipotu, idakhala mkuwa wamkulu kwambiri wa dziko lonse, komanso kupereka siliva, golidi, uranium ndi kutsogolera. Kutsegulidwa kwa Dam Roosevelt mu 1911 ndipo zowonjezera zatsopano mu ulimi wothirira zinathandizanso kukula. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, nyengo youma idakopa anthu ofunafuna thanzi labwino, ndipo pofika m'ma 1930, kutentha kwa mpweya kunali kofala kwambiri. Kupyolera m'zaka zambiri za m'ma 1900, mbiri ya Arizona inayamba pansi pa mndandanda wa The Five Cs : nyengo, mkuwa, ng'ombe, thonje ndi citrus.
Zotchulidwa Buku zokhudza mbiri ya Arizona:
- Arizona: Cavalcade History, ya Marshall Trimble
- Arizona: Mbiri, yolembedwa ndi Thomas E. Sheridan
- Geronimo: Munthu, Nthawi Yake, Malo Ake, ndi Angie Debo
- Kumsewu Mbiri ya Arizona, ndi Marshall Trimble
Werengani zambiri zokhudza mbiri ya Arizona pa intaneti:
Nthano za America: Arizona Legends
Tsamba la Ana a State of Arizona