Pezani Malamulo a ku Chuma a ku UK ndi Chimene Chimachitika Ngati Mukupeza Gold Wobisika
Kodi munayamba mwafuna kupeza chuma chobisika? Mwinamwake muyenera kusamala zomwe mukufuna.
Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito chithunzithunzi chachitsulo ku UK ndipo muli ndi mwayi, muyenera kudziwa malamulo a chuma chambiri musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mphepo yanu.
Ngati mukukumba chinachake cha golidi, chowala ndi zamatsenga kulikonse ku United Kingdom, malamulo enieni a "Chuma" kapena, ku Scotland "Chuma cha Chuma", gwiritsani ntchito zomwe mungakhale ndi zomwe muyenera kuchita.
Ndipo ngati mukuganiza kuti mwayi wokhala ndi nkhawa ndi izi zakutali (ndipo mwinamwake muli) mungaganizirenso kuti zomwe zingakhale pangozi zingakhale zokongola kwambiri.
Zomwe Zachitika Ngati Mukupeza Chuma
Zaka zingapo zapitazo, chojambulira chilichonse chachitsulo ku UK - komanso mwinamwake dziko - sichingathe kuthandiza koma ndikuchitira nsanje Terry Herbert yemwe anakumba Staffordshire Hoard. Chuma chobisika ichi, chowululidwa ku dziko lapansi mu September 2009, chinali golide wamkulu wa Anglo Saxon gold yomwe inapezeka ku UK.
Atatha zaka 18 akusaka chuma ndi chitsulo chake, Herbert anapeza khomba lomwe linali ndi zidutswa zoposa 3,900 zapakati pa zaka za m'ma 700, Anglo Saxon golidi ndi siliva. Golide, wokwana £ 3.3 miliyoni, adapezedwa ndi The Birmingham Museum ndi Art Gallery ndi The Potteries Museum ndi Art Gallery ku Stoke-on-Trent. Wofufuzayo, Herbert ndi mwini nyumba, mlimi Fred Johnson, adagawana ndalama zogulitsa katundu (pafupifupi $ 4.73 miliyoni).
Koma izo sizinali mapeto a izo. Mu 2012, zinthu zina makumi asanu ndi zitatu (81) zomwe zimapezeka pamalowa ndi akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale zidatchulidwa chuma, popeza zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika mu 2009, Herbert ndi Johnson amagawana phindu la iwo.
Ndiye Opeza Opeza Ndiye?
Osati ndendende. Mwachidziwitso, chuma chonse chobisika chomwe chimapezeka ku UK ndi cha Crown (Mfumukazi yomwe ili mu ulamuliro wake koma osati monga mwini wake).
Ufulu ndi zofunikira zalamulo kwa opeza ndi eni nthaka zimapangidwa ndi Treasure Act ya 1996. Lamuloli ndi losiyana mu Scotland, lomwe likugwiritsabe ntchito malamulo omwe ali nawo kale.
Kodi ndi Chuma kapena Chuma cha Chuma?
Ku England, Wales ndi Northern Ireland , zinthu zimatengedwa kuti "Chuma" ngati ziri:
- osachepera zaka 300
- zopangidwa ndi pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya chitsulo chamtengo wapatali - golidi kapena siliva - ngati sichikuyambirira.
- zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali muyeso iliyonse kapena gawo ngati chinthu chiri chisanachitike
- ndalama zomwe ndizochepa 10 peresenti golide kapena siliva. Ngati ndalama zokhala ndi ndalama sizingakhale ndi chiwerengero chazitsulo zamtengo wapatali, ndiye kuti ndalama zokwana 10 zokha zimayenera.
Pambuyo pa chaka cha 1996, opeza ndi ogulitsa anayenera kutsimikizira kuti zinthuzo anaikidwa m'manda ndipo kuti anazibisa mwadala ndi cholinga chowakumbutsa tsiku lotsatira. Umboni umenewo siukufunikanso.
Ku Scotland , Common Law of Treasure Trove akadali lamulo la dzikolo. Malo alionse oikidwa m'mphepete mwachitsulo kapena chinthu chomwe akatswiri ofukula mabwinja, mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chamtengo wapatali, ndi chuma ndipo ndi cha Crown. Lamulo likugwiritsidwa ntchito ku zinthu zomwe zapezeka mwadzidzidzi osati pa nthawi yofukulidwa pansi.
Ngati Mupeza Chuma
Ku United Kingdom, ntchitoyi ndi yofanana, ngakhale maofesi osiyanasiyana ndi matupi oyenerera akugwira ntchito ku Scotland.
Ngati mutapeza zinthu zomwe mumakhulupirira kuti ndizofunika, muyenera kuyankha kuti mupezepo udindo woyenera. Ku England, Wales ndi Northern Ireland, amapeza kuti iyenera kuuzidwa kwa Coroner mkati mwa masiku 14 - ndipo kulephera kuchita zimenezi kungakupatseni ndalama zokwana £ 5,000 ndi miyezi itatu kundende.
Kodi N'chiyani Chimachitika Patsogolo?
The coroner imakhala ndi funso kuti azindikire ngati chinthucho, kwenikweni, chuma. Ngati sichiri chuma, chidzabwezeredwa kwa wofufuzayo, yemwe angasunge - atatha kukonza chigamulo chilichonse chopangidwa ndi mwiniwake wa malo omwe adapezekanso ndi malo alionse a malo.
Ngati icho chiri chuma, chidzaperekedwa ku malo osungirako zosungirako zoyenera. Ngati palibe nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imasankha kuyitanira pamsonkhanopo, Korona ikhoza kuthetsa zomwe akunenazo, ndipo kachiwiri, ikubwezeredwa kwa wofufuzayo.
Ndipo Ngati Iwo Ndi Wofunika?
Pamene coroner ikulingalira kuti chinthu ndi cuma, komiti yamtengo wapatali, yopangidwa ndi akatswiri oyenerera, imatengera mtengo wamsika.
Ku England, kuyerekezera kumachitika ku British Museum ndi ku Wales ku National Museum of Wales. Dipatimenti ya Chilengedwe ku Northern Ireland imachita ntchito ku Northern Ireland, ndipo ku Scotland ndi National Museums of Scotland . Nyumba za Museums zimatha kuyitanitsa zinthuzo ndi zomwe amalipirako nthawi zambiri zimapatsidwa mphotho yogawidwa ndi wopeza mwiniyo, mwini nyumba komanso wogulitsa kapena wogwira ntchitoyo.
Mphoto?
Wopeza chuma samakhala ndi ufulu kulandira kulipira kulikonse. Ku Scotland, izi zikufotokozedwa momveka bwino mu ndondomeko ya Treasure Trove: "Opeza alibe ufulu wa eni ake akupeza kuti akupanga ku Scotland ndipo zonse zomwe zimapeza, kupatulapo ndalama za Victorian ndi zaka za m'ma 1900, ziyenera kuwonetsedwa ku Unit Treasure Trove Unit kuti awonetsere. "
Mawu omwewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza ufulu wolandira ndi ufulu ku England, Wales ndi Northern Ireland.
Koma mwachizoloŵezi, wopezayo ndi mwini nyumba nthawi zonse amapatsidwa chiwongoladzanja chonse cha chinthu, cholipiridwa ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zomwe zimapeza chuma, kugawana, 50-50. Momwemonso Bambo Herbert, yemwe anapeza golide wa Staffordshire Hoard wa golide wa Anglo Saxon, ndi mlimi, Mr. Johnson, adatha kupereka ndalama zoposa $ 4 miliyoni.
Nanga ndizovuta zotani?
Ngati muli wothandizira zitsulo, zikuoneka kuti ndi zabwino kuposa kupambana lottery. Dr. Michael Lewis, yemwe ali mutu wa zotsalira zamtengo wapatali komanso wolemera pa Portable Antiquities Scheme, anauza BBC kuti anthu 80,000 amapeza chaka chilichonse chaka chilichonse, pafupifupi 1,000 mwa iwo amakhala ofunika. Ndipo malo ena ali olemera kwambiri kuposa ena.
Ngati mukufuna kupititsa patsogolo mwayi wanu, pitani ku East Anglia . Ziŵerengero za Coroner zasonkhanitsa pakati pa 2013 ndi 2016 zikuwonetsa zigawo za ngodya iyi ya England ikutsogolera pakiti ponena za chiwerengero cha chuma chimene chimapezeka chaka chilichonse:
- Norfolk - 116
- Essex - 71
- Suffolk - 65
- Lincolnshire - 59
Zowonjezera zina zaposachedwapa zakhala zikuphatikiza:
- Malo Otsalira - Nkhokwe ya siliva ndi yachitsulo Zovala zodzikongoletsera ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, ndi golidi wagolidi wophimba siliva pommel, womwe umapezeka mumtunda wa North Yorkshire mu 2012 ndipo unapezedwa ndi York Museums Trust kwa £ 50,000 pamsonkhanowu.
- Lenborough Hoard - Msonkhanowu wa 5,251 Anglo Saxon ndi ndalama za siliman Norman, pafupifupi zaka 1,000, zinapezeka mumunda wa Buckinghamshire mu 2014. Ndalamazo, zomwe zidakulungidwa mu pepala, zinali zapamwamba kwambiri za Anglo Saxon. Ndalamazo zinachokera ku migodi 40 ya Chingerezi ndipo zimanyamula mitu ya Mfumu Ethelred ya Unready ndi King Canute. Mu 2016, iwo anali ofunika pa £ 1.35 miliyoni.
- Wick Hoard - Ngongole ya ndalama za zaka makumi asanu ndi zitatu za chiroma za ku Roma, kuyambira nthawi ya Mark Antony, zomwe zinapezeka ku Wales mu November 2015.
- The Watlington Hoard - Chuma cha Viking ndi Anglo-Saxon kuyambira nthawi ya Alfred Wamkulu, yomwe inapezeka ku Oxfordshire mu 2015 ndipo inapezedwa ndi Ashmolean Museum mu 2017.