Mafunso Omwe Amafunsidwa Kawirikawiri Ponena za Kulemba Lobbying
Udindo ndi mphamvu ya wolandila alendo ndizovuta kumvetsetsa. Kodi ndi mafakitale ati omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri poyendetsera malo? Kodi munthu amakhala bwanji woyang'anira malo olondera malo? Werengani mafunso awa kawirikawiri ndikuphunziranso za iwo.
Kodi wolandila malo ndi chiyani?
Wovomerezeka ndi wotsutsa omwe amayesetsa kukopa anthu a boma (monga mamembala a Congress) kuti akhazikitse malamulo omwe angapindule gulu lawo. Ntchito yovomerezeka ndi mbali yovomerezeka ya ndale yomwe anthu ambiri sadziwa.
Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti amalangizi amapereka ndalama monga akatswiri omwe amapatsidwa ndalama, palinso anthu ambiri odzipereka. Aliyense amene akupempha boma kapena kulankhulana ndi membala wake wa Congress kuti amve maganizo ake akugwira ntchito ngati wolandila alendo. Kuwombera ndi malo ogulitsa ndi ntchito zotetezedwa pansi pa Chisinthiko Choyamba cha US Constitution yomwe imapatsa ufulu woyankhula, kusonkhana, ndi kupempha.
Kuwombera kumaphatikizapo zoposa kungokakamiza omvera malamulo. Aphunzitsi ogwirira ntchito kufufuza ndi kufufuza malamulo kapena ndondomeko zowonongeka, kupezeka pamsonkhanowu, ndi kuphunzitsa akuluakulu a boma ndi akuluakulu a mabungwe pazinthu zofunika. Olemba mabuku amathandizanso kuti asinthe malingaliro a anthu kupyolera mu masewera a malonda kapena mwa kutsogolera 'atsogoleri a maganizo.'
Kodi ovomerezeka amagwira ntchito yanji?
Ovomerezeka amaimira pafupifupi bungwe lililonse la ku America ndi magulu othandizira antchito, makampani, makoleji ndi mayunivesite, mipingo, zopereka zachifundo, magulu a zachilengedwe, mabungwe akuluakulu, komanso maboma, maiko kapena ochokera kunja.
Kodi ndi mafakitale ati omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri poyendetsera malo?
Malinga ndi OpenSecrets.org, deta yotsatira inalembedwa ndi Senate Office of Public Records. Makampani 10 apamwamba a 2016 anali awa:
Mankhwala / Zaumoyo - $ 63,168,503
Inshuwalansi - $ 38,280,437
Zida Zamagetsi - $ 33,551,556
Mabungwe Amalonda - $ 32,065,206
Mafuta & Gasi - $ 31,453,590
Electronics Mfg & Vifaa - $ 28,489,437
Makhalidwe & Investment - $ 25,425,076
Mzipatala / Nyumba za Aubwino - $ 23,609,607
Kutengerapo kwa ndege - $ 22,459,204
Ophunzira Zaumoyo - $ 22,175,579
Kodi munthu amakhala bwanji woyang'anira malo olondera malo? Kodi ndi chiyambi kapena maphunziro otani omwe amafunikira?
Olemba mabuku amachokera ku miyambo yonse. Ambiri ali omaliza maphunziro a koleji, ndipo ambiri ali ndi madigiri apamwamba. Ambiri ogwirira ntchito amayambira ntchito zawo ku Capitol Hill mu ofesi ya congressional. Ovomerezeka ayenera kukhala ndi luso lolankhulana bwino komanso kudziwa momwe ntchitoyi ikuyendera komanso makampani omwe akuimira. Ngakhale kuti palibe maphunziro apamwamba kuti akhale woyang'anira nyumba, State Government Affairs Council imapereka Lobbying Certificate Program, pulogalamu yopitiliza maphunziro yomwe imathandiza anthu onse omwe ali ndi luso la maphunziro kuti adziwe bwino momwe ntchitoyi ikuyendera.
Ambiri ogwirira ntchito amalandira maphunziro ku koleji popita ku Capitol Hill. Onani chitsogozo ku Washington, DC Maphunziro - Kupita ku Capitol Hill.
Kodi woyang'anira malo olondera malo ayenera kulembedwa?
Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1995, Lobbying Disclosure Act (LDA) idapempha anthu omwe amalipidwa kuti alowetsere ku boma kuti alembe ndi Mlembi wa Senate ndi Woyang'anira Nyumba. Makampani ogwirira ntchito, ogwira ntchito okhaokha komanso mabungwe omwe amagwiritsa ntchito malo ogwirira ntchito, ayenera kulemba mauthenga omwe amachititsa anthu kuti azichita nawo ntchito.
Ndi angati olowa malo ku Washington, DC?
Pofika m'chaka cha 2016, pali anthu pafupifupi 9,700 omwe amalembetsa ovomerezeka ku boma ndi boma.
Makampani akuluakulu oyendetsa makampani ndi othandizira ali pa K Street ku Downtown Washington, DC
Kodi pali zotsutsana zotani pa mphatso za ovomerezeka kwa mamembala a Congress?
Mphatso yowonjezera mphatsoyo imanena kuti membala wa Congress kapena ogwira ntchito awo sangavomereze mphatso kuchokera kwa ovomerezeka ovomerezeka kapena bungwe lililonse lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito ovomerezeka. Liwu lakuti "mphatso" limaphatikizapo aliyense wopanda, chisomo, kuchotsera, zosangalatsa, kulandira alendo, ngongole, kapena chinthu china chokhala ndi ndalama.
Kodi mawu oti "lobby lobler" amachokera kuti?
Purezidenti Ulysses S. Grant anapanga bungwe la lobbyist kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800. Grant anali kukonda polojekiti ya Willard Hotel ku Washington DC ndipo anthu ankamuyandikira kuti akambirane zomwe zimayambitsa.
Zowonjezera Zowonjezera Kulemba Lobbying
- Tsegulani Zinsinsi - Pakati pa Ndale Zotsutsa - Ndondomeko yopanda malire yomwe ikutsatira ndalama pa chisankho cha US ndi ndondomeko ya boma, kuphatikizapo kukakamiza ntchito
- Ofesi ya Mabungwe - Akulongosola mwatsatanetsatane za Lobbying Disclosure Act ya 1995, ndondomeko yolembetsera kulembetsa
- Pulogalamu Yothandiza Boma - Pulojekiti Yoyang'anira Boma, yomwe ikutsogolera boma lopanda malire, lomwe limalimbikitsa kusintha kwa boma kuti lipindule boma lovomerezeka, lotseguka, komanso labwino.
- Lobbyingfirms.com - Malo osungirako malonda