Zolemba, Ziwerengero ndi Malangizo Pamadzi a Bottled
Reno kugwiritsira madzi ndi imodzi mwa madzi abwino kwambiri omwe amamwa mowa. Kumwa madzi a Reno mmalo mwa madzi otsekemera ndi njira yophweka yosungira ndalama, kusunga mphamvu, ndi kuthandizira kusunga zambiri mumtunda. Ndichinthu chodziwika bwino kuti sichilipilira dola pa zomwe mungapeze ndalama zosakwana ndalama. Ndichoncho; Madzi akumwa omwe amaperekedwa ndi Tructor Meadows Water Authority (TMWA) amatengera ndalama zochepa kuposa ndalama imodzi pamene ikulowa m'nyumba mwanu.
Ikani njira ina, TMWA imayendetsera $ 1.58 pamwezi pa madzi oyamwa 6000 oyambirira omwe amaperekedwa ku faucet yanu. Ine ndigula izo ndikusungira ndalama yanga pa zinthu zodula, monga chakudya ndi gasi.
Madzi a Truckee Makhalidwe Omwa Madzi
Ambiri a Reno ndi Sparks akumwa madzi amayamba ngati chipale chofewa ku Sierra Nevada ndipo amatifikira kudzera mumtsinje wa Truckee. Madzi a TMWA akuphatikizapo nyanja zing'onozing'ono ndi malo osungira madzi, omwe ndi aakulu kwambiri ndi Lake Tahoe. Chotsatira chotsiriza kwa ife ndi zina mwa madzi abwino kwambiri omwe amamwa mowa kwambiri ku America; palibe madzi omwe ali ndi botolo. Pitani ku tsamba la webusaiti ya TMWA ya Madzi kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2009, chovala chotchedwa Environmental Working Group (EWG) chinatulutsa lipoti loti mizinda 100 ikhale yokhudza thanzi komanso chitetezo cha madzi. Reno (ndi Las Vegas) adalongosola molakwika mu lipoti la EWG, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti athandize kuchokera ku TMWA ndi ku Nevada.
Phunzirani zambiri za nkhaniyi ndi kupeza zambiri zapamwamba za madzi mu nkhani yanga Lowdown pa Reno ya Kumwa Madzi .
Madzi Omwa Kumwa Madzi ndi Zizindikiro
Madzi akumwa amadzimadzi ndi aakulu ndipo kuwona ena a iwo pamodzi kumathandiza kuika zinthu moyenera. Ngakhale kuti sipangakhale cholakwika chilichonse ndi madzi a m'mabotolo pa se, ndi njira yamtengo wapatali yochotsera ludzu lanu.
- Malamulo a boma amangofuna madzi omwe amamwa madzi abwino kuti akhale abwino ngati madzi a pompopu.
- Ngati madzi oledzeretsa akugulitsidwa kumene amapangidwira (sangadutse malire), ngakhale malamulo ochepa a federal sakugwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Mpaka 40 peresenti ya madzi a botolo amachokera ku machitidwe a madzi a mumzinda; Mwachitsanzo, madzi apampopi.
- Timagwiritsa ntchito madola 15 biliyoni pachaka pa madzi oledzera.
- Miliyoni 1.5 miliyoni ya mafuta pachaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mabotolo a madzi a pulasitiki 70 miliyoni tsiku lililonse ku US.
- Mabotolo apulasitiki opanda kanthu mabiliyoni 22 pachaka amatayidwa; 20 peresenti yokha ya iwo amasinthidwa.
Ndinapita ku chipinda china cha Reno kuti ndikaone zosankha za madzi akumwa amadzimadzi ndipo ndinapeza kukula kwakukulu kwa mitengo ndi mitengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti ndidziwe zomwe zimayendetsa ndalama iliyonse, quart, lita imodzi kapena gallon. Ndinapeza magaloni okwana masenti 98 kuchoka pa $ 1.50, pafupifupi 0.79 pa senti 69, ndi malita kuchokera $ 1.49 mpaka $ 2.19. Sindinayesere ngakhale kuwerengera ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo za mabotolo osiyanasiyana. Komabe, ziribe kanthu momwe mumatsanulirira, madzi otsekemera ndi okwera mtengo kuposa momwe tilili kale potembenuza bomba.
Zisudzo Zomwa Madzi
Mmalo mogula madzi a matepi omwe ali ojambulidwa, chitani nokha. Makampani angapo amapanga makina opangira m'nyumba ndi makala omwe amachotsa zosalala monga chlorine yotsala yomwe imapezeka m'madzi a mumzinda. Aeration ndikungozisiya kanthawi kungathetsenso chlorine. Malingana ndi Paul Miller, ofesi ya Opaleshoni ndi Madzi ku Truckee Meadows Water Authority, kuonjezera chlorine yowonjezereka ndizofunika zowononga mabakiteriya monga madzi akuyenda pakati pa mapepala pakati pa mankhwala ndi mankhwala a makasitomale.
Mabotolo Amadzi Omwe Amathirira Kumwa
Kuti muyendetse mozungulira madzi anu opopera, pangani botolo lothandizira. Izi zimabwera mosiyanasiyana, maonekedwe, mitundu, ndi zokongoletsa. Mukhozanso kusankha zitsulo (zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena zitsulo zotayidwa) kapena pulasitiki (yang'anani zitsulo zopanda BPA).
Pa imodzi mwa masitolo athu a Reno kunja, ndinapeza zazikulu zosiyana kuchokera ku 10 oz. mpaka 32 oz. Palinso mabotolo omwe amasungunuka kwambiri kuti muthe kuyendetsa ntchentche ngati mutakhala pansi pa H20.
Zotsatira: Truckee Meadows Water Authority, USA Today, Bottled Water Blues, Bloomberg Businessweek.