Mbiri ya Mitsinje Yamakala, Masoka, ndi Ulendo ku Pennsylvania

Mitsinje ya malasha inayamba ku Pennsylvania pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1700, yolimbikitsidwa ndi mafakitale achitsulo. Chomera chofewa (chofewa) chinayambidwa minda ku Pennsylvania pafupi ndi 1760 ku "Coal Hill" (masiku ano a Mount Washington), kudutsa Mtsinje wa Monongahela kuchokera mumzinda wa Pittsburgh. Malashawa anatengedwa kuchokera kumapiri a pamtunda ndipo ankanyamula bwato kupita ku ndende yapafupi ya Fort Pitt . Pofika m'chaka cha 1830, mzinda wa Pittsburgh (wotchedwa "City Smoky" chifukwa cha malasha ake olemera), unadya matani oposa 400 a malasha patsiku.

Mbiri ya Mitsinje Yamakala

Chombo cha malasha cha Pittsburgh, makamaka malasha apamwamba ochokera ku District of Connellsville, chinali ndi malasha abwino kwambiri popanga coke, mafuta oyambirira omwe amawotcha zitsulo. Ntchito yoyamba ya coke mu ng'anjo yachitsulo inachitika mu 1817 m'tauni ya Fayette, Pennsylvania. Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1830 kukhazikitsidwa mavuni a coke a njuchi, omwe amawatcha kuti maonekedwe awo, adalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito malasha a Pittsburgh mu zitsulo zachitsulo.

M'zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazi, kufunika kwazitsulo kunakula kwambiri, komwe kunayambitsidwa ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa malonda a njanji. Chiwerengero cha ovuni za njuchi mumsasa wa Pittsburgh pakati pa 1870 ndi 1905 chinakwera kuchokera ku mavuni 200 mpaka pafupifupi 31,000 poyankha makampani opanga chuma ndi zitsulo omwe akukwera; ntchito yawo inalembedwa mu 1910 pafupifupi 48,000. Kupangidwa kwa migodi yamakala m'mphepete mwa malasha a Pittsburgh kunakula kuchoka pa matani 4,3 miliyoni a malasha mu 1880 mpaka kufika pamwamba pa matani 40 miliyoni mu 1916.

Ma tani oposa 10 biliyoni a malasha amatsitsa m'maboma 21 a Pennsylvania (makamaka maboma akumadzulo) m'zaka 200+ zapitazo za migodi. Ichi ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a malasha onse omwe adayambidwapo ku United States. Mizinda ya Pennsylvania yomwe ili ndi migodi ya malasha, yomwe imayikidwa pamalopo, ikuphatikizapo Greene, Somerset, Armstrong, Indiana, Clearfield, Washington, Cambria, Jefferson, Westmoreland, Clarion, Elk, Fayette, Lycoming, Butler, Lawrence, Center, Beaver, Blair, Allegheny , Venango, ndi Mercer.

Pennsylvania tsopano ndi imodzi mwa mayiko aakulu kwambiri obala malasha ku United States.

Ngozi Zamagetsi Zamagetsi ku Western Pennsylvania

Imodzi mwa masoka anga aakulu kwambiri ku United States inachitika ku dera la Darr ku Westmoreland County pa December 19, 1907, pamene kuphulika kwa mpweya ndi fumbi kunapha anthu 239. Masoka ena akuluakulu a zinyama ku Western Pennsylvania akuphatikizapo kuphulika kwa Harwick Mine m'chaka cha 1904 chomwe chinapha moyo wa anthu 179 ogwira ntchito minda pamodzi ndi opulumutsa awiri ndi Marianna Mine Disaster ya 1908 yomwe inaphetsa oyendetsa malasha 129. Mauthenga awa ndi masoka achimayidi a malasha a ku Pennsylvania angapezeke m'mabuku a ngozi a malasha a Pennsylvania, pa Intaneti ku Pennsylvania State Archives, akulemba zochitika za migodi kwa zaka 1899-1972. Mu kukumbukira kwaposachedwapa, Quecreek Mine ku Somerset County, Pennsylvania, inachititsa chidwi anthu padziko lonse monga amisiri asanu ndi anayi omwe anagwidwa pansi pamtunda kwa masiku atatu ndipo potsirizira pake anapulumutsidwa amoyo.

Maulendo a Mitsinje ya ku Pennsylvania ku America

Wanga Wachisoni Wanga : Kamodzi kamodzi kamodzi kogwira ntchito m'migodi yamakina yamakono tsopano ikugwira ntchito ngati mgodi waulendo, ndi maulendo apansi omwe amayendetsedwa ndi oyendetsa minda omwe adagwira ntchito m'migodi. Mine Yomwe Yandiwonera Imene ili ku Cambria County, Pennsylvania, ili mbali ya njira yopitilira ulendo wa dziko lonse.

Mtsinje Wotayira Madzi ndi Museum: Tengani ulendo wophunzitsa kudzera mu minda ya makolo anga kumene amisiri odziwa bwino ntchito amapereka ziwonetsero zamoyo za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida za migodi kuti apatse alendo kuti adziwe zomwe zinalipo komanso ngati akugwira ntchito m'migodi yamakina.

Windber Coal Heritage Center: Fufuzani mtundu wa Mining Community ndikupeza momwe "Black Gold" ya Pennsylvania inakhudzira miyoyo ya anthu. The Windber Coal Heritage Heritage ndilo lokha lokhazikitsidwa m'masamu kummawa kwa US wodzipereka kuti afotokoze nkhani ya moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi ndi mabanja awo.