Kutha Kwambiri Kwambiri Kumtunda wa Kumpoto
Mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya mafuko inachititsa kuti Cleveland akhale ndi moyo. Ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimapatsa mzindawo chidwi chake, osatchula mitundu yambiri ya zakudya, madera, ndi miyambo. Pano pali magulu akuluakulu omwe apanga Cleveland zomwe ziri lero. Kuti mumve zambiri za mtundu wa Cleveland, onani Project Project ya Cleveland.
01 pa 17
Amwenye
Ochokera ku Poland a Cleveland anayamba kufika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800, atatengedwa ndi ntchito mu mphero zopangira (zitsulo) pafupi ndi Mtsinje wa Cuyahoga ndi mphero zamkati. Pamodzi ndi a Czech, adakhazikika m'madera ozungulira Cuyahoga Valley, lomwe tsopano limatchedwa Village Slavic ndi Newburgh Heights.
Chipolishi chikulankhulidwabe mumudzi wa Slavic, ndi malo ogulitsa, monga Seven Roses Deli, amagulitsa soseji, pierogi, ndi zinthu zina za ku Poland. Mzinda wa Asilavic umakondwerera cholowa chawo tsiku lirilonse la May May ndi chaka cha August pa Chikondwerero cha Zokolola. Mpingo wa St. Stanislaus, womwe unakhazikitsidwa mu 1888, unakhudza kwambiri anthu amtunduwu ndipo unathandiza kuthandizira atsopano.
02 pa 17
Anthu a ku Italy
Ochokera ku Italy anafika ku Cleveland cha m'ma 1900, kudera lina lotchedwa Big Italy pafupi ndi Woodland ndi East 30th Street. Ambiri mwa anthu oyambirira a ku Italy anali ogulitsa, ophika mkate, komanso ogulitsa. Zotsalira zazing'ono za "Big Italy," koma malonda monga Gallucci ndi Catallano achokera mmenemo.
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, gulu lina la Ataliyana linakhazikika kumadera akumwera kwa Euclid, pafupi ndi Mayfield, yomwe imadziwika kuti Little Italy. Ambiri mwa obwera kumenewa anali miyala ya miyala yomwe anajambula zipilala za m'manda a Lake View . Masiku ano Italy yaing'ono imakhalabebe ndi mzimu wa anthu a ku America.03 a 17
Achi Irish
A Irish anali mmodzi wa mafuko oyambirira kukakhala ku Cleveland, otengedwa ndi ntchito zopangidwa ndi Ohio-Erie Canal ndi doko la Cleveland. Oyamba a ku Ireland adakhazikika ku Whisky Island (yotchedwa Lorenzo Carter, osati anthu atsopano) kumayambiriro mpaka m'ma 1820.
Ntchito yolalikira m'mphepete mwa nyanja inakhala yochulukirapo, mazana ambiri ochokera ku Ireland anafika kuchokera ku Ulaya, akukhala pafupi ndi West Side ndi kuzungulira Flats masiku ano. St. Malachi, adakali parishi ya ku Ireland, anali malo oyambirira a chigawo chimenecho.
Cleveland akadakumbukirabe zambiri za anthu oyambirirawo okhala m'mabuku ambiri achi Irish, zikondwerero za pachaka za St. Patrick, ndi ambiri a ku Ireland.04 pa 17
Ajeremani
Anthu oyambirira achijeremani okhala kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Ohio ambiri amachokera ku Eastern states, mbadwa za iwo omwe anabwera ku United States pa Revolution ya America.
Zomangamanga za Ohio-Erie Canal m'zaka za m'ma 1830 zinapangitsa kuti anthu a ku Germany adzalumikizane, ambiri mwa iwo adakhazikika m'mudzi wa Tremont masiku ano, mumzinda wa Lorain mumzinda wa Brooklyn, komanso pafupi ndi Superior ndi Central Central pa East Side. Ochokera ku Germany oyambirira anali akatswiri amisiri, akatswiri ojambula nsalu, zovala zamtengo wapatali, ndi ogulitsa zinthu zina, pakati pa ntchito zina.
Malo a German a Cleveland adachoka, koma malo a German akupezeka ku Honsa Market ku Lorain, pafupi ndi West Side Market, ndi ku Zion UCC ku Tremont.
05 a 17
The Slovenes
M'zaka zambiri za m'ma 1900, Cleveland anali ndi chigawo chachikulu cha Slovenia ku United States. Pokhala ndi ntchito mu mphero zamagetsi, slovenes inayamba kufika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, ndikukhazikika ku Newburgh.
Malo ena a Slovenes anaphatikizapo malo a St. Clair Avenue (kuchokera ku 30-30 Street mpaka East 79th Street.) Ndi ku Collinwood . Patapita nthawi, ambiri ochokera ku Slovenia anasamukira ku Euclid, Ohio.
Akuluakulu a Clevelanders omwe amati amadalira dziko la Slovenia akuphatikizapo omwe kale anali Sen. George Voinovich ndi nyenyezi ya polka Frankie Yankovic. Gulu laling'ono koma lolimbikira la Chislovenia lidalipo ku Cleveland.
06 cha 17
Achi Chinese
Cholowa cha China cha Cleveland chimachokera ku kagulu kaching'ono kake ka Cantonese kamene kanakhazikika pafupi ndi Public Square kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1860. Anthu oyambirira a ku Chinawa anali eni eni ogulitsa ndi ogwira ntchito.
Pamene mzinda wa Cleveland unakula, dera lino linayendayenda kummawa, poyamba kumalo ozungulira East 55th Street ndi Euclid Avenue ndipo m'ma 1930 kupita ku Cleatand's Chinatown ( tsopano ku Asiatown ), pafupi ndi Rockwell ndi East 24th Street.
Zaka za m'ma 1970 ndi za 1980 zinabweretsa ana ambiri ochokera ku China, omwe anakopeka ndi mayunivesite a Cleveland ndi ntchito zogwirira ntchito ndi zamakono.
Masiku ano, Asiatown ya Cleveland yodzaza ndi malo odyera a ku China ndi America komanso malo ogulitsa chakudya cha ku China ndipo akukumana ndi kuberekanso monga malo okhala.
07 mwa 17
The Czechs
A Czechs ndi amodzi mwa akuluakulu komanso achikulire kwambiri a mitundu yonse ya Cleveland. Anthu othawa kwawo, omwe anali a Bohemians, a Moravians, ndi a Siliesi, anayamba kufika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Anthu oyambirira a Czech ankakhazikitsa mbali ina m'mphepete mwa mtsinje masiku ano wotchedwa Flats.
Ofikawo adachoka kumudzi komwe angakhale ndi malo oti azamera ndiwo zamasamba, akukhala pa Broadway ndi Fleet Avenue komanso pafupi ndi West 41st Street ndi Clark Avenue.
Zonsezi zili ndi anthu amphamvu kwambiri, a ku Czech ndi America. Chikhalidwe cha ku Czech chikhoza kupezeka m'mipingo, monga St. John Napomocene pa Fleet Avenue ndi Karlin Hall gulu lachikhalidwe, komanso m'mudzi wa Slavic Village.08 pa 17
A Ukrainians
Anthu oyambirira ochokera ku Ukraine omwe anali ochokera ku Cleveland anayamba kufika m'deralo m'ma 1870, ndipo ankakhazikika m'dera la Tremont. Patapita nthawi mafunde ambiri ochokera ku Cleveland anafika ku Cleveland pakati pa Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse ndi Nkhondo Yachiŵiri Yadziko Lonse ndipo pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Soviet Union. Alendo ocheperako posachedwapa apanga nyumba ya ku Ukraine ku Parma, kum'mwera kwa Cleveland.
Mzindawu uli ndi mapulogalamu atatu a wailesi ndi nyuzipepala zitatu ku Ukraine komanso Museum Museum ku Kenilworth Avenue ku Tremont. Mipingo ina ya m'deralo imagwira ntchito mu Chiyukireniya; izi zikuphatikizapo Sts. Peter ndi Paul ku Tremont ndi St. Josaphat ku Parma.
09 cha 17
Anthu a ku Hungary
Chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, Cleveland anali ndi anthu ambiri a ku Hungarian kunja kwa Hungary. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1870, anthu ambiri a ku Hungary adasamukira kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Ohio kukagwira ntchito mumzinda wa Foundries ndi masitolo ogulitsa magetsi. Madera ambiri a Hungary, omwe ndi akuluakulu awiriwa anali akuzungulira East 79th Street ndi Woodland Avenue komanso mumsewu wa Buckeye.
Zomwe zinachitika pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiŵiri yapadziko lonse ndi 1956, Hungary Revolution, zinabweretsa maiko ena othawa kwawo.
Masiku ano, chikhalidwe cha Cleveland cha Hungary chikuwonekera m'munda wa Hungary ku Cleveland Cultural Gardens, ku Hungarian Heritage Museum, komanso ku malo odyera monga Balaton's pa Shaker Square (poyamba pa Buckeye Road).10 pa 17
African-American Community
Cholowa chakuda cha Cleveland ndi chakale ngati mzinda womwewo. Woyamba wa ku Africa wa America, George Peake, anafika ku Cleveland mu 1809, patangopita zaka 13 Mose Cleaveland atamanga mzinda mu 1796. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, anthu a ku Africa ndi a Cleveland akhala akuthandiza kwambiri pakukula kwa mzindawu. Amaphatikizapo Carl Stokes , woyang'anira mayina wa ku America ndi Africa.
Nzika zakuda za Cleveland zinadza m'mafunde akuluakulu awiri, akubwera kuchokera ku America South. Mtsinje woyamba unayamba kuyambira 1890 mpaka 1915 ndipo unakhazikika pakati pa Central Avenue, pakati pa mzinda wa East and East 40th Street. Pambuyo pake, pakati pa 1940 ndi 1960, anthu achiwiri a ku America anafika, gawo lina la Great Migration.
11 mwa 17
Anthu a ku Korea
Anthu ochepa ochokera ku Korea a ku Cleveland anayamba kufika kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Ohio kumapeto kwa nkhondo ya Korea mu 1953. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu a ku Koreya chinafika pang'onopang'ono m'ma 1970 ndi 1980. Otsopanowa anali makamaka ophunzira, madokotala, ndi injini.
Popeza kuti anthu ochokera ku Korea a ku Cleveland anafika pang'onopang'ono, anakhazikika m'mudzi wonse, osati m'madera ena. Chikhalidwe cha Korea chikuwonekera m'mipingo isanu ndi umodzi ya Korea ndi America mumzindawu, kuphatikizapo St. Andrew Kim Korean Catholic Church ku Tremont.
12 pa 17
Anthu a ku Croatia
Croatia ndi dera lakumidzi la Asilavo ku Ulaya, dera lovutitsa, makamaka m'zaka za zana la 20. Pa nthawi ya chiwerengero cha 1990, Cleveland anali ndi chigawo chachinayi cha ku Croatia ku America. Ochokera kwawo anayamba kufika m'ma 1860, akukhala ndi a Slovenes ozungulira St. Clair Avenue, kuyambira ku East Ninth to East 79th. Ambiri mwa anthu oyambirira ochokera ku Chiroatia anali osaphunzitsidwa ntchito ndipo anapeza ntchito m'magetsi achitsulo ndi masitolo ogulitsa.
Anthu ambiri a ku Croatia, omwe anali akatswiri ophunzira kwambiri, anabwera pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiŵiri yapadziko lonse, atathaŵa ulamuliro wa chikomyunizimu wa Yugoslavia.
Masiku ano, chikhalidwe cha Chiroseya chikuwoneka pa nyumba yatsopano ya ku Croatia National Home ku Eastlake ndi mipingo, monga St. Nicholas, pa Superior Avenue.
13 pa 17
Agiriki
Chigawo cha Greek cha Cleveland ndi chochepa koma chogwirizana kwambiri. Ochokera ku Greece anafika ku Cleveland m'zaka za m'ma 1880, akuzungulira Bolivar ndi Ontario m'madera omwe amatchedwa Gateway.
Akafika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 anakhazikika ku Tremont ndipo adakhazikitsa Mpingo wa Annunciation, umene ukupitilira lero.
Ochokera ku Girisi ambiri anakhala enieni amalonda, kutsegula masitolo ogulitsa khofi, malo odyera, malo odyera, ndi zakudya zazing'ono. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mabungwe amenewa adakalipo ndi anthu achigiriki.
14 pa 17
Anthu a ku Lithuania
Mofanana ndi mafuko ena a ku Eastern Europe, oyamba ku Lithuania anafika ku North-East Ohio chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, atatengedwa ndi ntchito mu ntchito yopanga zinthu. Anthu oyambirirawa anafika pafupi ndi St. Clair Avenue, kuchokera ku Rockwell kupita ku 71st Street. Malo awo a parishi, Tchalitchi cha St. George's Lithuanian ku East 67th Street ndi Superior Avenue, adakhazikitsidwa mu 1895 ndipo adakali ndi moyo.
Ophunzira a ku Kilithuania omwe anathawira kwawo ku Lithuania anafika ku Cleveland kumapeto kwa nkhondo yachiŵiri yapadziko lonse pamene Soviet Union inalanda dziko lawo. Ofikawa adakhazikitsa midzi kuzungulira East 185th St
Masiku ano, chikhalidwe cha Chi Lithuania chingapezeke pa E. 185th Street Festival pachaka komanso ku Lithuania ku University of Kent State.
15 mwa 17
Anthu a ku Puerto Rico
Anthu a ku Puerto Rico amakhala ambiri, pafupifupi 85 peresenti, ya anthu a ku Cleveland ku Spain. Gulu ili linayamba kufika ku North Coast kuchokera mu 1945 ndipo kusamukirako kunapitirira mpaka 1965; iwo analembedwera kukagwira ntchito ku mafakitale ndi malo odyera. Anthu obwera kumene anafika kumadzulo kwa Cleveland, pafupi ndi Hough, Lexington, ndi njira za Superior.
Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, anthu a ku Puerto Rico a Cleveland adasamukira kumadzulo kwa mzinda, kumadzulo kwa West Fifth ku West 65th Street, pakati pa Detroit Road ndi Clark Avenue. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu a ku Puerto Rico chimachitanso kuti malowa azikhala kwawo.
Masiku ano, chikhalidwe cha Cleveland cha Puerto Rican chingapezeke m'masitolo ambiri a ku Spain omwe ali pafupi ndi kumadzulo ndi phwando la Puerto Rican, lomwe linachitika mu August.
16 mwa 17
The Vietnamese
Anthu oposa 2,000 a ku Vietnam adayamba kufika kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Ohio pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Saigon pa April 30, 1975, mwambo umene unayambanso kugwirizana kwa Vietnam ndi kutha kwa dziko la South Sudan. Ambiri mwa anthu othawa kwawo anasamukira ku Detroit / Shoreway, pamodzi ndi Madison, Franklin, ndi a Detroit.
Masiku ano, Cleveland's Vietnamese heritage akhoza kuonekera ku St. Stephen's Church ku West 54th Street, pa chikondwerero cha Tet chaka chilichonse mu February, komanso m'mabwalo ambiri a ku Vietnam mumzindawu, kuphatikizapo # 1 Pho.
17 mwa 17
Mzinda wa Arab-American
Anthu othawa kwawo ochokera ku Middle East anayamba kufika ku Cleveland kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1895, ndipo ambiri anali kuthaŵa chisokonezo chomwe chinayambitsa nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse. Ambiri mwa anthu oyambirira a ku Arabia anali ochokera ku Greater Syria (dziko lomwe lili Lebanon) ambiri a dziko la Aarabu, anali Akhristu. Anthu othawa kwawowa anakhazikika pafupi ndi Bolivar Avenue mumzinda wa Cleveland ndi ku Tremont.
Mtsinje wachiwiri wa Asamariya anafika ku Cleveland pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Israeli mu 1948, ndipo anthu othawa kwawo anali ambiri ku Palestina.
Masiku ano, mzinda wa Arabhu umapezeka m'misika yomwe ili pafupi ndi West Side Market komanso m'mipingo, makamaka St. Maron's pa Carnegie ndi St. George Antiochian Orthodox Church ku Tremont.