Kuwonanso Kwatsopano pa Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse
Zojambula Zodabwitsa
Nyuzipepala ya Great War (Le Musée de la Grande Guerre) inakhazikitsidwa pa 11am Lachisanu November 11, 2011, nthawi ndi nthawi yovuta. Zimasonyeza zikondwerero za chikumbutso chakumapeto kwa nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse pa Lachisanu 11th, 1945, pamene Armistice inasaina pakati pa Germany ndi Allies. Anthu ofuna chidwi pa nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse ayenera kuyesa ku Compiègne ku Picardy kuti akaone malo abwino kwambiri ndi Chikumbutso cha Asilikali omwe nkhondoyo inatha ndipo kumene ankhondo anasaina - m'galimoto yakale.
Msonkhanowu waukulu, kusakanikirana kwa zinthu pafupifupi 50,000 ndi zolemba, unasonkhanitsidwa ndi munthu mmodzi, wodziphunzitsa yekha payekha komanso wodziwa pa nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse, Jean-Pierre Verney. Poyambira kusonkhanitsa kwake kumapeto kwazaka za m'ma 1960, cholinga cha Verney chinali kunena za anthu a nthawiyo. Anapezedwa ndi boma la Meaux m'chaka cha 2005 ndipo ndi limodzi la zopambana kwambiri ku Ulaya.
Nkhondo Yaikulu mu Kuwala Kwatsopano
Kuwonjezera pa kumvetsetsa kumene kumapereka m'miyoyo ya anthu omwe adakangana nawo, Nyumba yosungiramo Nkhondo Yaikulu ikuwonetsa momwe moyo ndi zinthu zinasinthira pakati pa nkhondo yoyamba ya Marne mu 1914, mofanana ndi nkhondo ya Franco-Prussia ya 1870, ndi nkhondo yachiwiri ya Marne zaka zinayi pambuyo pake, pamene kupita patsogolo kwa zamisiri kunasintha nkhondo kuchokera pa kuzindikira konse. Zinali, mwanjira iliyonse, mapeto a nthawi yakale ndi kuyamba kwa dziko monga momwe tikudziwira lero.
Kunja kuimirira chipilala cha America cha Liberty mu Mavuto ndi Frederick MacMonnies, omwe adakumbutsidwa kuti akumbukire asilikali omwe adagwa pa nkhondo ziwiri za Marne. Anaperekedwa ku France ndi United States mu 1932.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Amagwiritsa Ntchito Mafuta?
Nkhondo ya Marne inali imodzi mwa ntchito yoyamba pa Nkhondo Yadziko Yonse. Inagonjetsedwa mu September 1914 m'midzi yoyandikana ndi Meaux, patsogolo kutsogolo kuchokera ku Senlis kupita ku Verdun.
Anagonjetsedwa mwamphamvu, makamaka pa nkhondo ya Ourcq. Masiku ano, ma municipalities a Pays de Meaux ndi madera ake (Barcy, Chambry, Chauconin-Neufmontiers, Varreddes, Villeroy, Etrépilly ndi ena) akukumbukirabe ndi manda awo omwe ali ndi manda a nkhondo.
Zimene muyenera kuziwona
Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imapangidwa ngati ulendo kupyolera mu nthawi ndi kufotokozera ziri mu French, Chingerezi ndi German, ndipo ndi zophweka kuyenda ndi kumvetsetsa. Mukuyamba m'dziko lina - m'masiku akutali a kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 ndi 1870 nkhondo ya Franco Prussian, ndikuyendetsanso mpaka 1914. Ndiyang'anitsitsa nthawi yosiyana, ya moyo m'masiku a nyumba zazikulu ndi antchito, zipinda zapasukulu zochepa ndi mafakitale othamangitsidwa ndi amuna omwe amakumana ndi zoopsa tsiku ndi tsiku kuchokera ku makina osateteza - ndipo palibe chitetezo cha anthu.
Gawo lachiwiri, kuyambira mu 1914 mpaka 1918 Nkhondo za Marne, zimagawidwa pa 'grand nef'. Nkhono yayikulu imamanganso malo a nkhondo ndi ngalande ya ku France, ngalande ya German ndi pakati pa malo osaopa anthu. Masewero olimbitsa thupi pa ndege ndi matanki amakufikitsani pamtima.
Gawo lotsiriza limakutengerani kuyambira 1918 mpaka 1939 ndi ziwonetsero zake zonse za chigonjetso, ziyembekezo zonse zazikulu ndi zolephereka poyera zomwe zinayambitsa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse.
Sankhani Njira Yanu
Pali njira ziwiri kudutsa mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Woyamba amatenga mphindi 90; yachiwiri imatenga mwina theka kapena tsiku lonse. Ndibwino kuti mupange nthawi ya ulendo wautali (ndipo mukhoza kudumpha mbali). Pali zambiri zoti muwone apa ndipo sizongokhala chabe; mungathe kununkhira mitengo, gwiritsani ntchito zowonongeka, kuyenda kudutsa mndandanda wa makonzedwe a chipinda mukuyendetsa nkhondo m'nkhaniyi, yang'anani mafilimu ojambula ndi ma 3D, ndikukumva kulira kwa nkhondo.
Mitu Yaikulu
Zitsanzo zimatenga mbali yaikulu ya nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, kuyambira pa nkhondo yatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito chitukuko chomwe chinasintha nkhope ya kumenyana ndi gawo lomwe amayi adagwira nawo pa nkhondoyi. Pali gawo la moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku m'mitsinje, ndi gawo lodzidzimutsa komanso lodziwika bwino lomwe limatchedwa Bodies ndi Souls , kufotokoza momwe chiwawa choopsa kwambiri cha nkhondo chinapititsa patsogolo kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi zamankhwala.
Ma prostheses ndi zipangizo zina zomwe zinapangidwa kuti zikhale zolemala zinali zabwino kwambiri. Mabungwe anakulira, monga Union of Blessés de la Face ndi Mutu (Union of Face ndi Head Wound Sufferers) inakhazikitsidwa mu 1921 ndi anyamata atatu omwe anavulala kwambiri ndi maso omwe anali atatsimikiza kuthandiza amzawo omwe anali osasokonezeka.
United States of America Kuchita nawo nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse
Palinso gawo labwino ku United States of America. The American Expeditionary Force inali yofunika pomaliza kugonjetsa ndipo nkhaniyi ili ndi gawo lapadera lomwe liri ndi msasa wa American.
Moyo wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku
Gawo lophweka kwambiri limachita ndi zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku kuchokera kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa nyumba. Kuyambira ngati njira yolimbana ndi ludzu komanso kuti moyo ukhale wosavuta ndi zinthu monga magetsi ndi nyali za mafuta, zinthuzo zinayamba kukhala 'luso lachitsulo', ntchito zenizeni monga ma mandolins okondweretsa omwe anapangidwa ndi zida za Adrian.
Kodi mumadziwa?
Panali:
- Mayiko 35 omwe akuchita nawo nkhondoyi
- Amuna oposa 70 miliyoni adasonkhana
- Asilikali okwana 9 miliyoni afa, kuphatikizapo 1,412,000 kuchokera ku France
- Anthu oposa 13 miliyoni aphedwa ndi chiwawa cha ku Armenia, njala, chiwopsezo cha ku Spain, kupatulapo ozunzidwa ndi nkhondo
Chidziwitso Chothandiza
Route de Varreddes
Meaux
Seine-et-Marne
Tel: 00 33 (0) 1 60 32 14 18
Website
Kuloledwa
Makampani akuluakulu 10; ophunzira osapitirira zaka 26, okalamba oposa zaka 65, zida zankhondo, asilikali ankhondo 7 euro; ali ndi zaka zoposa 18; ufulu kwa ana osachepera zaka zisanu ndi zitatu, aphunzitsi ndi osungirako zinthu zamaphunziro
Tikiti yabanja: akuluakulu awiri ndi ana awiri ochepera 18 zaka 25 euro
Maulendo ojambula ali mu French, English kapena German
Maola otsegula
May ndi September tsiku lililonse kupatula Lachiwiri 9.30am-6.30pm; October mpaka April tsiku lililonse kupatula Lachiwiri kuyambira 10 am-5.30pm
Lachiwiri lotsekedwa, January 1st, May 1st, December 25
Nyumba yosungirako nyumba ili ndi malo odyetsera zakudya ndi zakumwa zozizwitsa, ndi bukhu labwino ndi malo ogulitsa mphatso
Ulendo Wolimbana ndi Nkhondo
Pali maulendo awiri kapena awiri ndi theka maulendo a nkhondo omwe mungathe kutenga, kuchoka ku Chikumbutso kufikira ku Dead ku Meaux ndikupita kumalo osiyanasiyana kuti mubwerere ku Meaux.
Zosungirako: Seine-et-Marne Tourisme
Tel: 00 33 (0) 1 60 39 60 49
Website
Zambiri pa Ulendowu
Ntchito Patrimoine-Art et Hitoire
19 rue Bossuet
Meaux
Tel: 00 33 (0) 1 64 33 24 23 kapena 00 33 (0) 1 64 33 02 26
Momwe Mungapezere Kudya
Meaux ndi makilomita 42 kum'mawa kwa Paris.
- Ndi galimoto Tengani mtunda wa A4 kuchokera ku Paris ndikutsatira zizindikiro kwa Meaux. Pali paki yaufulu ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale.
- Pa sitima Sitima za Gare de l'Est zimatenga mphindi 30 kupita ku sitima za sitima za Meaux. Kuchokera pa siteshoni mutenge basi M6
Zosangalatsa kuderalo
Kuchokera ku Meaux, pali maulendo atatu omwe ndikupangira. Khalani usiku wonse ndikupanga sabata yabwino kapena sabata 2 mpaka 3 kuchokera ku Paris.
- Reims, likulu la Champagne ndilovuta kuyenda pamsewu wamsewu. Mmodzi mwa makampu okongola kwambiri ku France, otchuka ngati malo amene mafumu a ku France ankakhala nawo kale, ankasungiramo zinthu zakale komanso malo odyera. Werengani zambiri mu Bukhu Langa la Reims. Ndipo fufuzani zokondwerero zapamwamba ku Reims zomwe zikuphatikizapo Museum of Surrender kumene nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse inatha pa Meyi 7, 1945 pa 2.41am.
- Mzinda wamakedzana wa Troyes uli ndi labrynth yabwino kwambiri mumisewu yakale yomwe ili ndi nyumba zambiri, mipingo yakale ndi zokopa. Komanso ili ndi mahoteli awiri okongola kwambiri ku France, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa malo akuluakulu okhudzidwa ndi malo ogulitsa katundu wa ku France. Onani Guide Yanga ku Troyes.
- Pafupi ndi Paris, Chateau ya Fontainebleau imakhala m'nkhalango yodabwitsa kwambiri, kamodzi komwe kunali malo osaka nyama a mafumu a ku France, tsopano ndi tsiku losangalatsa kwambiri.