Sloths ku South America

Mamembala Ochepa Kwambiri Padziko Lapansi

Poyandikana kwambiri ndi armadillos ndi malo odyetserako nyama, malo otchedwa sloths anachokera ku South America m'nyengo yam'mbuyo ya Eocene, "madzulo a moyo waposachedwa," pamene South America "inakhala kunyumba zozizwitsa zozizwitsa, zinyama, mbalame zam'mlengalenga, ndi mbalame zazikulu zopanda ndege (Phorusrachids). " Panali nthawi yoposa 35 mitundu ya sloths, kuyambira Antartica mpaka ku Central America. Tsopano pali mitundu iwiri yokha ndi mitundu isanu yomwe ikukhala m'nkhalango zamkuntho zaku Central ndi South America.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya nsomba ziwiri zam'madzi ku South America - (Choloepus hoffmanni kapena Unau) yomwe imapezeka m'madera odyera kumpoto kwa South America kuchokera ku Ecuador ku Costa Rica, ndi (Choloepus didattylus) ku Brazil. Pali mitundu itatu ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'ono (Bradypus variegatus) m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Ecuador, kudzera ku Columbia ndi Venezuela (kupatula Llanos, ndi mtsinje wa Orinoco), kupitilira kudera lamapiri la Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, kudzera ku Brazil ndipo kufalikira kumpoto kwa Argentina ndi Central America,

Werengani: Nyama za Galapagos

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu, monga kutchulidwa, kumakhala kumaso, kutsogolo kwazomwe awiriwa ali ndi zala zitatu kumapazi awo amphongo, koma si mabanja oyanjana.

Zilonda zakuthamanga zochepa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, zinyama za ku South America ndi anthu okhala mitengo, otetezeka kuchokera kuzilombo zakutchire. Amagwira ntchito zambiri zomwe zimapachikidwa pamtunda. Amadya, amagona, amabala, amabereka, ndipo amachititsa kuti ana awo atayimilira pansi.

Zimatengera iwo pafupi zaka ziwiri ndi theka kukula mpaka kukula, pakati pa mamita awiri ndi theka ndi awiri ndi theka. (Makolo awo, otchedwa Giant Sloth, atakula kukula kwa njovu) Angakhale ndi moyo zaka makumi anayi.

Chifukwa cha "moyo wapansi" umenewu, ziwalo zawo zamkati zili m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Ma sloths ali pang'onopang'ono kwambiri, akusuntha pafupi mamita 53 pa ora.

Mofulumira pamitengo, amatha kuyenda pafupifupi mamita 480 / ora, ndipo pakakhala zoopsa zakhala zikuyenda mamita 900 / ora.

Sloths amakonda njira yopitilirapo ya moyo. Amakhala nthawi yambiri yopumula ndikugona. Usiku, amadya, amatsika pansi kuti asamukire kwinakwake kapena kuti aziwombera, kawirikawiri kamodzi pamlungu.

Ma sloths a South America ndi amphaka ndi kudya masamba a mtengo, amawombera ndi zipatso zina. Mitundu iwiriyi imadya masamba, zipatso, ndi nyama zochepa. Mankhwala awo amatha kuchepa kwambiri, chifukwa cha kayendedwe kabwino kake kagayidwe kake, kowalola kuti apulumuke pa chakudya chochepa. Amachotsa madzi ku mame kapena madzi pamasamba. Mtengo wochepa wa kagayidwe kake kamakhala kovuta kwa iwo kuti amenyane ndi matenda kapena nyengo zozizira.

Zili ndizitali, zokhoma zokhoma zomwe zimawalola kuti agwire nthambi ya mtengo ndikupachika ngakhale pamene akugona. Amagwiritsa ntchito milomo yawo, yomwe ndi yovuta kwambiri, kubzala masamba. Kukula mosalekeza ndi kudzikuza, mano awo akupera chakudya. Angagwiritse ntchito mano awo kuti asokoneze nyama.

Ma sloths amagwiritsa ntchito tsitsi lawo lalitali, lakuda kapena lofiirira, kawirikawiri limaphimbidwa ndi buluu wobiriwira m'nyengo yamvula, monga maonekedwe oteteza. Tsitsi lawo likuwaphimba iwo kuchokera mmimba mpaka kumbuyo, akugwera pa iwo pamene iwo amaimitsa.

Odyerawo amakhala ndi njoka zazikulu, harpy ndi mbalame zina, amagugu ndi ocelots.

Ma sloths a South America ali ndi mitu yaifupi, yopopera pang'ono ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono. Onani zithunzi izi. Kuphatikiza pa chiwerengero cha zala zakutsogolo, pali kusiyana pakati pazinyalala ziwiri ndi zitatu zala:

• Zitsulo ziwiri zazitsulo zili ndi vesi 6 kapena zisanu ndi ziwiri
• Zitsulo ziwiri zazitsulo zilibe michira. Mapazi awo am'mbuyo ndi am'mbuyo ali ofanana kukula
• Nsonga ziwiri zamphongo zili ndi khosi lalifupi, maso aakulu ndipo limayenda pakati pa mitengo
• Nsonga ziwiri zazitsamba si zophweka kupita. Amagwiritsa ntchito mano awo amodzi kuti aziluma.
• Zingwe zitatu zazitali zili ndi vertebra zisanu ndi zinayi
• Zingwe zitatu zazitali zili ndi mchira wawung'ono. Miyendo yawo yakutsogolo ndi yayitali kuposa ya m'mbuyo
• Nsonga zitatu zazitsulo zili ndi khosi lalifupi ndi maso ang'onoang'ono
• Nsomba zitatu zazitali zimakhala zofatsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kulanda ziweto. Tsopano ali pa mndandanda wa zowonongeka.

  Chifukwa chophwanyidwa ndi anthu ndi makina m'nkhalango zam'mwera ku South America, malo otsetsereka, monga zamoyo zina zam'mlengalenga, ali pangozi.