Hetch Hetchy Reservoir: Buku Lophunzitsira

01 ya 05

Zotsogoleredwera ku Hetch Hetchy

Ngati muli pafupi ndi Yosemite ndi wina akuti Hetch Hetchy, iwo samangodula kapena kukuwombera. M'malomwake, akukamba za chigwa chophimbidwa ndi galasi chomwe John Muir, yemwe ndi chilengedwe cha chilengedwe, adamuyitana "mnzake wodabwitsa kwambiri" ku Yosemite Valley.

Mpaka mu 1913, mathithi akugwa pansi m'mphepete mwake mpaka kumtunda. Masiku ano, nyanja imadzaza chigwacho ndipo mathithi amalowa mwachindunji.

Ngati mukuganiza za kuyendera Hetch Hetchy nthawi ya holide ya Yosemite, zotsatirazi, zamwano, ndi malingaliro angakuthandizeni kusankha ngati mungapite.

Chifukwa Chiyani Pitani ku Hetch Hetchy

Malo otchedwa Hetch Hetchy amaikidwa m'manda pansi pa gombe. Ndi pafupifupi theka la maola oyendetsa galimoto kuchokera ku CA Highway 120.

Hetch Hetchy ndi wokongola komanso yosangalatsa, koma sizinthu zapamwamba pa Yosemite. Sikofunikira mtengo wotalika kuti upite kumeneko ngati nthawi yanu ili yochepa. Ngati mukukhala masiku atatu kapena anai kapena kubwereza kubwereza, zingasinthe kusintha kwabwino.

Pa Hetch Hetchy Reservoir, mukhoza kuyenda kudutsa dambo ndikuphunzira zambiri za mbiri ya m'deralo kuchokera ku zizindikiro zosonyeza. Chifukwa cha kumtunda kwake, Hetch Hetchy ili ndi nyengo yotalika kwambiri yopitilira malo m'derali. Mukhoza kuyenda m'njira zingapo, kuyambira mailosi awiri mpaka 13 kutalika.

Mu kasupe, mphukira zakutchire zimaphuka pamsewu. Mapawa a Pamawa amawoneka mosavuta kuchokera kumadzi. Kusodza kumaloledwa chaka chonse ku Hetch Hetchy, ndi chilolezo chovomerezeka cha ku fishing ku California.

Zinyama zimaloledwa pamalo opaka magalimoto okha, pa leash, koma sizingakhoze kuyenda pamsewu kapena dziwe.

02 ya 05

Dambo la O'sughnessy

Mu 1913, pa nthawi yokhayo m'mbiri yake, US adaloleza mzinda umodzi kuti ukhale mbali imodzi ya malo osungirako nyama. Purezidenti Woodrow Wilson anasindikiza Raker Act pa December 19, 1913, zomwe zinalola San Francisco kumanga mudzi ku Hetch Hetchy Valley. Atamaliza mu 1923, Damu la O'Shaughnessy linali lalitali mamita 364. Amatchulidwa kuti ndi injiniya wamkulu wa Project Hetch Hetchy Project.

Nyanja imayenda mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi asanu ndi atatu pamtsinje wa Tuolumne ndipo imakhala madzi a anthu omwe amakhala ku San Francisco, San Mateo, ndi Alameda Counties pafupifupi makilomita 160 kutali.

Hetch Hetchy sali chabe gombe la madzi. Ndilo msana wa kayendedwe ka mphamvu ka San Francisco, kupatsa mphamvu ya hydroelectric kuchokera ku malo okwana anayi.

03 a 05

Wapama Falls

Imodzi mwa malo opambana kwambiri pa Hetch Hetchy, Wapama Falls ndi mthunzi wamtali wa mamita 1,300 womwe umathamanga kwambiri mwamsanga pamene chisanu chimasungunuka. Ndipo imathamangira mwachindunji m'nyanja.

Ngakhale kuti sizimawoneke pamalo ofulumirira pamalo opaka magalimoto komanso mathithi a damTueeulala amatha kulowa m'nyanja.

04 ya 05

Kupita ku Hetch Hetchy: Mapu

Malo otchedwa Hetch Hetchy Valley ndi malo osungiramo zachilengedwe a Yosemite ali pafupi mamita 3,800, kumbali yakum'mawa kwa paki, pafupi ndi mtunda wa makilomita makumi asanu ndi awiri kum'maŵa kwa Big Oak Flat entrance kwa Yosemite. Mutha kuona komwe kuli pa mapu a Yosemite.

Kuti mufike ku Hetch Hetchy, mukuyenera kuchoka ku Yosemite National Park ndikukonzanso. Tengani CA Highway 120 kuchokera ku paki kupita ku Groveland. Kuchokera mumsewu waukulu, ndi pafupi ndi mphindi 20 mpaka 25 kupita ku malo osungirako magalimoto.

Theka la ola loyenda kupita ku Hetch Hetchy kuchokera ku CA Highway 120 limayambira kunja kwa malire a paki. Amadutsa Camp Mather, kampu yomanga ku Dambo la OShaughnessy, limene - chifukwa dzikoli liri la mzinda - tsopano ndi malo a mzinda wa San Francisco.

Kuchokera kumeneko, msewu umatsata mtsinje wa Tuolumne, ukuyenda pamwamba pa Poopenaut Valley kupita ku malo osungirako magalimoto ndi malo osungirako zachipululu. Kuti muyambe kupita ku Hetch Hetchy, mulole maola 1.5 kuti mupite ulendo wopita ku msewu waukulu.

Magalimoto oposa mamita makumi asanu ndi atatu amaletsedwa pamsewu wopapatiza, wodutsa womwe ukupita ku Hetch Hetchy.

05 ya 05

Hetch Hetchy Valley Pamaso pa Dam

Chojambula ichi cha Albert Bierstadt - ngakhale kuti chiri choyenera - chimakupatsani chidziwitso chomwe chigwacho chinkawoneka ngati chisanafike, komanso momwe chikawonekera ngati chibwezeretsedwa ku chikhalidwe chawo.

Nkhondo Yofunika Kusunga Hetch Hetchy

Mu 1870, John Muir, yemwe ndi katswiri wa zachilengedwe, anatcha Hetch Hetchy Valley "wodabwitsa kwambiri wa Yosemite." Pamene chiwonongeko Mtsinje wa Tuolumne ku Hetch Hetchy Valley choyamba chinakonzedwa, chinatsutsidwa kwambiri ndi Muir. Iye adatchulidwa ndi Sierra Club ndipo ena akunena kuti: "Dambo la Hetch Hetchy! Ngakhalenso dothi la akasinja a madzi makampita a anthu ndi mipingo, pakuti kachisi wopanda kachisi adakonzedweratu ndi mtima wa munthu."

Muir ndi anzake adagonjetsa nkhondo yoopsa, yomalizira mu moyo wa Muir (anamwalira mu 1914), koma anataya. Nyanja ya Hetch Hetchy inamira nyanja. Ngakhale lero, ena amatsutsa kupezeka kwake ndikuyesera kuchotsa. Werengani maganizo awo.

Patatha zaka zana, mtsutsano ukugwedezeka. Mu 1987, Mlembi wa Zachilengedwe Donald Hodel adapempha dongosolo lokonzanso Hetch Hetchy Valley. The Sierra Club imathandizira kupitirizabe kugwetsa dziwe ndi kubwezeretsanso chigwachi, ndipo bungwe la Kubwezeretsa Hetch Hetchy lili ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi mkhalidwe wamakono, zoona zokhudzana ndi nthano komanso njira zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito malingaliro anu.