Kamehameha Wamkulu, 1795-1819

Pambuyo pogonjetsa Oahu ku Nkhondo ya Nuuu, Kamehameha Wamkulu adakhalabe pa Oahu, akukonzekera kutenga Kauai ndi Ni'ihau. Komabe, nyengo yovuta kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1796 inalepheretsa mapulaneti ake kuti apulumuke ndi kupanduka ku chilumba chachikulu cha Hawaii adamuuza kuti abwerere ku chilumba chake.

Atazindikira kuopsa kochoka kwa Oahu kumbuyo, adalangizidwa kuti abwere nawo pamene adabwerera ku Island of Hawaii, ndikusiya anthu omwe amakhulupirira kuti aziyang'anira chilumbachi.

Kupandukira ku Hawaii kunatsogoleredwa ndi Namakeha, mchimwene wa Kaiana, mtsogoleri wa Kauai. Nkhondo yomaliza ya moyo wa Kamehameha inachitikira pafupi ndi Hilo, pachilumba cha Hawaii mu January 1797 pomwe Namakeha adagwidwa ndi kupereka nsembe.

Kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zotsatira, Kamehameha adatsalira pachilumba cha Hawaii. Izi zinali zaka zamtendere, komabe Kamehameha adakonza zoti apange Kauai, akumanga ngalawa zomwe zingathe kulimbana ndi mayendedwe amphamvu a msewu pakati pa Oahu ndi Kauai. Mothandizidwa ndi aphungu ake akunja omwe amamukhulupirira, Kamehameha adatha kumanga zombo zamakono zamakono komanso zida zamakono, kuphatikizapo ziphuphu.

Mu 1802, sitimazo zinachoka ku Island of Hawaii ndipo zitatha chaka chonse ku Maui, anapita ku Oahu mu 1803, kukonzekera kuukira kwa Kauai. Matenda owopsa kwambiri, omwe sanakhazikitsidwe, koma makamaka cholera kapena chiwindi cha typhoid, anagunda Oahu, chifukwa cha imfa ya atsogoleri ndi asilikali ambiri.

Kamehameha nayenso anagwidwa ndi matenda koma adapulumuka. Komabe, kuukira kwa Kauai kunabwereranso.

Kwa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zotsatira za ulamuliro wake, Kamehameha adapitirizabe kugonjetsa Kauai, kugula sitima zambiri zakunja. Komabe, Kauai sankayenera kugonjetsedwa. Chilumbacho chinabweretsedwa mu Ufumu, kupyolera mu mgwirizano wogwirizana womwe unabwera ndi msonkhano wa maso ndi maso pakati pa wolamulira wolamulira wa Kauai, Kaumualii, ndi Kamehameha ku Oahu mu 1810.

Pomalizira pake, Hawaii inali ufumu umodzi, pansi pa ulamuliro wa Kamehameha I.

Zaka Zakale za Kulamulira

Kumayambiriro kwa ulamuliro wake, Kamehameha anadzizungulira ndi gulu la alangizi omwe anali ndi mafumu asanu omwe adathandizira kwambiri kugonjetsa ku Hawaii. Iwo anafunsidwa pa nkhani zambiri za boma. Komabe, pamene anafa ana awo sanalandire mphamvu zawo. Kamehameha pang'onopang'ono anakhala mtsogoleri wamkulu.

Kamehameha anali wonyada chifukwa cha maubwenzi ake amphamvu kwa a British. Chikoka champhamvu cha boma la Britain chikuwonetsedwa mu boma lalikulu lomwe linakhazikitsidwa ndi Kamehameha. Anasankha mfumu yachinyamata, dzina lake Kalanimoku, kuti akhale mtsogoleri wake.

Kalanimoku adatchedwa William Pitt, Pulezidenti Wa Chingerezi, ndipo adatumikira Kamehameha kukhala Pulezidenti, Msonkho, ndi mlangizi wamkulu. Kuwonjezera apo, Kamehameha anasankha bwanamkubwa kuti akhale omemira pa chilumba chilichonse, popeza sanathe kukhalapo nthawi zonse. Chokhacho chinali Kauai, chomwe chinaloledwa kuti chikhalebe ufumu wokhotakhota umene adazindikira Kamehameha kukhala wolamulira.

Mabwanamkubwawa adasankhidwa chifukwa cha kukhulupirika ndi luso kusiyana ndi udindo uliwonse. Kuwonjezera apo, okhometsa misonkho adasankhidwa kuti alembe ndalama zochuluka zothandizira mfumu ndi khoti lake.

Kuyang'ana pa Flag la Hawaii, lomwe liri lero ndi State Flag of Hawaii, limasonyeza ubale wapadera pakati pa Great Britain ndi Hawaii.

Kwa anthu, ichi sichinali dongosolo latsopano la boma. Iwo anali atakhala kale ndi anthu amantha, kumene malo anali a atsogoleri olamulira ndi kumene chikhalidwe cha kapu chinachitidwa ndi pafupifupi mbali iliyonse ya moyo wa Hawaii. Kamehameha adagwiritsa ntchito kapu pofuna kulimbikitsa ulamuliro wake.

Kamehameha amalumikizana ndi zilumbazi ndipo adadzikhazikitsa yekha kukhala wolamulira wamkulu. Mwa kusunga mafumu ena pafupi naye nthawi zonse, ndikupatsanso malo awo pazilumba zingapo, adaonetsetsa kuti palibe zopanduka zomwe zingachitike.

Kamehameha adakhalanso wokhulupirika kwa milungu yake. Pamene ankamvetsera nkhani za Mulungu wachikhristu kuchokera kwa alendo omwe anapita ku khoti, anali milungu ya cholowa chake chomwe iye anachilemekeza.

Zaka Zamtendere

Kamehameha adatsalira ku Oahu mpaka chilimwe cha 1812, atabwerera ku chigawo cha Kona cha Big Island ku Hawaii. Izi zinali zaka za mtendere. Kamehameha ankagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake nsomba, kumanganso heiaus (akachisi) ndikugwira ntchito yolima ulimi.

M'zaka zimenezi, malonda akunja anapitirizabe kuwonjezeka. Malonda anali mfumu yodzilamulira yekha ndipo Kamehameha ankakonda kutenga nawo mbali. Anakondwera kuchita ndi oyendetsa sitimayo ndi zogulitsa.

Monga zinalembedwa ndi Richard Wisniewksi m'buku lake, The Rise and Fall of the Hawaiian Kingdom:

"Kuphatikiza kwa Hawaii Islands ndi Kamehameha mu ufumu umodzi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zinachitika mu mbiri ya ku Hawaii. Zinthu zitatu zofunika zomwe zinapangitsa kuti izi zitheke: 1) alendo omwe ali ndi zida zawo, malangizo ndi thandizo lothandizira: 2) Kuperewera kwake kwa mafuko osiyana kumakhala ndi kukhulupirika kwakukulu kwa mafuko, ndipo mwinamwake chofunika kwambiri; 3) umunthu wa Kamehameha.

"Wolemekezeka komanso wophunzitsidwa kutsogoleredwa, Kamehameha anali ndi makhalidwe onse a mtsogoleri wamphamvu. Wamphamvu mwakhama, wosasamala, wopanda mantha komanso wokhala ndi maganizo okhwima, iye adalimbikitsidwa mosavuta mwa otsatira ake. Ngakhale anali wankhanza mu nkhondo, anali wokoma mtima ndi wokhululuka pamene Iye anagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zatsopano ndi malingaliro atsopano kuti apititse patsogolo zofuna zake zokha.Adamvetsa ubwino woperekedwa ndi alendo ndikuwagwiritsira ntchito pomutumikira koma sanathe kugonjetsedwa. ndi mphamvu ya mkati, iye anagwira ufumu wake palimodzi mpaka masiku otsiriza a moyo wake. "

Mu April 1819, Spaniard Don Francisco de Paula y Marin anaitanidwa ku Chilumba Chachikulu cha Hawaii.

Marin anali atapita kudziko lonse, kuchokera ku Spain kupita ku Mexico, kupita ku California ndipo kenako ku Hawaii, komwe amatchedwa kuti akudzala nanaanini yoyamba kuzilumbazi.

Mwamaganizo mwa Chisipanishi, Chifalansa, ndi Chingerezi, Marin anatumikira Kamehameha monga womasulira komanso woyang'anira malonda. Marin anali ndi chidziwitso chofunikira cha mankhwala

Palibe mankhwala amasiku ano kapena mphamvu zachipembedzo ndi zamankhwala za kahunas zomwe zinathetsa vuto la Kamehameha, amene adadwala.

Pa May 8, 1819, King Kamehameha I wa Unified Nation wa Hawaii anamwalira.

Apanso, monga adalembedwa ndi Richard Wisniewksi m'buku lake, The Rise and Fall of the Hawaiian Kingdom:

"Monga mawu a imfa ya mfumu adafikira anthu, chisoni chachikulu chinagwera pa iwo. Monga umboni wa chisoni, iwo omwe ankakhala nawo pafupi ndi mfumu anawonjezera chisoni chawo mwa kudzipukuta, monga kugogoda mano amodzi kapena kutsogolo.

Koma zina mwa zowopsya kwambiri zitsanzo zachisoni monga kudzipha, pang'onopang'ono zinatha chifukwa chokhudzidwa ndi chikhalidwe cha mlendo. Kupatulapo nsembe yaumunthu, yomwe Kamehameha adailetsa pamtanda wake wakufa, miyambo yakale inkaonedwa kwa mfumu yakufa. Pa nthawi yoyenera, mafupa anali obisika ndipo malo awo sanaululidwe. "

Lero mukhoza kuona zithunzi zojambula za Kamehameha Great - Honolulu ku Oahu, Hilo ndi Kapaau ku Hawaii Island ndi Washington DC ku Emancipation Hall ku US Capitol Visitor Center.