Ziŵerengero zimasonyeza kuti chiwawa chikufala, koma sichikupha.
Mmawa wa Lamlungu, pa 12 Juni, munthu wina wothamanga adalowa m'chipinda cha usiku ku Orlando, Fla., Ndipo anayamba chomwe chinali choopsa kwambiri cha mfuti m'mbiri yamakono ya America. Pamene zinthu zinatha, anthu 49 anaphedwa, ndipo ambiri anavulala.
Ngakhale kuti chiwawa chitha kuphulika paliponse padziko lapansi , kuwombera misala ndi chinthu chapadera chomwe chikuwoneka chikukhudza United States kuposa malo ena onse padziko lapansi.
Kuukira uku nthawi zambiri kumabwera ndi chenjezo laling'ono ndipo kungawoneke kukhala loletsedwa kwathunthu. Ndili ndi alendo ambiri omwe akuyendetsedwa kuti ayende chaka chino, kodi ulendo wa pakhomo ndi woopsa kwambiri kusiyana ndi maulendo apadziko lonse?
Ziribe kanthu komwe anthu amasiku ano amapita, zinthu zabwino zomwe anganyamula ndizodziwitsa ndi kudziwa. Mayankho otsatirawa kuti ayankhe mafunso ena omwe amafunsidwa za nkhanza za mfuti ku United States.
Kodi Ndi Anthu Angati Amaphedwa ndi Mfuti ku United States Chaka chilichonse?
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2013 a Centers for Control Disease Control, anthu 11,208 ku United States anaphedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida. Chifukwa cha kudzipha, 69.5 peresenti anamaliza kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti.
CDC inapeza kuti anthu 33,636 anaphedwa ndi mfuti ku United States nthawi yomweyo. Poona kuti chiwerengero cha Amereka chiwerengero, anthu 10.6 pa 100,000 anaphedwa ndi mfuti chaka chonse.
Mwa mitundu yonse ya anthu ovulala, zida zankhanza zidalembedwa ndi 17.4 peresenti ya anthu omwe anafa.
Komabe, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe anapha mfuti mu 2013 chinali chocheperapo kuposa mitundu ina yowonongeka ku United States. Panthawi yomweyi, anthu ambiri anafa ndi ngozi zamoto (anthu okwana 33,804) komanso chifukwa cha poizoni (48,545).
Kodi Mipingo Yambiri Imachitika Bwanji ku United States chaka chilichonse?
Mwamwayi, palibe yankho lomveka bwino loti pali kuwombera mowirikiza ndi zochitika zoterezi zomwe zikuchitika ku United States. Pambuyo pake, mabungwe osiyanasiyana ali ndi matanthawuzo otsutsana a zomwe zikuyenerera pa chochitika chilichonse.
Malingana ndi kafukufuku wa Federal Bureau of Investigation ku United States Pakati pa 2000 ndi 2013 , kutanthauzira kotanthauzira kumatanthauzidwa monga: "munthu amene amachita nawo mwakhama kupha kapena kuyesa kupha anthu m'dera lotsekedwa ndi anthu." Malinga ndi nkhani ya 2014, 160 "zochitika zowonongeka" zinachitika pakati pa 2000 ndi 2013, pafupifupi pafupifupi 11 pa chaka. Ponseponse "zochitika zothamanga", anthu okwana 486 anaphedwa, pafupifupi anthu atatu pa chochitikacho.
Komabe, mndondomeko yotchedwa Gun Violence Archive, yomwe imasungidwa ndi a non-for-profit corporation, imati pali anthu oposa 350 omwe akuwombera mfuti ku United States mu 2015. Gululi limatanthauzira "kuwombera" monga chochitika anthu anayi amafa kapena kuvulala, kuphatikizapo wolakwira. Malingana ndi deta yawo, anthu 368 anaphedwa mu 2015 "zochitika zowononga", pamene 1,321 anavulala.
Kodi Kuwombera Kwambiri Kuchitika Ku America?
Pazaka zapitazi, zochitika zazikuluzikulu zokuwombera zakhala zikuchitika m'madera okwezeka kwambiri omwe poyamba sankaganiziridwa kuti akuwombera. Masewera a masewera, malo ogula masitolo, ndi masukulu onse akhala akukonzekera kwa otsutsa zaka zingapo zapitazi.
Malinga ndi National Consortium for Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) Global Terrorism Database ku yunivesite ya Maryland, zochitika zowononga kwambiri ku United States zinkafuna nzika zapadera ndi katundu. Zochitika zoposa 90 pakati pa 1970 ndi 2014 zokhudzana ndi mfuti yowunikira anthu, zomwe zimapanga zochitika zowononga kwambiri. Amalonda (monga malo odyera masewera ndi malo owonetsera mafilimu) anali ofunika kwambiri, ndipo anali ndi zochitika 84 pazaka 44 za kafukufuku. Kuphatikizapo zolinga zisanu zapamwamba zikuphatikizapo apolisi (zochitika 63), zolinga za boma (zochitika 24), ndi zochitika zazandale (zochitika 21).
Ngakhale kuti mipando ya maphunziro inali pandandanda, mipukutu yokha ndi imene inayikira pakati pa 1970 ndi 2014. Komabe, anthu omwe ali kusukulu anali ena mwa anthu omwe amawapha kwambiri, pamene START akulongosola kuwombera kwa Columbine High School ngati kuphedwa koopsa kwambiri pazinthu zawo. Siphatikizidwe ndi kuwombera pansi kwa Sandy Hook Elementary School ya 2012, popeza START sankatiyenerera kuti adziwe.
Kuonjezera apo, mndandanda wa zolembazi unanenapo zochitika 18 zowononga zokhudzana ndi zochotsa mimba ku United States. Ngakhale kuti 2015 adalemba mfuti zomwe zapezeka pa malo oyendetsera kayendedwe ka Transportation Security , zochitika zisanu ndi chimodzi zokha zowombera zinachitikira pa ndege. Anthu okaona malo ankawombera m'magulu anayi.
Kodi United States Ikufananitsa Bwanji ndi Dziko Powononga Zochitika?
Apanso, n'zovuta kufanizitsa dziko la United States ndi mayiko ena chifukwa cha zochitika zambiri zowononga, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa deta yomwe ilipo. Komabe, maphunziro angapo athandiza kupanga lingaliro la momwe ndi kuwombera misala kumachitika padziko lapansi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku wochokera ku State University of New York ku Oswego ndi University of Texas State, nyuzipepala ya Wall Street Journal inamaliza kuti panali 133 "zochitika zowononga misala" ku United States pakati pa 2000 ndi 2014, zosawerengeka zowonjezera "zochitika zotsutsa" zomwe zatchulidwa ndi FBI nthawi yomweyo.
Chofunika kwambiri, chiwerengero cha kuwombera misala ku United States komwe anapeza ndi ochita kafukufuku anaposa kuposa malo ena onse padziko lapansi. Dziko la Germany linali mtundu wapafupi kwambiri ku America chifukwa cha kuwombera anthu ambirimbiri, ndi zochitika zisanu ndi chimodzi pa nthawi yofufuza. Dziko lonse lapansi linangokhala ndi kuwombera misala 33, ndi United States kuposa dziko lonse lapansi pakuwombera ndi chiŵerengero chayi ndi chimodzi.
Komabe, kuwombera kumeneku kumene kunapha anthu pafupifupi 100,000 mwa anthu sikunali ku United States. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti Norway anapeza anthu ambirimbiri omwe anaphedwa kwambiri, ndipo anthu 1.3 anafa pa 100,000 peresenti yokha. Dziko la Finland ndi Switzerland linapezako kuwombera koopsa kwa anthu 100,000 kuposa United States, ngakhale kuti ndi zochitika ziwiri ndi imodzi, motero.
Chidziwitso cha bungwe la Crime Prevention Resource Center, bungwe lopanda phindu lochokera ku Washington, DC, linapeza zotsatira zofanana ndi izi: Kuwombera kwakukulu ku United States sikunali koopsa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chiwerengero cha anthu onse. Poyerekeza ndi United States motsutsana ndi Canada ndi European Union, America ndi khumi mwa magawo khumi akupha anthu ambiri, omwe ali ndi anthu0089 omwe adafa ndi miliyoni mamiliyoni ambiri.
Poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa zochitika zowononga mowirikiza kwa anthu, United States ndiyoyikidwa pa 12 pa dziko lapansi ndi kuwombera anthu0078 kwa anthu miliyoni imodzi ku United States. Deta yawo imasonyeza kuti Makedoniya, Albania, ndi Serbia ndikumenyedwa kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri, mitu iliyonse pamwambapa .28 zochitika pa 100,000.
Kodi Ndingakonzekere Bwanji Vuto Loti Ndisamuke?
Musanayambe ulendo wotsatira, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe oyendayenda angakwanitse kukonzekera zochitika zovuta kwambiri. Choyamba, iwo akupita kunja akuyenera kulingalira kupanga kapangidwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka katundu. Chida cholimba chophatikizirapo chikuphatikizapo mapepala ofunikira ( kuphatikizapo pasipoti ), nambala zokhudzana ndi kuthawa, chidziwitso cha ulendo, ndi nambala yothandizira mwadzidzidzi.
Kenaka, iwo akuchoka ku United States ayenera kuganizira zolembera Pulogalamu Yowunikira Otsata Ophunzira (STEP). Ngakhale pali malo ambiri omwe Ambassy ku United States sangathe kuthandizira apaulendo , pulogalamu ya STEP ikhoza kuchenjeza anthu omwe akuyenda nawo mwadzidzidzi, kuwalola kuti achitepo kanthu kuti asunge chitetezo chawo.
Pomalizira, oyendayenda ayenera kulingalira kupanga mapulani a chitetezo asanafike mpaka pofika kumene akupita. Akuluakulu apolisi amalangiza kuti omwe akugwiriridwa ayenera kutsatira njira zinayi: kuthamanga, kubisa kapena kumenyana, ndi kuwauza. Potsata ndondomekoyi, iwo omwe adzipeza okha pakati pa zochitika angathe kuwonjezera mwayi wawo wopulumuka.
Ngakhale kuti palibe amene ayenera kugwidwa mu moyo-kapena-imfa, kukonzekera patsogolo kungatanthauze kusiyana pakati pa kupulumuka ndi kukhala wozunzidwa. Podziwa komwe ndikuwombera misala komanso momwe anthu ambiri amawombera, oyendayenda amatha kukhala maso, ndikusunga ndondomeko ya chitetezo ngakhale atapita kuti.