N'zotheka, koma sizingatheke.
Malingana ndi World Health Organization (WHO), pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu padziko lapansi ali ndi kachilombo ka Mycobacterium tuberculosis , mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa chifuwa chachikulu cha TB (TB), ngakhale kuti onsewa sakhala ndi matendawa.
Kuyenda kwa ndege kwachititsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti mabakiteriya ochititsa matenda afalikire. Popeza chifuwa chachikulu chikufalikira pamadzi otsetsereka, kaŵirikaŵiri amapangidwa kudzera mukukanganitsa kapena kupopera, anthu omwe amakhala pafupi ndi munthu amene akuyenda ndi matenda oopsa akhoza kukhala pangozi.
Komabe, malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), simungathe kudwala chifuwa chachikulu pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, komanso simungapeze chifuwa chachikulu pogwirana manja, kumpsompsona munthu amene ali ndi TB kapena kudya chakudya amene ali ndi TB.
Ngakhale anthu ena okwera ndege akuyang'aniridwa kale ndi chifuwa chachikulu, ambiri sali. Kawirikawiri, anthu okwera ndege omwe amachoka kwawo, ophunzira pa ma visa, othaŵa kwawo, asilikali ndi mabanja omwe amabwera kuchokera kudziko lakutali, ofunafuna chitetezo komanso alendo omwe akhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali amafufuzidwa chifukwa cha chifuwa chachikulu cha TB. Ambiri amalonda ndi ochita zosangalatsa sayenera kufufuzidwa ndi chifuwa chachikulu, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti oyendayenda omwe sakudziwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena amene akudziwa kuti ali ndi kachilomboka ndikuyenda nthawi zina akhoza kufalitsa mabakiteriya kwa anthu omwe akhala pafupi nawo.
Mwamtheradi, oyendayenda omwe amadziwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo sayenera kuyenda ndi mpweya mpaka atapatsidwa chithandizo kwa matendawa kwa milungu iwiri.
Komabe, pangakhale vuto lina limene oyendayenda sankadziwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo kapena adzidziŵa, sanayambe mankhwala, ndipo adathawa.
Malingana ndi bungwe la WHO, palibe vuto lofalitsa chifuwa chachikulu cha TB chimachitika panthawi yomwe okwera nthawi yonse yomwe amatha kukwera ndege, kuphatikizapo kuchedwa kwa nthawi komanso nthawi yopulumukira, inali maola osachepera asanu ndi atatu.
Kuchulukitsa anthu odwala chifuwa cha chifuwa cha chifuwa cha TB kumakhalanso kochepa kwambiri kumadera omwe ali pafupi ndi odwala omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, komwe kumakhala mzere wa odwala, mizere iwiri kumbuyo ndi mizere iwiri kutsogolo. Ngozi ya matenda imachepetsedwa ngati ndege yowonongeka kwa ndege ikuwombedwa panthawi yomwe ikuchedwa kuchepa kwa theka la ora kapena theka.
Bungwe la WHO silinena kuti chiwopsezo chinawonjezeka kwa anthu okwera ndege omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha TB .
Pazochitika zowoneka bwino, ndege idzakhala ndi mauthenga odziwa zambiri kwa munthu aliyense ndipo idzatha kugwirizana ndi akuluakulu a zaumoyo ngati zidziwitso za okwera ndege zikufunika. Zoona, zingakhale zovuta kufufuza anthu onse omwe angakhale pangozi. WHO imalimbikitsa akuluakulu a zaumoyo kuti azindikire ndikudziwitsa anthu omwe amakhala pafupi ndi munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka, kaya wodutsayo atatsimikizika kuti ali ndi kachilomboka panthawi yomwe akuthawa kapena atatenga kachilomboka mkati mwa miyezi itatu isanachitike.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Ngati dokotala akukuuzani kuti muli ndi chifuwa chachikulu ndipo musamawuluke, khalani kunyumba. Mudzaika anthu ena pangozi ngati mukuuluka musanagwire ntchito.
Mukhoza kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito maulendo ang'onoang'ono (osachepera asanu ndi atatu).
Kupereka chidziwitso cholondola, chodziwika bwino kwa ndege yanu komanso kwa ogwira ntchito zamtundu ndi aboma kudzathandiza akuluakulu a zaumoyo kuti adziwane nanu ngati akudziwiratu kuti mukudwala matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito chifuwa chanu. Ngati mwayitanidwa ndi ndege yanu kapena ogwira ntchito zamakampani chifukwa chapezeka ndi TB, nthawi yomweyo pitani kuonana ndi dokotala wanu ndikuumiriza kuti muyesedwe kachilombo ka HIV pa nthawi yoyenera.
Ngati mukufuna kudzachezera malo omwe chifuwa chachikulu chikufala, kambiranani ndi ndondomeko yanu ndi dokotala musanayambe ulendo wanu. Mwinakwake mukufuna kuti dokotala wanu akuwonetseni kuti mutha kuchipatala masabata asanu ndi atatu kapena khumi mutabwerera kwanu.
Zotsatira:
Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Ma CDC Health Information for International Travel 2008 ("Yellow Book"). Inapezeka pa March 20, 2009. http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/yellowbook-2012-home.htm
Chifuwa cha TB ndi Kuyenda kwa Air: Malangizo Othandizira Kupewa ndi Kuteteza. Kope lachitatu. Geneva: Bungwe la World Health Organization; 2008. 2, chifuwa cha TB pa ndege. Inapezeka pa October 20, 2016. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK143710/
Bungwe la World Health Organization. Anapezeka pa March 20, 2009. Chifuwa cha TB ndi Kuyenda kwa Air: Malangizo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kudzetsa, Kukambidwa Kwachiwiri, 2006.