Chaka chilichonse timakondwerera Tsiku la Dziko lapansi pa April 22. Ndi mwayi wosonyeza kuyamikira kwathu chilengedwe ndikuphunzira momwe tingatetezere. Jeff Campbell, mlembi wa Last of the Giants: Kukwera ndi kugwa kwa Zopambana kwambiri zapadziko lapansi , zimagawana nzeru zake za Tsiku la Earth.
Kodi Tsiku la Dziko lapansi ndi chiyani chomwe chiri chothandiza kukulitsa chidwi?
Tsiku la Dziko linayamba mu 1970, ndipo loyambalo likuyamikiridwa ndi kuthandizira kuyambitsa kayendedwe ka zachilengedwe masiku ano.
M'zaka za m'ma 1960, tinkangokhalira kuwonongeka kwa mafakitale m'miyoyo yathu. Lero, ife timatenga zovuta zambiri zachilengedwe kuyambira nthawi imeneyo mopepuka. Tikuyembekeza kukhala ndi madzi oyera kuti timwe ndikuyeretsa mpweya, ndipo ndizopweteka pamene sitimatero.
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Mitundu Yowopsya ya Zopatsirizidwanso inaperekedwanso panthawiyi. Chinthu chimodzi chomwe Tsiku la Dziko lapansi chinatithandiza kudzudzula ife mpaka momwe tinakhudzira nyama zakutchire. Pofika zaka za m'ma 1970, mphungu yamphongo inali pafupi ku America, ndipo chiwombankhanga chimasintha ndi imodzi mwa nkhani zazikulu zopambana. Koma zoona zake n'zakuti, zinyama zakutchire zikuvutika kwambiri lero kuposa momwe zinalili masiku ano. Tikukumana ndi mavuto aakulu padziko lonse lapansi omwe amatha kuthawa, makamaka chifukwa chakukhudza kwathu pa dziko lapansi. Zomwe timakhudzidwa pa zinyama zimaphatikizapo zambiri kuposa kungoipitsa, ndipo zovuta zimakonzedwa. Komabe tifunika kuteteza ndi kukonzanso chipululu monga chofunika kwambiri monga kukhala ndi madzi oyera ndi mpweya.
Ngati zamoyo sizikwaniritsa zinyama zakutchire, ndiye kuti tsiku lidzafika pamene zamoyo sizidzatilimbitsa.
Kodi pali zinthu zomwe anthu angachite pa Tsiku la Padziko lapansi kuti athandize dziko lathuli?
Ndikuganiza kuti Tsiku la Dziko lapansi ndizofukwa zabwino zokondwerera dziko lapansi lodabwitsa, ndikuyang'aniranso chithunzithunzi chotchuka cha Padziko lapansi ngati mabulosi akuluakulu a buluu atapachikidwa mu mdima wa malo.
Ndi mphindi yakuyamikira moyo, miyoyo yathu ndi moyo womwe, chomwe ndi chinsinsi komanso chozizwitsa. Kwa ine, ndikokwanira, ndipo ngati izo zinali chizoloŵezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku, ndiye funso la zomwe tifunikira kuchita kuti tisamalire dziko lathu ndi kuchita mwachifundo kwa zamoyo zonse zidzayankha. Pali zambirimbiri zomwe tingachite pa moyo wathu wa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo ambiri amawunikira ku chikhalidwe cha chipululu: tsatirani mopepuka ndipo musachoke m'mbuyo.
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Kodi anthu angaphunzire chiyani kuchokera ku zinyama?
Chabwino, sindingathe kuyankhula kwa ena, koma imodzi mwa maphunziro ozama omwe ndaphunzira mwa kufufuza mabuku awiri omalizawa ndi kuchuluka kwa zinyama zambiri, makamaka ziweto zazikulu, komanso zolengedwa zonse zimadalira wina ndi mzake. Izi ndi zowona payekha payekha komanso mitundu. Nyama nthawi zambiri zimakhala zanzeru kuposa momwe timaganizira, ndipo zimatha zambiri kuposa momwe timadziwira; Kugawana miyoyo yathu ndi nyama ndi dalitso komanso phindu limene timadalira. Ndipo izi zikuwoneka kuti ndi momwe chilengedwe chinapangidwira. Moyo wonse umadalirana, ndipo izi zimaphatikizapo ife. Pamene zachilengedwe zimakhala zathanzi komanso zowonjezereka, zimathandizira zamoyo zonse, kuyambira zazikulu mpaka zochepa kwambiri.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, chinthu china chimene ndaphunzira ndi chakuti timanyalanyaza kugwirizana kumeneku ndi zovuta pavuto lathu.
Kodi tingaphunzire chiyani ngati anthu pophunzira zamoyo zakale?
Tingaphunzire ku zolakwa zathu, chifukwa chimodzi. Mfundo imodzi yomwe ndikuyesera kuti ikhale Yotsirizira pa Giants ndi yakuti, zaka mazana asanu zapitazi, nkhani zowonongeka ndi nkhani zowonongeka zowonongeka zimakhala zofanana ndizo nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Kapena, iwo adzakhala nkhani yomweyo ngati sitichita chilichonse mosiyana. Ngati, titi, timakonda kukhala ndi akambuku ndi njenjete ndi njovu m'dziko lathu lapansi, ndipo tikufuna kuti asapezeke kukhala nkhani yowonjezereka monga aurochs kapena moa, ndiye tikuyenera kusintha. Tiyenera kuwongolera zomwe zasweka. Tiyenera kuzindikira zotsatira zathu, tiwone zomwe nyama zakutchire zikufunikira kukhala ndi moyo pawokha, ndiyeno zichoke.
Njira yopezera zamoyo ndizosavuta - zomwe zimafunikira makamaka malo ndi ufulu wotsutsana ndi anthu - koma kupereka nyama zakutchire zikuvuta kwambiri m'dziko lathu lamakono.
Kodi iyi ndi mutu womwe mwalembapo kale? Kodi iyi ndi buku lanu loyamba?
Ili ndilo buku langa lachiwiri losavomerezeka kwa achinyamata. Choyamba changa chinali Daisy ku Chipulumutso , chomwe chinkafotokoza zinyama makumi asanu za zinyama zopulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu monga njira yowunika nzeru za nyama ndi mgwirizano wa nyama. Imodzi mwa mauthenga apakati mubukuli ndi yakuti tiyenera kuchitira nyama zonse chifundo ndi chisamaliro, mbali imodzi chifukwa zinyama za mitundu yonse zimasonyeza mphamvu yodabwitsa yosamalira ndi kutichitira chifundo - potipulumutsira ife ku imfa. Mofananamo, powuza nkhani za zodabwitsa izi koma zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka m'Masiku Otsiriza a Giants , ndikuyembekeza kuti owerenga adzawamvera zinyama zakutchire ndikuzindikira kufunikira kosungirako. Galu limodzi lingakhoze kupulumutsa moyo umodzi, koma kusunga mbidzi, zimbalangondo, njovu, tiger, ndi zina zidzathandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo yathu ndi moyo wathu wonse.
Zomwezo zinati, ndinayamba kukondwera kwambiri ndi nkhani yachisungidwe pamene ndinali wolemba maulendo ku Lonely Planet. Ndinapereka malangizo ku Hawaii, Florida, kum'mwera chakumadzulo, ndi California, malo onse okongola okongola omwe amakumana ndi mavuto aakulu a kuwonongeka kwa zachilengedwe. Ntchito yanga monga wolemba maulendo anali kuthandiza kuwatsogolera anthu momwe angasangalalire malo okongola kwambiri ku America popanda kuwapweteka kwambiri, ndipo izi zinapangitsa kuti ndizikhala ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri.
Kodi pali mabuku ena omwe mungawafotokozere anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi sayansi?
Ochuluka kwambiri kuti alembe, kwenikweni. Jared Diamond ndi Stephen Jay Gould anandichititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi mbiri yakale, ndipo ndikupempha chilichonse mwa iwo. Mofananamo, malemba a Jane Goodall akulimbikitsa, ndipo buku lake la Hope for Animals and World linakhudza kwambiri mapeto a Giants . Ponena za kusungirako, ndikupempha Marc Bekoff kuti Akhazikitsenso Mitima Yathu , pomwe mwinamwake buku lofunika kwambiri ndi la Edward Wilson's Half Earth .