Mzinda wa Marrakesh wa Morocco uli wodzaza ndi zitsanzo za zojambula zomangamanga za mbiri yakale. Chimodzi mwa zokondweretsa kwambiri izi ndi manda a Saadian, omwe ali pambali pa medina pafupi ndi mzikiti wotchuka wa Koutoubia. Zomwe zinakhazikitsidwa panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Sultan Ahmad el Mansour m'zaka za zana la 16, manda tsopano akuyenera kukongola kwa alendo ochokera padziko lonse lapansi.
Mbiri ya Ma Tom
Ahmad el Mansour anali Sultan wachisanu ndi chimodzi komanso wotchuka kwambiri wa Saadi Dynasty, akutsogolera Morocco kuyambira 1578 mpaka 1603.
Moyo wake ndi ulamuliro wake zinafotokozedwa ndi kupha, kudandaula, ukapolo ndi nkhondo, ndipo phindu la mapulogalamu ogwira ntchito adagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba zabwino m'mudzi wonse. Mahema a Saadian anali mbali ya cholowa cha Mansour, anamaliza moyo wake kuti akhale malo oyenera kumanda a Sultan ndi mbadwa zake. El Mansour sanawononge ndalama, ndipo panthaŵi yomwe anali kuyanjana mu 1603, manda anali atakhala apamwamba kwambiri a zomangamanga a ku Morocco ndi zomangamanga.
Pambuyo pa imfa ya El Mansour, manda anali ndi nthawi yochepa. Mu 1672, Alaouite Sultan Moulay Ismail adakwera mphamvu, ndipo poyesera kukhazikitsa cholowa chake, adafuna kuwononga nyumba ndi zipilala zomwe zinapangidwa m'nthawi ya Mansour. N'kutheka kuti akuopa kuti abusa ake adakalipira malo awo opuma, Ismail sanawononge manda pansi. Mmalo mwake, iye anaphimba zitseko zawo, akusiya njira yochepa yokha yomwe ili mkati mwa Msikiti wa Koutoubia.
M'kupita kwanthawi, manda, anthu okhalamo ndi ulemerero mkati mwawo adachotsedwa pamtima.
Mahema a Adadi anaiwalika kwa zaka zoposa mazana awiri, kufikira kafukufuku wa bungwe la a French ku Germany, Hubert Lyautey, adawonetsa kuti anakhalapo mu 1917. Pambuyo pofufuza, Lyautey adadziŵa kufunika kwa manda ndipo anayamba kuyesa kubwezeretsa ku ulemerero wawo wakale .
Masamba Lerolino
Masiku ano, manda akutsegulidwanso, kuti anthu adziwonetse nokha zomwe zatsala ku Saadi Dynasty. Zovutazi zimakhala zochititsa chidwi kwambiri, komanso zoumba zouluka, zojambula zamtengo wapatali komanso zojambulajambula zamtengo wapatali. M'manda onse, zojambulajambula zojambulajambula ndi zojambulajambula zimakhala zovomerezeka ndi luso la akatswiri a zaka za m'ma 1600. Pali mausoleums awiri, omwe ali ndi manda 66; pamene munda wodzaza ndi rosi umapatsa malo amanda a anthu oposa 100 a m'banja lachifumu - kuphatikizapo alangizi odalirika, asilikali ndi antchito. Manda aang'ono awa ali okongoletsedwa ndi zolembedwa zojambula Zislam.
Mausoleums awiri
Mausoleum yoyamba ndi yotchuka kwambiri ili kumanzere kwa zovuta. Imakhala malo oikidwa m'manda a El Mansour ndi mbadwa zake, ndipo nyumba yolowera imaperekedwa kumanda a mabokosi a akalonga angapo a ku Saadi. Mu gawo ili la mausoleum, munthu angapeze manda a Moulay Yazid, mmodzi wa anthu ochepa omwe angamuike m'manda a Jadida pambuyo pa ulamuliro wa Moulay Ismail. Yazid ankadziwika kuti ndi Mad Sultan, ndipo analamulira zaka ziwiri zokha pakati pa 1790 ndi 1792 - nyengo yomwe imatanthauzidwa ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni yowopsya.
Chofunika kwambiri pa mausoleum oyambirira, komabe, ndi manda opambana a El Mansour mwiniwake.
El Mansour amasiyana ndi mbadwa zake m'chipinda chapakati chomwe chimadziwika kuti Chamber of the Twelve Pillars. Mizatiyi imakhala yojambula kuchokera ku miyala yabwino ya Carrara yomwe imatumizidwa kuchokera ku Italy, pomwe zojambula zokongoletsera zimayikidwa ndi golidi. Zitseko ndi zojambula za manda a El Mansour zimapereka zitsanzo zodabwitsa zogwirana manja, pamene ntchito yamatayi apa ndi yosatheka. Mausolumamu wachiwiri, yemwe ndi wamkulu kwambiri ali ndi manda a amayi a El Mansour, ndi a atate ake, Mohammed ash Sheikh. Ash Sheikh amadziwika kuti ndi amene anayambitsa Saadi Dynasty, komanso chifukwa cha kuphedwa kwake ndi asilikali a Ottoman panthawi ya nkhondo mu 1557.
Chidziwitso Chothandiza
Njira yosavuta yofikira mahema a Saadian ndi kutsatira Mzinda wa Bab Agnaou wochokera ku Marrakesh wotchuka kwambiri ku Medina, Djemaa el Fna.
Pambuyo pa ulendo wamphindi 15, msewu umakufikitsani ku Mosque wa Koutoubia (wotchedwanso Mosque Kasbah); ndipo kuchokera kumeneko, pali zizindikiro zoonekera kumanda okha. Manda amatsegulidwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuyambira 8:30 am - 11:45 m'mawa ndibweranso 2:30 pm - 5:45 pm. Kulowa kumawononga 10 dirham (pafupifupi $ 1), ndipo maulendo angakhale ophatikizana ndi ulendo wa pafupi ndi El Badi Palace. Nyumba ya El Badi inamangidwanso ndi El Mansour, ndipo kenako adachotsedwa ndi Moulay Ismail.