Mbiri Fidel Castro Mbiri

Fidel Castro Ruz anabadwa pa August 13, 1926, pamsana wa shuga kum'maŵa kwa Cuba, mwana wamwamuna wa dziko la Spain wochokera kudziko lina komanso wogwira ntchito kunyumba. Wokamba nkhani wamphamvu ndi wokondweretsa, posakhalitsa adakhala ngati mmodzi mwa atsogoleri omwe akulimbana ndi ulamuliro wa Fulgencio Batista.
Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, Bambo Castro anali kutsogolera gulu lalikulu lachigawenga lomwe linali m'mapiri a Sierra Maestra ku Cuba, kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa dzikolo. Kugonjetsa asilikali a Batista kunafika mu January 1959, ndipo asilikali ake ogonjetsa, ambiri a iwo ankameta ndevu ndi kuvala fatigues, n'kupita ku Havana.Pamenepo nkhondoyo inagonjetsa dziko lonse la Cuba. Posakhalitsa adalimbikitsa dziko kuti liwononge zachikomyunizimu - kuphatikizapo minda ndikupanga mabanki ndi mafakitale, kuphatikizapo katundu woposa madola 1 bilioni a US. Pulezidenti Calzon, wotsutsa boma la Demokarasi, ananena kuti anthu ambiri omwe anali kumutsatira nthawi imodzi adakhumudwa ndipo anathawa pachilumbacho. "Iye ndi munthu yemwe anapanga malonjezo ochuluka kwa anthu a ku Cuba. Cubans anali oti akhale ndi ufulu. Iwo anali oti akhale ndi boma loona mtima," anatero Calzon. "Iwo anali oti abwerere ku malamulo," anatero Calzon. "M'malo mwake, zomwe adawapatsa zinali boma la Stalinist." Mr. Castro inalimbikitsa mgwirizano wapamtima ndi Soviet Union, ndondomeko yomwe inachititsa Cuba kugonjetsedwa ndi United States. Washington inachititsa kuti Cuba iwonongeke mu 1960 ndipo idathetsa mgwirizanowu kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1961. Mu April chaka chimenecho, dziko la United States linapanga zida zankhanza ndipo linayendetsa nkhondo yoopsa ndi akapolo a ku Cuba, omwe anagonjetsedwa mosavuta ku Bay of pigs. Chaka chimodzi pambuyo pake, Cuba inali pakatikati pa mkangano pakati pa Washington ndi Moscow potsata zida za nyukiliya za Soviet pachilumbachi. Nkhondo ya nyukiliya inasokonezedwa mosavuta.Pambuyo pavuto la missile la Cuba, Mr. Castro anamanga zida zake ndipo anatumiza asilikali ake kuzungulira dziko lonse la Cold War, monga Angola. Anathandizanso kayendetsedwe ka zigawenga ku Latin America m'ma 1960 ndi m'ma 70 kuti ayese kufalitsa chikomyunizimu. "Ndikuganiza kuti adzakumbukiridwa ngati mtsogoleri yemwe adaika Cuba pa mapu a dziko lapansi," anatero Smith. "Pambuyo pa Castro, Cuba inkaonedwa kuti ndi chinachake chaboma la banana, ndipo sizinayambe pazinthu zandale za dziko lonse." Castro ndithu anasintha zonsezi, ndipo mwadzidzidzi Cuba idagwira ntchito yaikulu padziko lapansi, mu Africa monga mgwirizano wa Soviet Union, Asia, ndipo ndithudi ku Latin America. "Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, Bambo Castro adakhazikitsa chithandizo chamankhwala ndi maphunziro omwe adakweza Cuba pakati pa anthu apamwamba m'mayiko otukuka chifukwa cha maphunziro odziwa kulemba ndi kulemba ndi kuwerenga. Mapulogalamuwa adapindula kwambiri chifukwa cha thandizo la ndalama kuchokera ku Moscow. Panthaŵi imene Soviet Union inagwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, Cuba idalandira ndalama zokwana madola 6 biliyoni pachaka ku Soviet subsidies. Zomwe anapeza m'mabungwe aumphawi zinadza phindu la ufulu wa anthu ndi demokalase. Otsutsanawo adaponyedwa m'ndende ndipo omwe ankatsutsa nthawi zambiri ankatsutsidwa ndi magulu a boma. "Fidel Castro adasunga mphamvu mwa mantha, pogwiritsa ntchito apolisi achinsinsi, kupyolera mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zandale, monga Stalin adachitira kapena ngati Hitler adatero," anatero Calzon. Kuwonongedwa kwa Soviet kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 kunapangitsa Cuba kukhala akuvutika maganizo kwambiri ndipo anakakamiza boma kuti likhazikitse zocheperapo zachuma, monga kulembetsa kugwiritsa ntchito dola ndi kulola malonda ang'onoang'ono apadera ngati malo odyera ogwira ntchito. Koma Bambo Castro anakana ngakhale njira zing'onozing'ono izi kuti apite ku msika waufulu ndipo anagwetsa pansi pamene vuto lachuma lomwe linalipo tsopano litatha. Ananena kuti mavuto a zachuma a ku Cuba akugwedezeka ndipo nthawi zambiri amatsogolera misonkhano yotsutsana ndi America ku Havana kuti azinyoza United States. M'zaka zake zapitazi, Mr. Castro adalimbikitsa ubwenzi ndi mgwirizano wamphamvu ndi pulezidenti wa ku Venezuela, Hugo Chavez. Onse pamodzi, amuna awiriwa adagwira ntchito polimbana ndi mphamvu ya US ku Latin America - ndipo adachita bwino polimbikitsa malingaliro a anti-America ku dziko la pansi. Katswiri wina wa ku Cuba, Thomas Paterson wa yunivesite ya Connecticut, akufanizira Mr. Castro kwa mtsogoleri wa chi China dzina lake Mao Zedong, "Ndikuganiza kuti adzakumbukiridwa ngati Mao Zedong akukumbukiridwa ku China monga yemwe anagonjetsa dongosolo loipa, lolamulirako, yemwe adadziwika ndi mtundu wake, amene adakankhira kunja alendo," anatero Paterson. . "Panthaŵi yomweyi, monga momwe zilili ndi chigamulo cha ku China chotchedwa Mao lero, kudzamudzudzula ngati wovomerezeka, wotsutsa komanso wopereka nsembe zopanda pake kwa anthu a ku Cuba."