Mfundo Zokhudza Moyo wa Mahatma Gandhi, Bambo wa Masiku Ano

Pitani ku Gandhi Memorial ku Delhi ndi Sabarmati Ashram ku Ahmedabad

Pali zambiri zokhudza Gandhi zomwe zimadabwitsa aliyense. Nanga bwanji zowona kuti anali wokwatiwa ali ndi zaka 13 ndipo adali ndi ana anayi asanalole lumbiro losalekeza, kuti aphunzitsi ku sukulu yake ya malamulo ya ku London adandaula mosalekeza za zolemba zake zolakwika, ndi zina zochepetsedwa zomwe zomwe anachita zazikulu?

Mahatma Gandhi, yemwe amadziwika ku India monga "bambo wa mtunduwo," anali mawu amphamvu odzetsa mtendere pa nthawi yovuta kwambiri m'mbiri ya India.

Njala yake yotchuka ndi uthenga wosakhala waukali unathandiza kugwirizanitsa dzikoli ndipo potsirizira pake kunatsogolera ufulu wa ku India kuchokera ku British pa August 15, 1947.

Chomvetsa chisoni n'chakuti Gandhi anaphedwa mu 1948, posakhalitsa pambuyo pa ufulu wodzilamulira ndipo pamene India anali akuvutika ndi mwazi pa malire atsopano pakati pa magulu achipembedzo.

Malo Oti Azipita ku India Akulemekeza Zoona za Moyo wa Gandhi

Pali malo angapo amene mungayambe omwe akulemekeza Gandhi. Pamene mukuwachezera, ganizirani zochitika za moyo wake, ntchito yake kumasula India kuchokera ku ulamuliro wa Britain, nkhondo yake ya British Salt Law, kuyesera kuti asapangitse chiwawa pakati pa nkhondo za India nthawi zonse, ndi zina zambiri.

• Pakati pa malo olemekezeka a Indian omwe amalemekeza Gandhi ndi Gandhi Black marble pamphepete mwa mtsinje wa Yamuna, ku Raj Ghat ku Delhi, komwe Gandhi anawotcha mu 1948 ataphedwa.
• Palinso nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ku Sabarmati Ashram, kapena Gandhi Ashram, mumzinda wa Sabarmati wa Ahmedabad, Gujarat, kukumbukira cholinga cha Ashram ndi moyo wa Mahatma Gandhi. Pulezidenti wa ku India Jawaharlal Nehru, wophunzira wa Gandhi, adayambitsa nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale mu 1963. Ashram ndi imodzi mwa malo a Gandhi, omwe anakhalako zaka 12 ndi mkazi wake Kasturba Gandhi. Mu 1930, Gandhi adagwiritsa ntchito ashramyi monga maziko ake pa kayendetsedwe kosagwirizana ndi British Salt Law, yomwe idakhudza kwambiri kayendetsedwe ka ufulu wodzilamulira wa Indian omwe adafika mu 1947. Pozindikira izi, India inakhazikitsa ashram monga dziko chophimba.

Musanayambe ulendo wopita ku India, ganizirani nsonga izi zofunika ku India , zomwe zingakupulumutseni mavuto ambiri.

Pansi pano pali mauthenga 20 onena za moyo wa Mahatma Gandhi, yemwe adalimbikitsa maganizo a atsogoleri ambiri a dziko lapansi, pakati pawo Martin Luther King Jr. ndi Barack Obama.

Mfundo Zochititsa chidwi Zokhudza Moyo wa Gandhi

Anthu ambiri amakumbukira Gandhi chifukwa cha njala yake yotchuka, koma pali zambiri zambiri pa nkhaniyi.

Nazi mfundo zochititsa chidwi za Gandhi zomwe zimapereka ndemanga pang'ono pa moyo wa bambo wa India:

1. Mahatma Gandhi anabadwa monga Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Dzina lolemekezeka lakuti Mahatma, kapena "Moyo Wamphamvu," anapatsidwa kwa iye mu 1914.
2. Gandhi nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Bapu ku India, mawu achikondi omwe amatanthauza "abambo."
3. Gandhi anamenyera zambiri kuposa ufulu. Zifukwa zake zidaphatikizapo ufulu wa anthu kwa amayi, kuthetseratu kayendetsedwe ka kaste, ndi chisankho cha anthu onse mosasamala za chipembedzo.
4. Gandhi ankafuna kuti anthu osauka, omwe anali a India azikhala osayenera, komanso kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yambiri kuti asamalire. Anatcha anthu osatchable a harijans, omwe amatanthauza "ana a Mulungu."
5. Gandhi adadya zipatso, mtedza, ndi mbewu kwa zaka zisanu koma amasiya kudya zakudya zowonongeka atatha kudwala.
6. Gandhi anatenga lumbiro loyamba kuti asatengere mkaka, komabe, atadwala, adakhumudwa ndipo anayamba kumwa mkaka wa mbuzi. Nthaŵi zina ankayenda ndi mbuzi yake kukaonetsetsa kuti mkaka unali watsopano komanso kuti sanapatse mkaka wa ng'ombe kapena ubweya.
7. Ogwiritsira ntchito zakudya za boma adayitanidwa kuti afotokoze momwe Gandhi angathere masiku 21 opanda chakudya.
8. Palibe zithunzi za boma za Gandhi zomwe zinaloledwa pamene Gandhi anali kusala kudya, poopa kupitiliza kupondereza ufulu.

1. Gandhi adalidi wotsutsa nzeru zafilosofi ndipo ankafuna boma lokhazikitsidwa ku India. Ankaganiza kuti ngati aliyense adzalandira chisangalalo iwo akhoza kudzilamulira okha.
2. Mahatma Gandhi yemwe ankatsutsa kwambiri ndale anali Winston Churchill.
3. Kupyolera mu ukwati wokonzedweratu, Gandhi adakwatiwa ali ndi zaka 13; mkazi wake anali wamkulu chaka chimodzi.
4. Gandhi ndi mkazi wake anali ndi mwana wawo woyamba ali ndi zaka 15. Mwanayo anafera masiku angapo pambuyo pake, koma banjali adali ndi ana anayi asanalumbire lumbiro.
5. Ngakhale kuti anali wotchuka chifukwa cha kusagwirizana ndi chiwawa komanso ku India, boma la India linatumizira Amwenye kuti amenye nkhondo ku Britain panthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse. Anatsutsa kulowerera kwa India ku Nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse.
6. Mkazi wa Gandhi anamwalira m'ndende mu 1944; nayenso anali m'ndende pa nthawi ya imfa yake. Gandhi anamasulidwa m'ndende chifukwa chakuti adagwidwa ndi malungo, ndipo akuluakulu a ku Britain ankaopa mantha ngati iye nayenso anamwalira ali m'ndende.

1. Gandhi adapita ku sukulu ya malamulo ku London ndipo anali wotchuka pakati pa aphunzitsi pa zolemba zake zoipa.
2. Chithunzi cha Mahatma Gandhi chawoneka pa zipembedzo zonse za Indian rupees yosindikizidwa kuyambira 1996.
3. Gandhi anakhala zaka 21 ku South Africa. Anamangidwanso kumeneko nthawi zambiri.
4. Gandhi adatsutsa Gandhism ndipo sanafune kuti apange chipembedzo chotsatira. Iye adavomereza kuti "adalibe kanthu katsopano kuti aphunzitse dziko lapansi. Choonadi ndi chisangalalo ndi zakale ngati mapiri. "
5. Gandhi anaphedwa ndi Hindu mnzanga pa January 30, 1948, amene anamuwombera katatu pamtunda. Anthu oposa mamiliyoni awiri anapita ku maliro a Gandhi. Epitaph pa chikumbutso chake ku New Delhi imati "O Mulungu" zomwe zimatchedwa mawu ake otsiriza.
6. Mzere umene poyamba unali ndi phulusa la Mahatma Gandhi tsopano uli ku kachisi ku Los Angeles.

Tsiku la Kubadwa kwa Gandhi

Tsiku lakubadwa la Mahatma Gandhi, loperekedwa pa Oktoba 2, ndilo limodzi mwa maulendo atatu okha a dziko la India. Tsiku la kubadwa kwa Gandhi limadziwika kuti Gandhi Jayanti ku India ndipo limakumbukila ndi pemphero la mtendere, miyambo, ndi kuimba "Raghupathi Raghava Rajaram," nyimbo ya Gandhi.

Kuti alemekeze uthenga wa Gandhi wosatsutsika, bungwe la United Nations linalengeza kuti pa October 2 ndi International Day of Nonviolence. Izi zinayamba kugwira ntchito mu 2007.