Kingda Huh?
Pamene idayamba mu 2005, Kingda Ka ku Six Flags Great Adventure adanena kuti maina awiri aatali kwambiri komanso ofulumira kwambiri. Mphindi yake yachiwiri ya 50,6 adrenaline imatumizira nsanja yapamwamba yokhala ndi mapazi okwana 456 ndipo imatha kufika msinkhu wa 128 mph mu masekondi 3.5. Yikes!
Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chimapatsa Kingda Ka mbiri yake yodabwitsa? Hydraulics.
Ngati tsatanetsatanidwe wa pithy yomwe mwakulukula mutu wanu, tiyeni tilowe muzinthu zina.
Mpaka chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, pafupifupi oyang'anira onse opanga mazenera anali ofanana. Kaya njirazo zinali zopangidwa ndi matabwa kapena zitsulo, chingwe chowongolera chogwedezeka chogwedezeka ndi sitima yapamwamba yowakwera sitima yowonongeka pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa phiri lokwezeka. Pamwamba pa phirilo, unyolo unachotsedwa ndipo mphamvu yokoka inatha.
Amisiri ambiri omwe amamanga kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 adagwiritsabe ntchito njira yowona, koma okonza mapulani ena akhala akulowetsa mapiri okwera ndi mapulogalamu ambiri. Amatha kuyendetsa mofulumira, mofulumira, kumtunda, ndi (ndithudi) zosangalatsa, komanso kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakono. Akufuula kuchokera ku malo osungiramo katundu, adayambitsa zida monga Kingda Ka kuthetsa kuyerekezera kwa phiri lokwezeka ndikupereka njira yosayima kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto.
Pofuna kutumiza sitimayi zowonongeka komanso anthu omwe alibe mantha akulira chifukwa chochoka, okwera mapulaneti amatha kupanga njira zosiyanasiyana monga magnetic propulsion, air compressed, ndi magetsi a jazzed.
Koma ma hydraulics amapereka njira yosavuta komanso yowonjezereka yofulumira kuyendetsa magalimoto kusuntha mwamsanga-KWAMBIRI mwamsanga.
Coaster pa Steroids
Ntchito yowonjezera mavitamini ikufanana ndi chikhalidwe cha mapiri ... pamagulu a steroids. M'malo mwa unyolo wonyamula, coaster imagwiritsa ntchito chingwe chomwe chimadulidwa kuzungulira chopambana chachikulu.
Kuphatikizidwa ndi chingwe ndi galimoto yokhala, chipangizo chomwe chimathamangira sitimayi ndi kumawombera pansi pa pulogalamuyi. Kuti akwatire awiriwo, "galu" amatsikira pansi pakati pa sitimayo ndikukwera mumsewu wogwidwa. Pafupifupi theka la magawo atatu pa njira yopita kumalo otsetsereka a Kingda Ka, sitimayo ikufulumira kupita ku liwiro lapamwamba, galimotoyo imakwera pamsitima, mabakiteriya amachititsa kuti galimotoyo ichepetse, ndipo sitimayi imapitirizabe nsanja yapamwamba yokwana 456. Mphamvu yokoka imayenda sitima kumbali ina ya nsanja ndi kubwerera ku siteshoni.
Mosiyana ndi zida zowonongeka, zomwe zimafika mofulumira kwambiri pothamanga pansi, maola a Kingda Ka pa 128 mph pafupi ndi nsanja. Michael Reitz, yemwe ndi injiniya wamkulu wa Six Flags ndi mmodzi wa gulu lachitukuko lomwe linagwira ntchito pa Kingda Ka. "Koma mphepo, katundu wolemera wa okwera, kutentha, chinyezi, ndi zinthu zina zimakhudza mmene zimakhalira." Akuti Kingda Ka nthawi zambiri amadutsa pafupifupi mphindi 120 pansi pa nsanjayo asanayende ulendo wake wachiwiri ndikupita kunyumba.
Izi zikufotokozera momwe sitimayi za Kingda Ka zimatulukira pamalo osungira katundu.
Koma kodi wotchiyo imapanga bwanji zokwanira kuti zithetse phokosoli? Hydraulics.
Reitz akufotokoza kuti wotchiyo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mafilimu asanu ndi atatu (500-hp hydraulic motors) omwe amakhala pamtunda waukulu wa hydraulic fluid. Madzi amadzimadzi a nayitrogeni amachititsa kuti madziwo azitha kuyambitsa mphamvu. Anjiniyo amanenanso kuti magalimoto amatumiza mphamvu zomwe amapanga zowonjezera zowonongeka ndipo amayerekezera ndondomeko yoyendetsa mabuloni.
"Iwo amasungira mphamvu zochuluka, ndiye pa nthawi yoyenera, nsalu, amamasula," Reitz anena. "Amatha kupanga mahatchi okwera 20,800." Poyerekezera, injini ya galimoto imapereka pafupifupi 175 hp. Tikuyankhula mphamvu yayikulu apa.
Ngakhale Kuthamanga ndi Kutalika?
Pali zofanana (ngati zing'onozing'ono ndi zocheperako) zowonjezera ma rocket, kuphatikizapo Top Thrill Dragster ku Cedar Point ndi Xcelerator ku Knott's Berry Farm).
Ndizimene zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, zida zowonjezereka, Kingda Ka akufunsa funsolo: Kodi ndilitali bwanji komanso mofulumira omwe angapangitse ojambula? "Chovuta sikuti 'Kodi tingachite zimenezo?' "Reitz akunena, akukamba za kuphulika kwapansi. "Funso ndilo 'Phindu lotani?' "
Magulu amatha kudalira mafilimu omwe amawoneka kuti akuyesa kuyesa makina awo akuluakulu, mofulumizitsa, koma ufulu wodzitama umangopita mpaka pamene ziwerengero za nyemba zimayang'ana kubwerera. Mlengalenga, mwachiwonekere, ndi malire (monga mphepo yamagetsi), koma ndi angati amapaki omwe angakhale okonzeka kutulutsa ndalama zokwana mamiliyoni makumi ambiri zomwe zingathere kuti amange okonzetsa omwe amawombera kumwamba?
Kuyambira pamene Kingda Ka adatsegula, wina wopanga, Formula Rossa ku Ferrari World ku Abu Dhabi, wapangitsa ulendo wa New Jersey kuti ukhale wotsika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi . Amagwiritsanso ntchito dongosolo loyambitsira madzi. Pofika mu 2018, Kingda Ka adakali ndi mbiri yapamwamba . Koma osati kwa nthawi yaitali. "Wowonongeka" wotchedwa SkyScraper yemwe akudziwika kuti akubwera ku Orlando (ngakhale kuti kutsegulidwa kwawo kwachedwa kuchedwa kangapo) kungakhale pamwamba pa munda wamakono.