Woyera wa Chiyanjano ndi Kulandiridwa
Saint Valentine, woyera mtima wokondedwa, ndi woyera wa ku Ireland ... mwa kukhazikitsidwa osachepera. Osati wofunikira monga Saint Patrick, koma ndalama zambiri zapadziko lonse monga abambo aakulu a Irish Christianity mwiniwake. Ndipo ndithudi osati monga Chijeremani monga Mkwatibwi Woyera, yemwe phwando lake liri pafupi usiku umodzi.
Koma matupi ake akhoza kupembedzedwa ku Church of Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church. Kumeneko misa yapadera ya okondedwa imachitika pa 14 February.
Mwinamwake malo oti mukakhale pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito tsiku la Saint Valentine ku Dublin ndi okondedwa anu. Ndipo ndithudi malo amodzi okonda kwambiri a ku Ireland .
Kodi Valentine anali ndani?
Valentine, kapena m'Chilatini Valentinus, kwenikweni ndi dzina la anthu ambiri ofera chikhulupiriro. Valentine timakondwerera pa 14 February ku Roma wakale ndipo, ataphedwa, anaikidwa m'manda ku Via Flaminia. Izi ndizo nkhani yonse - ndipo tsikuli linali iffy, monga nkhani zokhudzana ndi Valentine, kuti chikumbutso sichinasungidwe mu kalendala ya oyera mtima ya Roma Katolika monga momwe adawonedwera mu 1969.
Komabe "Martyr Valentinus wa Presbyter ndi iwo omwe ali naye ku Roma" adakalipobe mndandanda wa oyera mtima omwe akufuna kuti alemekezedwe ndi Akatolika onse. Ali ndi mitundu yambiri. Mwa njira: Valentine kwenikweni sanawonetsedwe mu mndandanda woyamba wa ofera Achiroma, osonkhanitsidwa pafupi 354.
Chiyambi cha Tsiku la Saint Valentine
Phwando la St.
Valentine (kukumbukira tsiku lake la imfa, monga momwe alili ndi oyera mtima, omwe adapitiliza "mphotho yawo") inakhazikitsidwa ndi Papa Gelasius I mu 496 - omwe mwachinyengo anafotokoza kuti wofera chikhulupiriro ndi mmodzi wa iwo olemekezeka ndi okhulupirika ngakhale kuchita "kudziwika kwa Mulungu yekha".
Gelasius motero adasinthidwa bwino, kapena m'malo mwake, vuto loti Valentine osachepera atatu adayenera kuphedwa pakati pa mwezi wa February: Wansembe ku Roma, bishopu ku Interamna (Terni), ndi "wofera manda" ku Africa.
Valentine Woyera monga Patron Woyera wa Okonda
Zojambula zoyambirira za Saint Valentine zinayambira kumapeto kwa 1493 - "kujambula" kotsekedwa ndi matabwa kumakhala ndi mbiri yakale. Valentine uyu akuwoneka kuti anali wansembe wachiroma atamangidwa chifukwa chokwatirana achikhristu. Ngakhale kuti anali chigawenga pamaso pa lamulo, Valentine anatha kupambana ubwenzi wa Mfumu Claudius II. Poganizira izi, Valentine adayesetsa kusintha Klaudiyo II kukhala Chikhristu. Chifukwa cha ululu wake anamenyedwa ndi zibonga, kenako anaponya miyala, potsiriza adadula mutu ndi kuikidwa kunja kwa Chipata cha Flaminian (pafupi ndi lero la Piazza del Popolo) m'chaka cha 270. Mwachiwonekere, ubwenzi wapita mpaka lero ndi Mfumu ...
Kotero, kuphedwa chifukwa chakuti iye anali mtundu wokwatira, umene unamupangitsa iye kukhala wopambana kuti akhale woyera wa okondedwa.
Olemba mbiri ena, zofunkha monga momwe zilili, amakhulupirira kuti Valentine ndi fanizo loyera - atapanga kuti atsegule chikondwerero chachikunja cha Lupercalia. Malinga ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi Valentine, mungakhale olondola powafotokozera ngati zongopeka (kumbukirani kuti zochita zake zinali zodziwika kwa Mulungu). Ambiri ambiri anawonekera m'zaka za m'ma 1400 ku England, ngakhale olembedwa ndi Geoffrey Chaucer ndi abwenzi, kukondwerera chikondi cha chikondi pa February 14th.
Woyera Woyendayenda - Zosowa za Valentine
Ena amanena kuti wansembe wachiroma ndi bishopu wa Terni anaikidwa m'manda pafupi ndi Via Flaminia, akugawana tsiku limodzi la phwando (kupha ndi kuikidwa m'manda kwa Valentines, awiri pamtengo umodzi). Chimene chinkafufuza zolemba zosangalatsa, kunena pang'ono.
Komabe, mchaka cha 1836 zomwe zidatuluka m'manda a St. Hippolytus pa Via Tiburtina zinadziwika kuti ndizo zamoyo zapadziko lapansi za Saint Valentine. Zikuwoneka kuti CSI: Vatican ndithudi ankadziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zozizwitsa ndi chizindikiritso chabwino ichi.
Zotsalirazo zinayikidwa mwamsanga mumsakato ndipo kenako zidakwera ku Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church ku Dublin . Ili ndilo lamulo loperekedwa ndi Papa Gregory XVI, lomwe cholinga chake chinali kupereka ulemu wolemekeza chikhulupiriro chachikatolika chokhalanso ku Ireland.
Pa nthawiyi, Akatolika Katolika adatulutsidwa kunja kwa chipinda, koma matchalitchi ambiri akale sankapezeka ndi matchalitchi akale omwe nthawi zambiri amatengedwa ndi Mpingo wa Ireland. Pogwiritsa ntchito woyera woyera wazaka 3 wa ku Dublin, Gregory adatha kupereka nthawi yatsopano ku tchalitchi cha Karimeli.
Zambiri za Valentine Padziko Lonse
Malingaliro owonjezera a Saint Valentine ndi ochuluka: Mu Roquemaure (France), ku Malta, ku Stephansdom (Vienna, Austria), ku Birmingham Oratory (UK) komanso ku John Duns Scotus Church ku Glasgow's Gorbals. Chodabwitsa kuti mpingo wotsiriza ukanakhala wofanana nawo monga Whitefriar Street Church ku Dublin.
Ngakhale mlendo ndiye kuti Birmingham relic ayenera kukhala thupi lonse la Saint Valentine, lopatsidwa kwa Kadinali Newman ndi Papa Pius IX mu 1847 - cholakwika cholemba mabuku ku Vatican?