Moscow Kremlin: Zithunzi Zithunzi ndi Zambiri

01 pa 13

Yendani ku Moscow Kremlin, Kremlin Yowoneka Kwambiri ku Russia

Moscow Kremlin ndi kremlin yotchuka kwambiri ku Russia yense. Zithunzi za Kremlin zimasonyeza malo olimba ngati mipanda yolimba kwambiri imene imagwira makanda, nyumba zachifumu, nyumba za boma, ndi zodabwitsa, zowonjezereka zotsalira zapitazo.

Kremlin, monga zaka zambiri zapitazo, ndilo likulu la boma ku Russia. Koma ndi mtima wamtundu wa Moscow ndi umodzi mwa zinthu zofunikira kwambiri komanso zokaonekera kwambiri mumzindawu. Kukacheza ku Kremlin kuyenera kukhala pa mndandanda uliwonse wa oyendayenda wa Moscow. Kumeneko, mukhoza kufufuza malo a Kremlin, kujambula zithunzi, kuona malo a tchalitchi chachikulu, ndikudabwa ndi chuma cha museums.

Ngakhale simungathe kuzipanga ku Kremlin kuti muone nyumba zake zapamwamba, mutha kusangalala kwambiri ndi zomwe Kremlin imapereka kudzera muzithunzi izi. Zithunzizo zikuyimira nyumba zomwe zimapezeka mkati mwa Kremlin, ndipo ndondomeko zotsatirazi zimakuuzani chifukwa chake zili zofunika.

02 pa 13

Towers ndi Nyumba Yaikulu ya Kremlin

Nyumba Yaikulu ya Kremlin, yomwe ikuyimiridwa pakati pa nsanja zomwe zili pa chithunzi pamwambapa, inali malo okhala mumzinda wa Moscow ku Russia. Yomangidwa pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800, idalowa m'malo okongola omwe ali pamalo omwewo. Zomangidwe zake zinaphatikizapo kuyika nyumba zachifumu zomwe kale zinalipo: Palace of Facets, Terem Palace, ndi Tsarina's Golden Chamber. Icho tsopano chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa zikondwerero ndi zofunikira za dziko.

Chigawo chomwe chatanganidwa kwambiri pa Nyumba ya Grand Kremlin chili moyang'anizana ndi mtsinje wa Moscow ndipo zikuwoneka kuti ndi zitatu, ngakhale kuti pansi pamtunda pali nkhani ziwiri. Nyumba zapakhomo zimakhala mkati mwa nyumba yachifumu, pamodzi ndi zipinda zapakhomo za akale, monga kuphunzira, malo odyera, ndi chipinda chodyera.

Kuchokera kutali, mukhoza kuona nsanja ndi makoma a Moscow Kremlin. Pachithunzichi, Nyumba ya Grand Kremlin ikuwonekera pamwamba pa mitengo. Kremlin ili ndi nsanja 19 mu zonse (kuphatikizapo nsanja ya 20 yomwe ili nsanja yapafupi pa mlatho). Khoma lozungulira pakati pawo likuzungulira nyumba za Kremlin.

03 a 13

Nyumba ya Spasskaya ya Moscow Kremlin

Nsanja ya Spasskaya ya Kremlin ili ndi mfundo zambiri zosangalatsa. Kumangidwa kwa 1491 ndi mkonzi wa ku Italy, chipatachi chimatumikira monga "khomo lalikulu" la Kremlin ku Red Square - kale lomwe linagwiritsidwa ntchito popembedzedwa.

Zomwe zimagwirizana zimakhala zosiyana pamene nthawi ya Kremlin inayamba kuonekera pa Spasskaya Tower, ndipo idasinthidwa nthawi zambiri pazaka zambiri. Nthawi imene inu mukuwona lero pa nsanja inakhazikitsidwa pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900.

Nyenyezi pamwamba pa Spasskaya Tower ndiyo yowonjezera yowonjezera - Soviets anaiwonjezera iyo m'zaka za zana la 20.

04 pa 13

Cathedral of the Dormition, Moscow Kremlin

Cathedral of the Dormition, yomwe nthawi zina imamasuliridwa ku "Cathedral of the Assumption," ndi imodzi mwa zida zomangamanga ku Kremlin's Cathedral Square. Ntchito yomanga inayamba kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 15, ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Cathedral of the Dormition yakhala ngati mpingo wofunikira kwambiri ku Russia. Cathedral ya Dormition yakhala ikuwonetseratu ma tsars ndi maukwati ndipo idzakhala malo a Mzinda wa Moscow.

M'katikati mwa tchalitchi chachikulu chimenechi mumakongoletsedwa ndi mafasho abwino, ndipo zithunzi zina zamtengo wapatali kwambiri ku Russia zinapangidwa makamaka ku tchalitchi chachikulu. Mayi Virgin wa Vladimir wa zaka za zana la 11 kapena 12 anawonetsedwa pano nthawi imodzi, ngakhale tsopano watetezedwa ku Gallery ya Tretyakov.

Mpando wachifumu wa Monomachus, wotumidwa ndi Ivan the Terrible m'zaka za zana la 16, ukuwoneka pano.

05 a 13

Kachisi Yotchuka, Moscow Kremlin

Cathedral ya Annunciation inachititsa kuti misonkhano ya a Orthodox ya mabanja achifumu ku Russia ikhale yapadera. Linali logwirizana ndi zipinda zamkati za tsar. Chipinda choyera komanso golide wa tchalitchi chachikulu chimakhala chochititsa chidwi ku Cathedral Square.

Ivan The Terrible ndiye kuti tchalitchi chinamangidwanso m'malo mwa tchalitchi choyambirira chomwe chinaima pamalo omwewo. Atakwatiwa ndi mkazi wake wachinayi ndipo analetsedwa kuti asapite kuntchito chifukwa cha malamulo a Russian Orthodoxy, adayimilira pa khonde lomwe linamangidwanso pamodzi ndi kumanga tchalitchi chatsopanocho. Mukhoza kuchiwona kumanzere kwa chithunzi ichi, ndi masitepe opita ku khonde lakuta.

Zithunzi za anthu ena okondedwa kwambiri omwe amajambula zithunzi zimapatsa chisomo mkatikati mwa Katolika ya Annunciation. Andrei Rublev, Theophanes the Greek, ndi Prokhor ya Gorodets zinapangitsa kukongoletsa kwa kachisi wachinsinsi.

06 cha 13

Katolika wa Mngelo Wamkulu, Moscow Kremlin

Kachisi ya Mkulu wa Angelo imasonyeza zinthu zina za ku Italy zomwe zimangidwe, monga ziboliboli zofanana ndi zomwe zimakhala mkatikati mwa denga la nyumbayo. Komabe, zamkati zimasonyeza zojambula zofunikira ku mbiri yakale ya Russia - zithunzi za akalonga zimayendera makoma, ndipo chizindikiro cha Angelo wamkulu Michael chikuzunguliridwa ndi nthano za chiyambi chake.

Kachisi wa Mngelo Wamkulu ku Kremlin ili ndi manda a akalonga a ku Russia akufa. Alendo adzawona malo apadera operekedwa kwa mwana wa Ivan the Terrible, wotchedwa Ivan. Ivan anapha mwana wake panthawi yomwe ankakangana. Zochitika za Ivan the Terrible zogwidwa ndi kuphedwa kwake kwa mwana wake zikufotokozedwa pa pepala lodziwika bwino la Ilya Repin.

07 cha 13

Ivan Wamkulu Tower Tower, Moscow Kremlin

Kwa zaka 600, nsanja ya bello nthawi zonse imakhala pamalo a Ivan Great Bell Tower. Boris Gudonov adalamula kuti likhale lolimba kuti likhale nyumba yayitali kwambiri ku Moscow. Mpaka zaka za m'ma 1800, palibe nyumba ku Moscow yomwe inaloledwa kukhala yayitali kuposa nyumba ya Ivan Great Bell Tower.

Nsanjayo inagwiritsidwa ntchito zonse ngati nsanja komanso ngati belu nsanja. Mabelu makumi awiri ndi limodzi amaimitsidwa mu bell nsanja ndipo mabelera awiri a belulo amafunika kuti apange mabeluwo.

Nyumba ya Ivan ya Great Bell inali nyumba imodzi yokha yowonongedwa ndi Napoleon, koma kuyesa kwake kuyesa bell nsanja kunalephera. Mwa njira iyi, bell nsanja yakhalanso ndi udindo ngati chizindikiro cha kupulumuka povutikira. Chimakechi ndi chimodzi mwa zochititsa chidwi za Kremlin. Zonse za Tsar Cannon ndi Tsar Bell zili pafupi.

08 pa 13

Tsar Bell, Moscow Kremlin

Tsar Bell ndiyeso yodabwitsa yoyesera yopita. Anaponyedwa m'dzenje kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18, chitsulo cha Tsar Bell chinakumbidwa ndi madzi pamene antchito anatentha moto wapafupi. Izi zinachititsa kuti belu lisokonezeke, ndikupangitsa kuti likhale lopanda phindu. Chitsulo chosungunuka kuchokera ku belu yaikulu chimalemera matani oposa 11 okha.

Tsar Bell ikuwonetsedwa kunja kwa Ivan Great Bell Tower. Peek in the break (osapangidwe mu chithunzichi) kuti muwone zofuula zazikulu zomwe zafunidwa ndi Tsar Bell, ndikuponya ndalama kuti mukhale ndi mwayi.

09 cha 13

Makedoniya Akumwamba ndi Terem Palace Churches

Mipingo ya Terem Palace ndi Cathedral ya Mpulumutsi Wamkulu tsopano ndi gawo la Purezidenti wa Russia. Kotero iwo sali otseguka kwa anthu. Poyamba, iwo ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mamembala a tsar - tsarina (mfumukazi) ndi zarevna (mwana wamkazi wa tsar kapena wamkazi).

Paulendo wanu kudutsa ku Moscow Kremlin, makapu a mipingo imeneyi amaoneka bwino ndi nyumba zawo zagolide, ndi nsanja zokongola zomwe iwo amakhala pamwamba.

10 pa 13

Nyumba ya Senate, Moscow Kremlin

Ngakhale nyumba ya Senate, yomwe inayamba kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, inagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga boma m'zaka zapitazo, tsopano ndi Pulezidenti wa Russia. Zamkatimo zasinthidwa molingana, koma kunja kumakhala koyambirira.

Lenin nthawi ina anakhalabe wophunzira ku Senate Building.

11 mwa 13

Tsar Cannon, Moscow Kremlin

Tsar Cannon, yomangidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 16, ili chabe chinthu chokongoletsera chomwe chimakondweretsa. Mipira yamakono yamakono ndi yaikulu kwambiri kuti ingagwirizane ndi mfuti ya kanki. Mogwirizana ndi dzina lake lolemekezeka, ndi lokongoletsedwa bwino ndi zolemba ndi zolembera zomwe zimasintha makinawa kuti akhale opanga. Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo zakhala zikuwonetseratu zithunzi za azidindo a ku America ndi a Russia omwe akugwirana chanza kutsogolo kwa Tsar Cannon.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti kanini ndi kankhuni yogwira ntchito. Umboni umasonyeza kuti unachotsedwa kamodzi, ngakhale kuti uli ndi mipira yachitsulo yomwe inapangidwa kuti igwirizane ndi mbiya yake.

12 pa 13

Nyumba ya Maofesi

Nyumba ya Maofesi kale idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati phwando ndi nyumba yocherezera alendo kwa tsars ndi alendo awo ofunika kwambiri. Nyumba yomangidwa ndi amisiri a ku Italy, tsopano ikugwirizanitsidwa ndi nyumba ya Grand Kremlin Palace.

Khonde Lofiira, lowonedwa kumanzere kwa chithunzichi (ndipo sikunena wofiira lero), lozunguzidwa ndi nthano. Masitepewa ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tsars omwe akupita kukakhala korona ku Cathedral of the Dormition. Nthano yowopsya imanena za momwe achibale a Peter Wamkulu anagwetsera pansi masitepe, pomwe pikemen anadikira pansi kuti akwaniritse chiwonongeko chawo.

Khonde Lofiira liyenera kuti linamasuliridwa mu masiku akale mpaka "khonde lokongola." (Werengani za chikhalidwe chofiira ku Russia .) Ngakhale kuti chinawonongedwa mu 1930 mndandanda wa Stalin, Tsamba Yofiira linamangidwanso chifukwa cha kufunika kwake ndi kugwirizana ndi mbiri ya Russia ndi mbiri ya Kremlin.

13 pa 13

Mpingo wa Atumwi khumi ndi awiri ndi Nyumba ya Mabishopu, Moscow Kremlin

Mpingo wa Atumwi khumi ndi awiri ndi Nyumba ya Mkulu wa Mabishopu unali chimodzi mwa zinthu zatsopano zomwe ziyenera kumangidwa pa Cathedral Square ndipo sizinamangidwe mpaka zaka za m'ma 1800. Palibe ndalama zomwe zinapulumutsidwa kuti zikondweretse kholo lakale la nthawi imeneyo. Pano, mbadwayo analandira olemekezeka.

Mpingo wa Atumwi khumi ndi awiri ndiwo mpando wachisanu ndi chitatu.