Tequila ndi zakumwa zotchuka kwambiri ku Mexican, koma zakumwa zonse zitatuzi zimadyedwa ku Mexico. Zonsezi zinapangidwa kuchokera ku plant agave, yotchedwa maguey ku Mexico.
Agave kapena Maguey
Agave, nthawi zina amatchedwa "Century Plant" mu Chingerezi, imapezeka ku Mexico ndi kumwera kwakumadzulo kwa United States. Ntchito zake zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri: zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zake, chakudya, ndipo nthawi zakale minga idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati singano komanso miyambo yolola magazi.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kuyamwa, kotchedwa aguamiel kwasandulika kukhala timadzi ta timadzi tokoma, okoma mwachibadwa ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha glycemic index. Komabe, ntchito yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse yakhala ikumwa mowa.
Tequila ndi Mezcal
Mezcal ingapangidwe kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya agave, ngakhale kuti ma meccals ambiri pamsika amapangidwa ndi Agave espadin . Pochita kupanga mezcal , mtima wa plant agave, wotchedwa piña , wophikidwa , woponderezedwa, wofufuzidwa ndikutsitsidwa.
Mawu otchuka ku Mexico ndi akuti:
Para todo mal, mezcal
Para todo bien tambien.
Chomwe chimasuliridwa kutanthawuza chimatanthauza: Pa zovuta zonse, mezcal ndi chuma chonse, komanso kulimbikitsa lingaliro lakuti mezcal ndi yoyenera pa nthawi iliyonse.
Mezcal imapangidwanso m'njira zambiri m'madera ambiri a Mexico ndipo imatumizidwa kunja, ngakhale palibe mezcal yomwe imadziwikanso ndi Mezcal de tequila .
Tequila ndi mzimu womwe umangopangidwa kuchokera ku mtengo wina wa agave, agave ya buluu kapena Agave Tequilana Weber .
Zimapangidwa m'chigawo chakumadzulo kwa Mexico kudera la Santiago de Tequila, Jalisco, pafupifupi makilomita 65 kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Guadalajara. Maekala opitirira 90,000 a blue agave akulimidwa m'derali ku Mexico, komwe tsopano ndi malo a UNESCO World Heritage Site .
Tequila yakhala chizindikiro cha dziko lonse ku Mexico, ndipo ngakhale kuti idakali yotchuka pakati pa anthu a m'nyengo ya kasupe ndi omwe akuyang'ana kuledzera, ma meccals premium ndi tequilas amakondanso kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zisankho zambiri.
Tequilas yapamwamba kwambiri ili ndi 100% agave yosindikizidwa pa chizindikiro - izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe shuga wina wonjezedwa.
Jekeseni Yoyenda, Jalisco
Ulendo wopita ku Tequila udzakuthandizani kuphunzira za mbiri ya tequila ndi kupanga. Maulendo amaperekedwa ndi ma distilleries angapo otsogolera. Njira yotchuka yopita ku Tequila ndikutenga sitima ya Tequila Express ku Guadalajara. Ulendowu umatha pafupifupi maola awiri, ndikuyenda kudera lamapiri. Zotsitsimutsa zimaperekedwa pabwalo ndipo zosangalatsa zimaperekedwa ndi gulu la mariachi.
Kodi mungamwe bwanji tequila ndi mezcal?
Ngakhale kumwa mowa wa tequila ndi wotchuka kwambiri, ndipo pali kutsutsana kwa njira yowongoka (mchere kapena laimu poyamba?), Tequila connoisseurs amanena kuti ndi dothi lathunthu loponya chabwino tequila kapena mezcal, ndipo amalimbikitsa kuti izo zikhale zophimbidwa, kaya zokha kapena sangrita , chisakanizo cha phwetekere, madzi a lalanje ndi madzi a mandimu, zonunkhira ndi ufa wa chili.
Pulque
Pulque ("pool-kay"), yotchedwa octli m'chinenero cha Nahuatl, chilankhulo cha Aztec, imapangidwa kuchokera ku kuyamwa kwa chomera cha agave. Pofuna kutulutsa utomoni, chimanga chimadulidwa mu mtima wa chomera chazaka 8 mpaka 12 chaka chimodzi. Kutayira kumatulutsidwa ndi nkhuni yamtengo wapatali yomwe imayikidwa pamtima pa chomeracho.
Kutentha kumatchedwa aguamiel (kwenikweni uchi wamadzi), kapena mpweya wa agave, chifukwa ndi wokoma kwambiri. Ndiye timadzi timadzimadzi timapanga kuti tizipanga pulque. The chifukwa madzi ndi milky ndi pang'ono wowawasa kulawa. Nthawi zina zipatso kapena mtedza zimawonjezeredwa kusintha kusintha. Pulque akumwa mowa, kudalira mlingo wa nayonso mphamvu, kuyambira 2 mpaka 8%.
Ichi chinali chidakhwa cha amwenye a ku Mexico popeza analibe distillation. Kalekale ntchito yake inali yokha ndipo ansembe okha, olemekezeka ndi okalamba ankaloledwa kumwa. M'nthaŵi zachikatolika pulque idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndipo inakhala gwero lofunikira la ndalama kwa boma. Haciendas yopanga pulque inali gawo lofunikira la chuma cha chikoloni, ndipo anakhalabe choncho m'nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Mexico.
Pali malo otchedwa pulquerias kumene zakumwazi zimatumikiridwa. M'mbuyomu panali chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino chomwe chinakulira kuzungulira pulquerias , zomwe zinali pafupi ndi anthu. Komabe, pakalipano chiwerengero cha mabungwe amenewa chachepa kwambiri.
Kutsika kwa mowa komanso kuvuta kwa pulque kumachepetsa kugawidwa kwake, komabe pulque imagwiritsidwanso lero - nthawi zina imatumizidwa ku magalimoto kapena kugulitsidwa kumsika, komanso m'madera ena.