Dzina lakuti " sundar ban " limamasuliridwa kutanthauza "nkhalango yokongola". Malo otchuka a UNESCO World Park, National Park ya Sundarbans ndi nkhalango yabwino kwambiri ya nkhalango ya mangrove ndiyo yokhayo ya mtundu wake padziko lapansi. Chimafalikira pafupi makilomita kilomita 10,000 pakamwa kwa mitsinje ya Ganges ndi Brahmaputra pakati pa India ndi Bangladesh, ndi malire a Bay of Bengal. Pafupifupi 35% mwa a Sundarbans ali ku India.
Gawo la Indian limapangidwa ndi zilumba 102 ndipo pafupifupi theka la iwo amakhalamo.
Chimene chimapangitsanso kuti Sundarbans ndi apadera ndikuti ndi nkhalango yokha ya mangrove padziko lapansi yomwe imakhala ndi akambuku - ndipo, iwo amasambira kwambiri! Kutalika kwa mipanda yamatabwa ya nylon kwa nthawi yayitali kumayikidwa pa malire a nkhalango pofuna kuteteza akambuku kuti asafike kumidzi. Ambiri okhala mumzinda wa Sundarbans amadziwa munthu yemwe akugwidwa ndi tigwe. Musati mupite kuyembekezera kuwona chimodzi ngakhale. Amanyazi ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala osabisala.
Park ya Sundarbans National Park ikukhala mkati mwa Sundarban Tiger Reserve, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mu 1973. Ntchito zonse zamalonda ndi zokopa zililetsedwa kudera lachilengedwe. Chigawo chachikulu cha malo osungirako malowa ndi Sajnekhali Wildlife Sanctuary, yomwe imadziwika kuti mbalame. Kuwonjezera pa tigulu, pakiyi ili ndi zowonongeka, mbalame, ndi nyama zina monga anyani, nyama zamphongo, ndi ziweto.
Malo
Ma Sundarbans amatha kupezeka ndi boti. Ili pafupi makilomita 100 kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Kolkata m'chigawo cha West Bengal . Sitima yapafupi yomwe ili pafupi ndi Canning. Njirayo imapita kwa Mulungukhali (pafupi maola awiri ndi theka kuchokera ku Kolkata), yomwe imadziwika ngati njira yopita ku Sundarbans.
Chilumba cha Gosaba, moyang'anizana ndi Godkhali, ndi chimodzi cha zilumba zazikulu za m'madera a Sundarbans, zodzaza ndi chipatala. Malo enieni omwe amapita ku Sundarbans National Park amapitanso ku Sajnekhali pachilumba, komwe kuli malo osungiramo nsanja, nyumba yosungiramo nsanja, malo osungiramo mangrove, malo oyendayenda, ng'ona, ndi ofesi ya Forest Department.
Zilumba za Sundarbans zili ndi malo ena awiri a nyama zakutchire kupatula Sajnekhali Wildlife Sanctuary, yomwe ili ku Lothian Island ndi Haliday Island.
Zilolezo ndi Malipiro a Sundarbans
Alendo amafunikira chilolezo cholowera ku paki ndipo ayenera kupereka pasipoti yawo ngati chizindikiro. Chilolezo chikhoza kupezeka ku Dipatimenti ya Forests ku Sajnekhali kapena ku West Bengal Tourism Office, 2/3 BBD Bagh East (pafupi ndi positi ofesi) ku Kolkata.
Malipiro oyendetsera paki ndi 60 rupees kwa Amwenye ndi ma rupees 200 kwa alendo. Palinso ndalama zokwana 400 zokapangira boti (tsiku lililonse). Ndiloyenera kuti ukhale ndi bukhu limodzi pa ngalawa, ndikugula ma rupie 400 kwa Amwenye ndi ma rupee 700 kwa alendo.
Mmene Mungayendere Sundarbans
Pokonzekera ulendo wanu kupita ku Sundarbans, pali zinthu zofunika zomwe muyenera kuziganizira kuti mukhale ndi mwayi wabwino.
Monga pali njira zingapo zomwe mungayendere poyendera a Sundarbans, onetsetsani kuti mumasankha zomwe zimakugwirani bwino.
Zosankha zosiyanasiyana ndi izi:
- Yendetsani mwanseri. Mungathe kukonza bwato lapadera lomwe mungathe kupita nalo ndikugona. Kapena, khalani pa Sajnekhali Tourist Lodge, ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi West Bengal Tourism Development Corporation, ndikukonzekera ulendo wa tsiku kapena theka wapadera.
- Khalani ku hotelo kapena malo ogwiritsira ntchito. Pali zochepa zomwe mungachite kuti malo okhala ku Sundarbans azikhalamo. Malo ogulitsira alendo komanso malo ogulitsira malo amapereka kayendedwe kochokera ku Kolkata, ndipo amapereka mapepala osiyanasiyana, maulendo komanso machitidwe omwe mungasankhe malinga ndi zofuna zanu.
- Tengani ulendo wokonzedwa. Awa ndi maulendo oyendetsera gulu omwe ali ndi maulendo oyendetsa, ndipo akhoza kukhala maulendo a tsiku, usiku, kapena maulendo angapo okhala ndi malo ogona. Amaphatikizapo kuyenda maulendo pamsewu kuti apite kukaona alonda mkatikati mwa paki, ndi maulendo a kumidzi paulendo wautali. Inu mudzatengedwa kuchokera ku Kolkata ndipo mudzabwerera kumbuyo uko.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zimakhala zosasinthasintha komanso zachinsinsi. Kumbukirani kuti ngalawa ikuyendetsedwe ndi maofesi ndi alendo oyendayenda nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi anthu ambiri. Iwo akhoza kukhala phokoso ndi kusokoneza bata. Kuphatikiza apo, ngalawa zazikuru sizikhoza kupita kumadzi otsika kumene mumakhala mukuwona nyama zakutchire. Ngati izi zikudetsa nkhaŵa, ndi bwino kupanga zokhazikika.
Ngakhale kuti n'zotheka kupita ulendo wa tsiku kuchokera ku Kolkata, anthu ambiri amatha usiku umodzi ku Sundarbans. Ulendo wa tsiku ndi tsiku udzakuthandizani kufufuza madzi pamadzi koma mutakhala nthawi yaitali mukhoza kuyendera madera ambiri, kuyenda kapena kuzungulira midzi, kupita kukawona mbalame, ndikuwona zochitika za chikhalidwe.
Zosankha Zoyenda Mwachindunji
Mwamwayi, ulendo wodziimira uli wovuta kwambiri. Ndi bwino kupita ndi galimoto kapena basi, pamene sitimayi ndi sitima yowonongeka ndipo ikhoza kukhala yochuluka kwambiri. Njira zodabwitsa ndi izi:
- Ndigalimoto : Drive kuchokera ku Kolkata kupita kwa Mungukhali. Kuchokera kumeneko ndibwino kuti mutenge mtsinje pamadzi kupita ku Gosaba, mutenge phokoso lolowera mumzinda wa Pakhiralay kumbali ina ya chilumbachi (ndizokongola kwambiri, ngakhale zowopsya, kuyenda pamadzi a matope ndi mathithi a kanjedza), ndiyeno pitani ngalawa ina ku Sajnekhali. N'zotheka kukonzekera bwato ndikuchoka ku Godhkhali (maola awiri), ngakhale kuti ndizovuta.
- Basi : Mabasi omveka amachoka maola lililonse (kuchoka pa 6:30 m'mawa) kuchokera ku Babu Ghat Bus Terminus ku Strand Road ku Kolkata ndikupita ku Sonakhali (maola atatu). Zindikirani: sitimasi ya basi ikusunthira ku Santragachhi pa Kona Expressway ku Kolkata. Kuchokera ku Sonakhali mutengere kukwera galimoto kwa Mulunguhkali ndikupitirira monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa. Mukhozanso kukwera boti kupita ku Gosaba (maola limodzi ndi theka), kukwera njinga ku Pakhiralay, ndi ngalawa yopita ku Sajnekhali. Kapena, pitani ngalawa kuti mupite ku Sajnekhali (maola atatu).
- Pa Sitimayi: Pitani ku Sealdah kudera la Kolkata ku Canning (pafupi maola awiri) ndipo mutenge galimoto kapena galimoto yanu ku Godhkali, kenako kupita pamwamba. Kapena, pitani Sajnekhali kuchokera ku Canning (maola asanu).
Boti ndi maulendo alipo kuchokera ku Sajnekhali kwa maulendo afupipafupi kapena odzaza tsiku lililonse kudzera mumtambo wa mangrove.
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito paulendo waulendo ndi nthawi zosiyana (kuphatikizapo usiku kapena mausiku angapo) zingathekenso kuchokera ku Canning, Sonakhali, ndi Godkhali. Ngati n'kotheka, chotsani bwato kuchokera kwa Godkhali chifukwa ndilofupi kwambiri ndi malo ozungulira polojekiti. Kuti mumve bwino, sankhani phukusi lomwe limaphatikizapo boti ndi chakudya. India Beacons amapereka malo ogulitsa ngalawa.
Zosankha zokhala ku Hotel kapena Resort
Popeza kuti Sundarbans ndi malo osamvetsetseka, malo ogona amakhala ophweka kuposa amtengo wapatali, okhala ndi chidwi cha eco-friendly ndi mudzi akumverera. Mphamvu ndi yoperewera (mwina dzuwa kapena yopangidwa ndi jenereta) ndipo madzi samakhala otentha nthaŵi zonse. Yang'anirani pa Top 5 Sundarbans Hotels ndi Resorts kuti muone zomwe zilipo.
Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito bajeti, mudzapeza ambiri mumudzi wa Pakhiralay ku chilumba cha Gosaba (chilumba chachikulu pamaso pakhomo la paki).
Zosankha pa Ulendowu
Zosankha za kuyendera Sundarbans paulendo zikuphatikizapo zonse kuchokera paulendo wapamwamba kupita ku zojambula zam'mbuyo. Nazi zomwe 7 Top Sundarban Tour Operators ayenera kupereka.
Nthawi Yowendera
Kuyambira November mpaka February, pamene nyengo ili yozizira ndi youma. (Onetsetsani kuti mumabweretsa zovala zotentha). Chilimwe, kuyambira March kufikira June, ndi kotentha kwambiri. Nyengo yowonongeka, kuyambira July mpaka September, imakhala yonyowa komanso yamphamvu.
Zimene Mukuyembekeza Kuti Muziwone: Masitolo ndi Zinyama Zanyama
N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti anthu ena amakhumudwitsidwa ndi anthu a ku Sundarbans chifukwa nthawi zambiri amapita ndi zinyama zakutchire. Kuwona zachilengedwe zakutchire kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chakuti simungathe kufufuza malo osungirako zachilengedwe pamtunda kapena pagalimoto. Palibe jeep safaris. Kuwonjezera apo, sitima sitingathe kugwira paliponse m'mphepete mwa mtsinjewu mumphepete mwa nyanja, kupatulapo malo otetezera, ndipo muyenera kuchoka kumapiri a park pakadutsa 6 koloko masana. (Ngati mukukwera boti, idzayendayenda m'mphepete mwa madzi mumphepete mwa pakiyi, mwinamwake pafupi ndi mudzi wapafupi). Maulondawa ali ndi mipanda ndipo zowona ndizoti nthawi zambiri amakhala odzaza ndi okwera.
Pali maulendo angapo omwe angayendere. Komabe, ena a iwo ali kutali ndipo angafunike kubwerera tsiku lonse ndi boti. Maulonda otchuka kwambiri, chifukwa cha kuyandikana kwawo, ndi Sajnekhali, Sudhanyakhali, ndi Dobanki.
- Sajnekhali : Monga tanena kale, iyi ndi nsanja yaikulu. Zimakonda kwambiri mbalamezi.
- Sudhanyakhali : nsanja iyi ndipamene ambiri a akambuku amawonedwa. Palinso dziwe lomwe limapezeka ndi mabanja a mbawala zamadontho.
- Banki: Nsanja iyi yawoneka kuti ili ndi kuyenda kotalika kwa miyendo 20 yomwe imadutsa pafupifupi mamita 150.
- Burir Dabri : Nsanja yaulendo yakutali ili pa mtsinje wa Raimangal pafupi ndi Bangladesh, pafupifupi maola asanu kuchokera ku Sajnekhali. Ziri zochititsa chidwi komanso zimayenda pamtunda wa mangroves omwe amatsogoleredwa ndi maonekedwe a Bangladesh. Palinso maulendo oyenda matope.
- Netidhopani: Mabwinja a kachisi wa zaka 400 angapezeke pa nsanja iyi. Nambala za alendo ndi zochepa ndipo zilolezo zapadera zimayenera.
- Bonnie Camp: Nsanja yapamwamba kwambiri ku Sundarbans, ndi yaitali mamita 50. Nsanja yotchukayi ili pafupi ndi Bay of Bengal ndipo imatenga maola asanu ndi limodzi kukafika ku Sajnekhali. Pali nyumba yopuma alendo komwe mungathe kugona usiku wonse.
- Jhingekhali: Nsanja iyi ili pambali ya kum'mawa kwa Sundarbans, ndipo nthawi zambiri imaiwalika chifukwa cha kutalika kwake. Ndi chete pamenepo, zomwe zimapangitsa mwayi wowona tiger. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mbalame.
Ndinkakhala tsiku limodzi m'ngalawa yomwe ili pafupi ndi nyanja ya Sundarbans National Park ndipo nthawi zina ndinawona anyani, ng'ona, ng'ona, madzi, ziwombankhanga, mbalame zakutchire, ndi mbalame pamphepete mwa nyanja. Nthawi yonseyi, inali madzi ndi mitengo basi!
Onani zithunzi zanga za Sundarban pa Facebook ndi Google+.
Zimene Muyenera Kukumbukira
Chisangalalo chenicheni choyendera ma Sundarbans chimachokera ku kuyamikira kukongola kwake kwachilengedwe, kosaoneka bwino, osati kuwona nyama. Tengani nthawi kuyendayenda (kuyenda kapena kuzungulira) kudzera m'midzi yonyansa ndikupeza njira ya moyo. Chitsanzo cha uchi, umene umasonkhanitsidwa ku Sundarbans. Chipulasitiki chaletsedwa m'deralo, ngakhale kuti ulamuliro wakhala wovuta kuwukakamiza. Onetsetsani kuti musatenge zinyalala. Kuwonjezera apo, khalani chete monga momwe mungathere kuti musayambe chisokonezo. Onetsetsani kuti mubweretse ndalama zambiri monga palibe ATM, kupatulapo State Bank of India ku Gosaba.