Big Chicago 10: Zojambula Zakale Kumtendo Wokayenda

01 pa 10

Imani 1: Art Institute ya Chicago

Chicago ndi nyumba zina zofunikira kwambiri ku United States. Panali ngakhale kayendedwe ka zomangamanga ka William Le Baron Jenney komwe kanatchedwa Chicago School, komwe kunayambitsa malo ambiri a Chicago. Kutenga ulendo wopanga mapulani a Chicago ndi njira yabwino yodziwira mzindawo ndikupeza zinthu zochepa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino. Ulendo wabwino kuti uyambe ndi kuyang'ana pa nyumba zina za m'mudzi wa Loop.

Choyamba kuyima ndi ku Art Institute ya Chicago yotchuka (111 S. Michigan Ave.). Mu 1891, akatswiri a zomangamanga John Root ndi Daniel Burnham anapatsidwa udindo woyang'anira ntchito yomanga pafupi ndi nyanja ya Chicago ku World's Columbian Exposure mu 1893. Mphukira inkawonetsa zojambula zamakono zamakono, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi Chikitsiro cha Chicago, koma Root mwadzidzidzi adamwalira chibayo asanayambe ntchito. Burnham ndi ena adasintha mapangidwe a Root ku mapangidwe a zojambula za Neoclassical Beaux-Arts , omwe ali otchuka kwambiri ku Art Institute. Nyumbayo ndi yofanana, ndi mipando yambiri, mapepala opumula ndi zipilala zofanana ndi kalembedwe. Ngati mutayang'ana pamwamba pa nyumbayo, mayina a ojambula ambiri otchuka amajambula mu mwala - malingaliro okhumba kwambiri pa gawo la okonza - popeza palibe aliyense wa ojambula omwe ali ndi ntchito zosonyezedwa kumusamu.

Kumbali ya kumpoto ndi Modern Wing , ndipo mapangidwe ake ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga Renzo Piano akusiyana kwambiri ndi nyumba yaikulu.

Zindikirani izi: Mikango yotchuka ya mkuwa yam'nyumba yosungiramo masitepe ikuwoneka ngati yofanana poyamba, koma sali kwenikweni. Mkango kumapeto kwakumwera "umakhala ndi mtima wonyansidwa" ndipo mkango wotsiriza wa kumpoto "uli pamtunda."

Tikuthokoza kwambiri Margaret Hicks kuchokera ku Chicago Architecture Foundation kuti awatsogolere panthawiyi.

--wotchedwa Chicago Travel Expert Audarshia Townsend

02 pa 10

Imani 2: Harold Washington Library

Tsatirani njira ya Michigan ku msewu wa kummwera kwa Jackson, pita kumbali ya kummwera kwa msewu, tembenukira kumanja ndikupita ku Plymouth Court. Tayang'anani kumanzere kwanu ndipo mudzawona Harold Washington Library (400 S. State St.) ikukwera pamwamba pa misewu ya sitima. Anatsegulidwa mu 1991 ndipo panthawi yomwe nyumba yaikulu yamabuku ya anthu padziko lonse, nyumbayi imatchulidwa dzina la Mayor Harold Washington, yemwe adamuthandiza kuthetsa ntchito, koma anamwalira asanaimangidwe.

Ngakhale Harold Washington Library ikuwoneka ngati chisokonezo, kapangidwe ka hodgepodge kwenikweni ndikupembedza ku Chicago; zojambulazo sizikanakwanira paliponse m'dziko. Mawindo a njerwa ndi mawindo ake omwe akuwoneka bwino kwambiri ndi friezes ndi chithunzi chazithunzi za Beaux Arts kuzungulira mzindawo, ndipo ngati mukuyenda mozungulira nyumbayo mudzazindikira njerwa ndi chida. Mphepete mwa nsalu zamakono zowoneka ndi galasi, ndikugwedeza kwa Mies van der Rohe . Chokongoletsera pa nyumbayi chikuphatikizapo nkhope ya Ceres - mulungu wamkazi wachiroma wakukula zomera - komanso chimanga ndi mbewu zambewu, kufotokoza mbiri yakale ya ulimi wa Midwest.

03 pa 10

Imani 3: Nyumba Yopanga Monadnock

Bwererani kumbuyo Jackson njira zazing'ono kumadzulo ku Dearborn Street ndipo mudzapeza nokha kutsogolo kwa nyumba ya Monadnock (53 W. Jackson Blvd.). Pa mtunda wa mamita 197 ndipo unamangidwa mu 1893, anthu ambiri amadziwika kuti ndipamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale ngati ena angawone kuti n'zosatheka, chowonadi ndi chakuti nyumba yayitali kwambiri yokhazikika ndi mazenera azithunzi mosiyana ndi zitsulo zogwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano.

Makoma omwe ali pansi pa nyumbayi ndi mamita asanu ndi limodzi kuti akwanitse kulemera kwa nyumbayo. Makoma akunja amatha kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono ndikupita molunjika asanatulukire pamwamba. Mawindo amenewa, ndi mawindo ang'onoang'ono a bay, ndizo zokongoletsera zokha pa nyumbayi.

04 pa 10

Imani 4: Federal Center

Yoyenda kudutsa msewu wochokera ku Monadnock ndi Nyumba ya Kluczynski Federal (230 S. Dearborn St.), yokonzedwa ndi mlengi wotchuka Mies van der Rohe . Mtundu wake "wocheperapo" wa Bauhaus uli pawonekera kwathunthu pano. Nyumba zazikuluzikulu ziwiri zomwe zili pakati ndi zazikulu, zida zakuda za galasi ndi zitsulo. Mosiyana ndi malo ena okhala mumzinda omwe ali ndi akasupe, udzu ndi malo okhalamo, malowa ku Federal Center ndi ozizira, osadziwika ndipo malo okhala ochepa amakhala ndi mabala awiri a marble, ndipo akuphatikizidwa ndi ofesi imodzi ya positi, zonse zimagwira ntchito kwambiri.

Koma izo sizikutanthauza kuti van der Rohe analibe diso lililonse. Malo ogulitsira magalasi onse anali opangidwa mwachangu, kuti amangirire mu matabwa a granite a malowa kumalo okongola a granite m'chipinda cholandirira alendo. Mbalame zakuda zomwe zimayenderera kumbali ya nyumbayi, pamene zikuwoneka zamakina, zimakhala zokongola kwambiri.

Zindikirani izi: Monga chitsimikiziro cha kudzipereka kwa van der Rohe kwa tsatanetsatane, yima pa malowa ndikuyang'anizana ndi nyumbayi. Ndi diso lanu, tsatirani mzere uliwonse pakati pa matanthwe a granite ndipo muwone kuti akufanana bwino ndi i-mizati kuti apange mzere wopitirira kuchokera pansi mpaka kumanga.

05 ya 10

Imani 5: Kumanga Kwachitsulo cha Inland

Dera lina likuyenda kumpoto kwa Dearborn mpaka Monroe, ndipo kumpoto chakum'maŵa chakum'mawa ndi malo otchuka a Building Inland Steel (30 W. Monroe St.). Yomangidwa mu 1957, nyumbayi imatamandidwa ngati kulowa kwa Chicago kumalo omangamanga atsopano pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Komanso pali kusiyana kwakumanga nyumba yapamwamba ku Chicago pambuyo pa kupsinjika Kwakukulu zaka zoposa makumi awiri zisanachitike.

Oyenera kupatsidwa kuti amamangidwa monga likulu kwa kampani yachitsulo, kunja kumakhala ndi kuvekedwa kwachitsulo chosasunthika. Nyumbayo yokhayo ili ndi mbali ziwiri zosiyana - nsanja yapafupi ndi malo a ofesi ya Dearborn, pamene nsanja ya kum'maŵa ili ndi zipangizo zonse zothandiza. Kukonzekera kumeneku kunalola kuti ofesi ya maofesi ikhale yokhazikika ndi zigawo za kunja, kuti malo aofesi athetsegulidwe kuti athe kugwiritsira ntchito pulogalamu iliyonse yofunidwa ndi wogulitsa.

Zindikirani izi: Mzere wochepa kwambiri wazitsulo womwe umagawidwa pansi pazenera sikuti umangokongoletsera - unakhazikitsidwa pofuna kuthandizira kuchepetsa mphamvu yakugwedeza pansi pamwamba pa galasi yomwe inapatsa munthu kumverera kuti iwo akhoza kugwa. "Fomu imatsatira ntchito" ikugonjanso.

06 cha 10

Imani 6: Building Building Carson Pirie

Yendani kum'maŵa ku Monroe kupita ku State Street, ndipo mudzapeza Carson Pirie Scott Building , yokonzedwa ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga Louis Sullivan .

Yomangidwa mu 1899 ndipo idagulitsidwa kwa Carson Pirie Scott mu 1904, idakhala malo akuluakulu ogulitsira malonda mpaka Carson atsekedwa mu 2007. Nyumbayo ndizitsulo, kuti mawindo aakulu, apange mawonekedwe abwino ndi malo abwino kuti asonyeze malonda. Ndilo nsanja yokongola yosungira pa khomo la pakhomo la chipinda chakumanga chokongoletsera chachitsulo chomwe chimayang'ana pa diso la woyendayenda kuchokera ku State ndi Madison Street - chitsanzo china cha "mawonekedwe amatsatira ntchito."

Zindikirani izi: Atachoka Carson atatuluka, eni eni ake anamutcha Sullivan Center. Popeza kuti inali "Carson's Building" kwa zaka zoposa 100, dzina latsopanolo likhoza kutenga mbadwo kapena awiri kuti agwirepo.

07 pa 10

Imani 7: Kumanga Kudalira

Pansi pa msewu kuchokera ku Carson's Building pa ngodya yamakono ya State ndi Washington ndi National Religie Building (1 W. Washington St.), National Historic Landmark. Yopangidwa ndi Charles Atwood, katswiri wa zomangamanga ku Daniel Burnham, yemwe amadziwika kuti ndi nyumba yoyamba kumangidwira ndi galasi monga mbali yaikulu ya chiwonetsero chake, zomwe ndizofala masiku ano. Kutsirizidwa mu 1895, ndi chitsanzo choyambirira cha "School of Chicago" ya kukonzedwa. Nyumbayi tsopano ili ndi Hotel Burnham ndi Atwood, zomveka bwino ku mbiri yakale ya Reliance.

08 pa 10

Imani 8: Nyumba ya Marshall Field

Kubwerera kudera lakummawa kwa State Street, Nyumba ya Marshall Field yokhala ndi mawotchi otchuka a ngodya ndi mawindo a tchuthi ndi nyumba yachiwiri yogulitsa malonda padziko lonse. National Historic Landmark, gawo loyambirira la nyumbayo linamangidwa mu 1879 ndipo kenaka linawonjezeredwa kuti likhale nyumba yaikulu kwambiri lero, kudzaza mzinda wonse. Nyumbayi inali nyumba ya sitolo ya Marshall Field ndi Company kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka 2006, pamene mndandanda unagwirizanitsidwa pamodzi ndi Federated Department Stores ndipo inakhala Macy yogulitsa malo osungirako Chicago , ndikutsutsabe anthu okhala ku Chicago kufikira lero. Poyang'ana mbiri ya nyumbayi, Mgwirizano watuluka m'mipando ya "Marshall Field ndi Company" yomwe ili pambali pa nyumbayo.

Zindikirani izi: Onetsetsani kuti muyimire pazamu zisanu zam'mbali kumbali yakum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa nyumbayi, yomwe ili ndi denga la Tiffany.

09 ya 10

Imani 9: Aon Center

Yendani kum'maŵa ku Madison ku Millennium Park , ndipo mudzapeza Aon Center (yomwe poyamba inali Nyumba ya Amoco, ndi Standard Standard Building patsogolo). Pomalizidwa mu 1973, Aon Center ndi nyumba yachitatu yachitali kwambiri ku Chicago. Anachotsedwa pamalo ake achiwiri kumbuyo kwa Willis Tower mu 2008 chitatha Trump Tower .

Ntchito yomanga yomanga Aon Center inali yofanana ndi nsanja za World Trade Center ku New York City, ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe omwewo. Mbali za nyumbayi zinayambidwa pamtengo wa Marrake wa ku Italy, koma ojambula ankagwiritsa ntchito mababu omwe anali ochepa kwambiri omwe anali olakwika kwambiri. Pambuyo pa zaka zowonjezera, eni nyumbayo anayenera kumasulira nyumba yonseyo Granite mmalo mwake ndi nyimbo ya $ 80 miliyoni.

10 pa 10

Imani 10: Michigan Avenue Cliff

Pita kummwera kwa Michigan Avenue ndipo uone Cliff Dwellers Club , yomwe kale inkadziwika kuti Historic Michigan Boulevard District. Kuchokera ku Randolph Street kum'mwera mpaka 11th Street, n'zosavuta kuona momwe adalandira moniker yake. Nyumbayi ikuphatikizana mosagwirizana ngakhale kuti mapangidwe awo amamangidwa, onse ali ndi njira yofanana yochokera mumsewu, ndipo imapereka malo abwino kwambiri a m'matauni. Gwetsani pansi chigawo chimodzi ndipo mutabwerera kumene ulendo wathu unayambika, Art Institute ya Chicago .