Mfundo za DC's Statehood
Chigawo cha Columbia si boma, ndi dera la federal. Pamene lamulo la United States linakhazikitsidwa mu 1787, tsopano gawo la District of Columbia linali mbali ya dziko la Maryland. Mu 1791, Chigawocho chinatumizidwa ku boma la federal kuti likhale likulu la dziko, dera lomwe liyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi Congress.
Kodi DC Imasiyana Bwanji ndi Boma?
Kusintha kwa 10 kwa malamulo a US Constitution kumanena kuti mphamvu zonse zoperekedwa kwa boma sizisungidwa kwa mayiko ndi anthu.
Ngakhale kuti District of Columbia ili ndi boma la boma, limalandira ndalama kuchokera ku boma la federal ndipo likudalira malamulo ochokera ku Congress kuti avomereze malamulo ake ndi bajeti. Madera a DC ali ndi ufulu wodzisankhira Pulezidenti kuyambira mu 1964 komanso kwa a Meya ndi a council council kuyambira 1973. Mosiyana ndi mayiko omwe angasankhe oweruza awo, Purezidenti amaika oweruza ku Khothi Lalikulu. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, werengani DC Government 101 - Zomwe Mukudziwa Zokhudza Malamulo, Mabungwe ndi Zambiri
Nzika (pafupifupi 600,000) za District of Columbia zimalipira misonkho yowonjezera ya boma komanso yapakhomo koma alibe utsogoleri wodemokrasi ku Senate ya ku US kapena a US House of Representatives. Kuyimira ku Congress kumangokhala kwa nthumwi yosakhala voti ku Nyumba ya Oimira ndi mthunzi wa Senema. Zaka zaposachedwa, aderali akufunafuna Statehood kuti adzalandire ufulu wovota.
Iwo sanapambanebe. Werengani zambiri za ufulu wotsutsana ndi DC
Mbiri ya kukhazikitsidwa kwa District of Columbia
Pakati pa 1776 ndi 1800, Congress inakumana m'malo osiyanasiyana. Malamulo oyendetsera dziko sankasankha malo enieni a malo a mpando wamuyaya wa boma.
Kukhazikitsa dera la boma linali nkhani yotsutsana yomwe inagawaniza Amereka kwa zaka zambiri. Pa July 16, 1790, Congress idapatsa lamulo la Residence Act, lomwe linaloleza Pulezidenti George Washington kuti asankhe malo a likulu la dzikoli ndikuika akuluakulu atatu kuti aziyang'anira chitukukochi. Washington inasankha malo okwana makilomita khumi kuchokera ku malo a Maryland ndi Virginia omwe anali mbali zonse ziwiri za Mtsinje wa Potomac. Mu 1791, Washington anasankha Thomas Johnson, Daniel Carroll, ndi David Stuart kuti aziyang'anira kukonzekera, kukonza, ndi kupeza katundu m'deralo. Komitiyi idatcha dzina lakuti "Washington" kuti lilemekeze Purezidenti.
Mu 1791, Pulezidenti anasankha Pierre Charles L'Enfant, wojambula nyumba wa ku America ndi wa zomangamanga wa ku France, kuti akonze dongosolo la mzinda watsopano. Mzinda wa mzindawu, galasi loyambira ku United States Capitol , unakhazikitsidwa pamwamba pa phiri lozungulira mtsinje wa Potomac, Eastern Branch (womwe tsopano umatchedwa Anacostia River ) ndi Rock Creek. Misewu yochuluka yomwe ikuyenda kumpoto-kumwera ndi kummawa-kumadzulo inapanga gulu. Njira zazikuluzikulu zosiyana siyana zomwe zimatchedwa mayiko a mgwirizanowu atadutsa grid. Pamene "njira zazikulu" izi zinadutsa, mitsegu yotseguka m'magulu ndi malo otchedwa plazas anatchulidwa ndi otchuka a ku America.
Mpando wa boma unasamukira ku mzinda watsopano mu 1800. Chigawo cha Columbia ndi madera akumidzi omwe sanagwirizane nawo ndidakonzedwa ndi Bungwe la Commissioners atatu. Mu 1802, Congress inathetsa Bungwe la Commissioners, inaphatikizapo Washington City, ndipo inakhazikitsa boma lokhazikika ndi a meya omwe anasankhidwa ndi mutsogoleli wadziko ndi bungwe lapadera la anthu khumi ndi awiri. Mu 1878, Congress inadutsa bungwe la Organic Act kuti likhale ndi okonzeka atatu omwe aikidwa pulezidenti, kubwezeretsa theka la bajeti ya chaka chilichonse ndi Congressional approval ndi mgwirizano uliwonse pa $ 1,000 pa ntchito zapagulu. Congress inadutsa Chigawo cha Columbia Self-Government ndi Government Reorganization Act mu 1973 kukhazikitsira dongosolo lino kwa mtsogoleri wodzisankhira ndi bungwe la anthu 13 omwe ali ndi ulamuliro wa malamulo ndi zoletsedwa ndi Congress.