Mpainiya Wopanga Mafilimu ndi Wotsatsa Zamagetsi Anasintha Pagalimoto ndi Mafilimu a Movie
Ngati mwasandutsa kuthawira kwa mwezi wa Endor pa Disney's Star Tours kapena muli ndi laser wodzitetezera ndi Gru pa Mexicon Mexicon Mayhem ku Universal Park, muli Douglas Trumbull kuti muyamike.
Ngakhale kuti sadagwirizane ndi zokopa, anali Trumbull yemwe analimbikitsa lingaliro ndi luso la kuyendetsa kayendetsedwe ka simulator komwe kunapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka. Anawona zosangalatsa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndege zoyendetsa ndege zogwiritsira ntchito zamalonda zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa oyendetsa ndege ndi kumanga maulendo oyendetsa sitima.
Kukonzekera kwake kosokoneza bongo kunayambika mu nthawi yatsopano zokopa zofalitsa zofalitsa mafilimu kumapaki ndi malo ena.
Pambuyo pa kukwera kwa simulator, chidwi cha Trumbull ndi filimu komanso kuyesa kwake kukonza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti agwire ndi kusewera zithunzithunzi zosuntha zamupangitsa kuti ayende ulendo wopita, monga akunenera, "kupanga zosawerengeka ndizochitika." Ali panjira, akutsutsa ziwonetsero zamakono zochititsa chidwi za mafilimu ndipo adapanga makina osangalatsa omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi maphwando akuluakulu ndi zosangalatsa zawo.
Onani nyengo ya Podcast ndi Doug Trumbull, momwe ine ndagwira nawo ntchito. Amakamba zambiri za ntchito yake yayitali komanso magetsi ake atsopano.
Zaka Zakale
Atabadwa mu 1942 ku Los Angeles, California, Trumbull nayenso ankakhudzidwa ndi abambo ake, injiniya ndi osakaniza, komanso amayi ake, ojambula. Anapereka DNA yabwino komanso malo abwino kuti azisamalira njira ya hybrid techno-art career.
Anawononga mabuku a sayansi yongopeka monga wamng'ono. Trumbull ankayang'ana mwachidwi pamene Disneyland anali kumangidwanso ndipo ankakonda kuyendera pakiyo itatha. Anakondwera kwambiri ndi chiwonetsero choyambirira, The Art of Animation , ndipo adakhudzidwa ndi kuthekera kwa kulenga dziko lapansi.
"Kupanga zojambula zimabwera ndi moyo ndipo zimawachititsa kuti azungulire ngati iwe kumwamba."
Atatha maphunziro ena ojambula ku koleji ya kumudzi, ntchito yoyamba ya Trumbull inali pa studio ya film yomwe inapanga mafilimu a NASA. Pa imodzi mwa ntchito zake, adathandizira kukonza malo a NASA, Ku Mwezi ndi Pambuyo , chifukwa cha Chiwonetsero cha Worldwide cha 1964 cha New York . Idasindikizidwa ku Cinerama 360 , mawonekedwe oyambirira a mawonekedwe, ndikuwonetsedwa pa dome. Wolemba mabuku Arthur C. Clarke ndi wojambula mafilimu Stanley Kubrick adawona kukopa, ndipo Kubrick analemba kampaniyo Trumbull kuti athandizire kupanga mapangidwe apadera pa filimu yake yodziwika bwino ya sayansi, 2001: Space Odyssey .
Mafilimu Akuluakulu a Hollywood Maven
Trumbull adalankhula ndi ntchito yogwira ntchito kwa Kubrick ndipo, pofika zaka za m'ma 20s, adatha kuyang'anitsitsa zochitika za 2001 . Anayambitsa kujambula kojambula zithunzi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafilimuyi. Trumbull amaona mochedwa mtsogoleri wamasomphenya ndi wothandizira. "Kugwira ntchito ndi Kubrick kunandisonyeza kuti filimuyo ikhoza kukhala yowona - kuti omvera angakhale gawo la filimuyi," akutero. "Ankagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zomwe zilipo chaka cha 2001 , kuphatikizapo Cinerama, zojambula zazikulu zowonongeka, mau a stereo a kanema asanu ndi limodzi - chilichonse chomwe chinatengera kuti omvera achoke mumlengalenga."
Pogwira ntchito limodzi ndi olamulira ena otchuka kwambiri ku Hollywood, Trumbull anapanga zotsatira za mafilimu awo akuluakulu. Ndalama zake zimaphatikizapo Misonkhano Yachiwiri Yotsatizana ndi Steven Spielberg, Blade Runner kwa Ridley Scott, ndi Star Trek: Chithunzi cha Motion ndi The Andromeda Strain kwa Robert Wise. Anatulutsanso mafilimu ake, kuphatikizapo Silent Running ndi Brainstorm .
Kubwerera ku zochitika
Mu 1972, Trumbull anayamba mgwirizano wofufuza ndi chitukuko ndi Paramount Pictures kuti afufuze zipangizo zamakono zatsopano zopanga mafilimu. Anapanga Showscan, ndondomeko yomwe imaonetsa mafilimu pa mafelemu 60 pamphindi mmalo mwa mafelemu 24 omwe ali nawo pamphindi. Pa mlingo wapamwamba wamakono, mavuto monga kusokoneza ndi kugunda amachepetsedwa kapena amachotsedwa, ndipo mafano ndi owopsa, momveka bwino, komanso "weniweni."
Chidziwitso chiyenera kukhala chiwonetsero choyamba cha filimu ndikuwonetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Showscan, koma zovutazo zinayang'anizana ndi mavuto ambiri kuphatikizapo kutaya mwadzidzidzi kwa nyenyezi yake, Natalie Wood, yemwe adafa panthawi yokayikitsa. Zomwe zinamuchitikirazo zinamugwedeza Trumbull, ndipo adachokera ku bizinesi ya zamalonda. Imax yawonetsa Showscan monga muyeso wawukulu, womwe unathetsa Showscan ngati mwini luso lamakono lamakono. (Chodabwitsa, Patumapeto pake Trumbull adagula Imax ndi ena amalonda, ndipo anathandiza kuwonjezera masewero akuluakulu owonetsera mafilimu ndikuwapangitsa kukhala nawo mafilimu owonetsera.)
Pokhala m'malo mwa malo apadera, Trumbull adamutsata chilakolako chake chothetsa zolepheretsa pakati pa omvera ndi mafilimu. Mu 1974, ali ku Paramount, adapanga ndi kusonyeza chiwonetsero cha ulendo woyamba woyimirira. Anabwerera ku lingaliro mu 1985 ndipo analimbikitsa Tour of the Universe , yomwe idatsegulidwa ku Toronto ndipo inali yoyamba yopita kwa anthu oimiririra. Pogwiritsa ntchito mtunduwu ndikuwonetsa kuti umakhala wotheka, Trumbull anatsegula chitseko kuti asayende pang'onopang'ono, koma zonse zokopa, zokopa zamagetsi.
Universal Studios Florida anabweretsa Trumbull kuti ayambe kujambula filimuyi ndikuthandizira kuti ayambe kuyenda mofulumira, kubwerera ku tsogolo labwino ... The Ride , yomwe idatsegulidwa mu 1991. Ulendowu unali nthawi yomweyo ndipo inathandiza kusintha chithunzi ndi chuma cha vutoli- malo otsekedwa. Kukopa, komwe kunawomberedwa mu 70mm ndipo kunakonzedweratu ku dome la Omnimax, kunatsegulidwanso kutchuka kwambiri ku Universal Studios Hollywood . Kubwerera ku Tsogolo ... Njirayi yatha kutsekedwa, ndipo Simpsons Ride yalowa m'malo mwake.
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, Trumbull ndi kampani yake ya Massachusetts inakonza zochitika zitatu ku Luxor Hotel ndi Casino ku Las Vegas. (Izi ndizochitika panthawi yomwe Sin City ankafuna kuti adzikonzekerere ngati malo ochezera a pabanja.) Zosangalatsazi zinalongosola nkhani yowona, koma amagwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu, kuphatikizapo kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka simulator ndi filimu 48 yamphindi ndi yachiwiri, Showscan filimu yomwe imasewera ngati maulendo amoyo (omwe amachotsedwa pang'ono ndi mawonekedwe ake apamwamba kwambiri), ndi "Theatre of the Future," yomwe ili ndi chithunzi chachikulu, chowonekera komanso filimu 48 yachiwiri ya VistaVision. Zosangalatsa zakhala zitatsekedwa.
Tsogolo Limawoneka Bwino
Akupitiriza kuyatsa misewu ndikukweza ma envulopu zamakono ndi zamakono zamakono ku Trumbull Studios. Iye amafufuza ndi kusintha maulendo onse payekha pofunafuna cinematic wangwiro. Trumbull akuti, "Ngati mukufuna kutsimikizira dongosolo la manjenje la umunthu kuti zomwe zikuwoneka ndi zenizeni," adatero Trumbull, "mukufunikira kuthetsa, kuunika konse, mlingo wa fomu yonse, ndi chilichonse chimene mungachite kuti chiwoneke ngati zenera pazowona. "
Pofuna kupanga zithunzi zojambulidwa (vuto lodziwika ndi malo owonetsera mafilimu ndizochepa zomwe zimawoneka bwino, zomwe zingapangitse zithunzi zamatope), walunjika pa onse opanga ndi masewera. Pogwiritsa ntchito chithunzi cha Torus, chomwe chili ndi teknoloji yowonongeka ndipo imakhala yokhotakhota, Trumbull imatha kuyendetsa kuwala komwe kumatsimikiziridwa kwa omvetsera, motero kuzipangitsa kuwala kowala kwambiri. Wapanganso dongosolo lowonetsera retina lomwe limadutsa ma skrini kwathunthu ndipo limatumiza zithunzi molunjika kwa maso a owona. Zojambula zina zimaphatikizapo galasi yowonjezera mphamvu yomwe makamera opanga makamera angasunthe mosavuta. Ili ndi makina apadera omwe amayang'ana kayendetsedwe kawo ndipo, pokhudzana ndi dongosolo la Patumbled, ili ndi kachilombo kamene kamatha kukhazikitsa malo enieni omwe amaikidwa nthawi yeniyeni.
Koma chitukuko chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi Magi, Trumbull amene akugwira ntchito mwatsopano pa teknoloji yapamwamba yamakono. Ilo limaphatikiza chiganizo cha 3D, 4K, ndi mafelemu 120 pamphindi - 120! - kupereka zochitika zomwe zikugwirizana kwambiri ndi cholinga chake chofuna kuchotsa kusiyana pakati pa nkhani ndi mauthenga. Chiyembekezo chotsimikizika kuti chilolezo cha telojiya kwa opanga mafilimu ndi okongola ojambula.
Kulumikizana kofooka ku zokopa zochokera kuzinthu zofalitsa ndizofalitsa. Zochitika monga Universal's Harry Potter ndi Ulendo Woletsedwa zingakhale zodabwitsa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamatsenga. Kusintha mafilimu omwe amawoneka ndi mdima komanso ophwanyika ndi mawonekedwe a hyper-reality, high-frame-rate angapangitse ulendowo kuti umveke bwino.
Trumbull ikugwiritsanso ntchito Magi Pods, malo opangira mafilimu omwe angasonyeze luso lamakanema latsopano. Akuyembekeza kugulitsa masewera ku malo apadera, kuphatikizapo malo odyetsera masewera. Malo owonetserako mafilimu angakhale ndi zinthu zina zapaki (monga Looney Tunes kapena Media League pa malo asanu ndi limodzi a Flags) kapena mafilimu ambiri omwe amawonetsedwa ndi Trumbull. Amakumbukiranso zochitika zapadera monga Mafilimu omwe amauza oyang'anira kuti azisonyeza mafilimu atsopano okhudza masewera ovuta, nyimbo, kapena mitundu ina.