Zakudya, chikhalidwe ndi mbiri
Hakka ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yosiyana kwambiri ya China ndi Hong Kong yomwe ili ndi zipewa ndi zovala zakuda. Ngakhale iwo si fuko losiyana - iwo ali mbali ya ambiri a Chinese Chinese - ali ndi zikondwerero zawo, chakudya ndi mbiri. Ambiri amatchulidwa kuti anthu a Hakka.
Ndi angati Hakka?
Chiwerengero cha Hakka chikusiyana. Anthu amakhulupirira kuti ndi anthu 80 miliyoni a ku China omwe amakhulupirira kuti ali a Hakka, ngakhale kuti chiwerengero chawo chomwe ali ndi Hakka ndi chochepa kwambiri ndipo chiwerengero chomwe chilankhulo cha Hakka chikutsikabe.
Mphamvu ya chidziwitso cha Hakka ndi mderalo zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri kuchokera ku chipatala kupita ku dera.
Hakka amatanthauza mlendo; dzina lopatsidwa kwa anthu omwe anali okhala mu China okondwa kwambiri. A Hakka anali ochokera kumpoto kwa China koma kwa zaka zambiri iwo analimbikitsidwa - ndi Imperial lamulo - kukonza mbali zina zapakati za ufumuwo. Anali ndi njala chifukwa cha ulimi wawo komanso anali ndi lupanga, a Hakka anasamukira ku China chakum'mwera kwa China komwe adapeza dzina lawo.
Mumvetse Chilankhulo cha Hakka
The Hakka ali ndi chinenero chawo ndipo chimalankhulidwabe. Chilankhulochi chimafanana ndi Chi Cantonese - ngakhale kuti sizimagwirizananso - komanso zimayanjananso ndi Mandarin.
Chifukwa cha kusamuka kwakukulu kwa nthawi yaitali chotero, zilankhulidwe zosiyanasiyana za Hakka zatuluka ndipo sizinthu zonse zodziwika bwino. Mofanana ndi zinenero zina zachi China, Hakka amadalira malire ndipo nambala yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinenero zosiyanasiyana zimasiyanasiyana kuyambira 5 mpaka 7.
Community Hakka ndi Culture
Kwa ambiri, chikhalidwe cha Hakka chikutanthauza Hakka cuisine. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi dera limene amakhazikitsa, Hakka ali ndi zosavuta - nthawi zambiri amchere, zofiira kapena mbewu za mpiru - komanso zakudya zina monga nkhuku yophika mchere kapena mimba ya nkhumba ndi masamba a mpiru.
Mudzapeza malo odyera akutumikira ku Hakka ku Hong Kong , Taiwan, ndi madera ambiri a ku China.
Kuwonjezera pa chakudya, Hakka amadziwikanso ndi zomangamanga. Atafika kuchokera kumpoto kwa China adakhazikitsa midzi yokhala ndi mipanda kuti awononge ziwawa ndi mabanja ena a Hakka ndi anthu ammudzi. Zina mwa izi zapulumuka, makamaka midzi yamatawuni ya Hong Kong .
The Hakka imakhalanso ndi kavalidwe kawirikawiri yotchedwa kudzichepetsa komanso frugality, yomwe imatanthauza zambiri zakuda. Ngakhale kuti sizinayambanso kuona, kavalidwe kodziwika ndi kachitidwe ka akazi achikulire mu madiresi akuda wakuda ndi zipewa zazikulu zomwe zinkapangidwira kugunda dzuwa likamagwira ntchito kumunda.
Alikuti Hakka Today?
Ambiri mwa anthu a Hakka masiku ano akukhalabe m'chigawo cha Guangdong ndi Hong Kong - pafupifupi 65% - ndipo pano pali chikhalidwe chawo komanso malo awo okhalabe. Palinso madera ambiri m'madera oyandikana nawo - makamaka Fujian ndi Sichuan.
Monga momwe dzina lawo limatchulira Hakka ndi anthu othawa kwawo ndipo pali madera ku US, Britain, Australia, Singapore, Taiwan ndi mayiko ena ambiri.
The Hakka ku Hong Kong
The Hakka ndizochepa ku Hong Kong.
Kufikira zaka za m'ma 1970 anthu ambiri adakhalabe ogwira nawo ntchito ndikulima komanso amakhala m'madera ozungulira - nthawi zambiri m'midzi kumpoto kwa Hong Kong. Kusintha kwachangu kwa Hong Kong; ma skyscrapers, mabanki ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa mzinda kumatanthauza zambiri mwa izi zasintha. Kulima sikumangokhala makampani a kanyumba ku Hong Kong ndipo achinyamata ambiri amakopeka ndi nyali zowala za mzinda waukuluwo. Koma Hong Kong akadakali malo osangalatsa kuti akumane ndi chikhalidwe cha Hakka.
Yesani mudzi wa Hakka wotchedwa Tsang Tai Uk, umene uli ndi khoma lakunja, nyumba ya alonda ndi holo. Mudzapezanso akazi a hakka atavala zovala zachikhalidwe ngakhale akuyembekezera kuti akulipirani ngati mutenga chithunzi chawo.