Chimene munthu aliyense woyendayenda amafunikira kudziwa za kusintha kwa ndalama
Yosinthidwa ndi Joe Cortez, March 2018
Ngati mukukonzekera kuti mupite kunja kwina kulikonse, mwinamwake mudzapeza mawu akuti "mlingo wosinthana". Ndi chiyani? Kodi mukufunikira kudziwa chiyani za izo musanapange ulendo wanu? Ndipo zingakupulumutseni bwanji paulendo wanu?
Kodi mlingo wosinthanasinthana ndi wotani?
Ndalama zosinthanitsa ndichinyengo ndizofunika mtengo pakati pa ndalama ziwiri. Mwachidule ndi The Balance: "Kusinthanitsa mitengo ndi ndalama imodzi yomwe mungathe kusinthana wina."
Paulendo, malire osinthana amafotokozedwa ndi ndalama zingati, kapena kuchuluka kwa ndalama zakunja, zomwe mungagule ndi dola imodzi ya US. Ndalama zowonjezera zimatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa pesos , euro, kapena baht mungapeze dola imodzi ya US (kapena chomwe chiwerengero cha dola imodzi chigula mu dziko lina).
Kodi ndikuwerengera bwanji mlingo wosinthanitsa nawo?
Kuwerengera ndalama za kusinthanitsa ndi kosavuta, koma kungasinthe tsiku ndi tsiku. Mwachitsanzo: tiyeni tizinena kuti ndalama za Euro ndi 0,825835. Izi zikutanthauza kuti US Dollar imodzi imagula, kapena ikhoza kusinthanitsa, kapena "yothandiza" 0.825835 euro.
Kuti mupeze ndalama zokwanira madola awiri, mugawani 1 (monga ndalama imodzi) ndi 0,825835 kuti muwerengere ndalama zambiri za US $ 1.21. Choncho:
- 1 USD = 0.825835 Ma Euros
- 1 Euro = 1.21090 USD
Pogwiritsira ntchito mlingo wosinthanitsa, mukhoza kuona $ 1yi mofanana ndi ma Euro 80. Madola awiri a US ali ofanana pafupifupi 1,65 Euro, pamene ma Euro awiri ali pafupifupi $ 2.40 mu ndalama za US.
Inde, pali njira zosavuta kuti mudziwe mlingo wa kusinthana m'dziko limene mukuyendera. Mawebusaiti ndi mapulogalamu owonetsera ndalama, monga osintha ndalama za XE ndi makina osinthika, akhoza kukuthandizani kusankha mwanzeru za ndalama zanu musanayambe ulendo wanu.
Kodi ndalama zosinthana ndi ndalama zimakhala zotani?
Ndalama zambiri zosinthana ndi ndalama zomwe mungasinthe ndizosinthanitsa ndalama zosinthanitsa. Izi ndizo, mlingo wa kusinthanitsa ukhoza kuwuka kapena kuchepa chifukwa cha chuma.
Zinthuzi zingasinthe tsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi zambiri ndi tizigawo ting'onoting'ono panthawi yaulendo wanu.
Maiko osinthika osasinthasintha pakati pa ndalama amatsimikiziridwa ndi msika wogulitsa malonda, kapena "forex" mwachidule. Misika iyi imayendera mitengo yomwe amalonda akugula ndalama imodzi ndi ina, ndi chiyembekezo chopanga ndalama zambiri pamene ndalama za fuko limenelo zimapeza mphamvu.
Mwa chitsanzo cha kusintha kwachangu kusintha, yang'anani kusintha pakati pa United States ndi Canada. Mu April 2017, imodzi ya US Dollar inali yoyenera madola 1.28 a Canadian Dollars. Pakati pa April ndi August 2017, mtengowu unatsika ndi pafupifupi masenti asanu ndi atatu, kuchititsa kuti dollar ya Canada ikhale yowonjezera mphamvu. Koma kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2018, American Dollar inapeza mphamvu. Ngati mutapitako ku Niagara Falls, ku Canada mu May 2017, ndalama zanu za American Dollars zikanakhala zokwanira madola 1.37 a Canadian Dollars, ndikukupatsani mphamvu yowonjezera. Koma ngati mutatenga ulendo womwewo mu September 2017, ndalama zanu za ku America zikanakhala zokwanira madola 1,21 a Canada Dollars iliyonse - kutayika kwakukulu mu mphamvu ya ndalama.
Kodi mlingo wosinthidwa ndi wotani?
Ngakhale kuti mayiko ochuluka amalingalira kusiyana kwa ndalama zawo pa msika wosinthanitsa ndi mayiko akunja, mayiko ena amayendetsa ndalama zowonjezera ndalama zawo zotsutsana ndi mayiko ena.
Izi zimatchedwa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zosinthanitsa.
Maboma osiyanasiyana amatha kukhala ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana kuti azikhala ndi ndalama zosinthanitsa. Ku Cuba, komwe Peso ya Convertible ya Cuba imakhala yofanana ndi imodzi ya Amerika Dollar, mayiko a US ndi kusiyana kwa ndale zinachititsa kuti boma la Cuba lichite madola oyendayenda mofanana ndi madola a America. Panthawiyi ku China, boma limasankha "kukweza" ndalama zawo motsutsana ndi Dollar, zomwe zikutsogolera ena kuti aganizire kuti dziko lopambana kwambiri padziko lonse ndi "wogulitsa ndalama."
Lingalirani izi monga izi: Kusintha kosinthika kumafuna kukhalabe "osasunthika" kusinthanitsa ndalama poyang'anira ndalama zambiri zakunja, pamene kusintha kosinthika kumachitika pazinthu zingapo zachuma, kuphatikizapo mphamvu ya chuma cha dziko lonse.
Kodi chingakhudze bwanji ndalama zogulira?
Malingaliro osinthika osasintha akhoza kusintha tsiku ndi tsiku, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa kwambiri osachepera peresenti imodzi.
Koma zifukwa zazikulu zachuma, monga kusintha kwa boma kapena zosankha za bizinesi zingakhale ndi zotsatira pa chiwerengero cha mayiko osinthika.
Mwachitsanzo, ganizirani kusintha kwa US Dollar pakati pa 2002 ndi 2015. Pamene ngongole ya dziko la United States inakwera kwambiri pakati pa 2002 ndi 2007, American Dollar inachepetsedwa phindu poyerekeza ndi anzawo a mayiko ena. Pamene chuma chinalowa mu "Kubwerera Kwambiri," dola inalimbikitsidwa, chifukwa makampani akuluakulu adagwira chuma chawo.
Pamene Greece inali pafupi ndi kutaya kwachuma , Euro inalephera. Komanso, American Dollar inakula mwamphamvu, kupatsa Achimerika kugula mphamvu mu European Economic Area. Bungwe la British referendum voti kuti achoke ku European Union adasinthira mtengo wa dola , ndipo akuyandikira kwambiri kuti akhale ndi British Pound Sterling.
Maiko akunja angakhale ndi zotsatira zazikulu za ndalama za US Dollar zoyenera kunja. Podziwa momwe zinthu izi zingasinthire mphamvu yanu yogula kunja, mutha kupanga zosankha mwamsanga pamene mungasinthanitse ndalama zanu ndi ndalama zam'deralo, kapena mugwiritseni ku American Dollars ndikugwiritsa ntchito khadi lanu la ngongole kapena debit.
Kodi ndalama zamabanki zimakhala ngati gawo la ndalama zogulira?
Musanayende, mukhoza kulandira makhadi a makadi a ngongole kapena makadi a debit ndi "palibe malipiro opangira maiko onse." Kodi izi zikukhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa ndalama zakunja?
Monga chithandizo kwa apaulendo, mabanki angasankhe kukonza malonda opangidwa pa debit kapena makadi a ngongole pamene ali kunja. Komabe, ambiri amasankha kuwonjezera malipiro ena - nthawi zina amatchedwa "msonkho wamayiko osiyanasiyana" - kuntchito. Izi kawirikawiri zimaimbidwa ngati peresenti ya msonkho wogulitsa ndipo zingakhale zosiyana ndi ndalama za banki.
Chifukwa chakuti izi ndizopatulidwa zosiyana, kulipira kwapadziko lonse sikunaganizidwe ngati gawo la kusintha kwa ndalama. Kuti mupeze ndalama zabwino panthawi ina kunja, onetsetsani kuti nthawi zonse mumagwiritsa ntchito makadi a ngongole ndi debit omwe simukulipiritsa ndalama zogulira ntchito m'mayiko osiyanasiyana .
Nchifukwa chiyani ndikufunikira kudziwa chomwe chiwombankhanga chimasintha?
Musanayende, kapena mukakhala mukuyenda, muyenera kudziwa kuti ndalama zowonjezera ndi zotani kuti mudziwe kuti ndalama zanu ndizofunika bwanji m'dziko lina. Ngati dola siilipira dollar kunja, mungathe kulingalira bwino, ndipo tsopano mukugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochuluka bwanji.
Kuonjezera apo, kudziwa ndalama za kusinthanitsa musanayambe ulendo kungakuthandizeni kupeza ndalama zabwino zowonjezera musanapite. Nthawi zonse ndikofunika kunyamula ndalama zazing'ono zakunja pakubwera kwanu, choncho mwa kuyesa kusinthanitsa ndalama musanayende, mutha kupeza ndalama zambiri ku banki yanu kapena kusinthanitsa kosanthana musanayende.
Ndingatani kuti ndipeze ndalama zogulira ndalama zanga?
Musadalire pazitali za pamsewu kapena malo osungirako ndege kudziko lina kuti ndikupatseni chiwongoladzanja kapena changwiro. Kusinthana kwa ndalama pamsewu kapena ku bwalo la ndege kumadziwa kuti safunikira kuchita chilichonse kuti akope alendo, choncho amamenya ntchito yaikulu pamtundu uliwonse. Chotsatira chake, mudzasinthanitsa ndalama zambiri ndi imodzi mwazigawozi, kuti mutenge pang'ono.
Ngati mumadziwa kuti mlingo uli wotani, malo abwino oti mutengere ndalama zanu ali ku banki kapena ATM. Chifukwa mabanki amathamanga pa maola ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, sikutheka kukhala kosavuta kutenga ndalama zanu kubanki. ATM amapereka ndondomeko yabwino yosungira ndalama chifukwa nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza ndalama zapanyumba panopa. Oyenda mwanzeru amagwiritsanso ntchito khadi la debit limene silikulipira ndalama za ATM kapena ndalama zogulira ntchito, choncho nthawi zonse mumapeza ndalama zenizeni za ndalama zanu.
Koma ngati mumasankha kugwiritsa ntchito khadi la ngongole kumayiko ena, kupambana kwanu ndikutenga nthawi zonse kuti mulipire ndalama zakunja. Nthawi zina, makampani opanga malipiro angasankhe kuwonjezera malipiro ogulira ngati mukuganiza kulipira mu Dollar ya America, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yanu yogula. Ngati khadi lanu la ngongole liribe ndalama zogulitsa malonda, kulipira ndalama zakunja kungakupatseni ndalama zabwino kwambiri zogulira ndalama panthawi yogula popanda malipiro ena obisika.