Ku Central America ndi Mexico kumakhala mankhwala osokoneza bongo, koma Central America ndi Mexico amaimira njira yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ku United States, makamaka cocaine. Chifukwa cha malonda osokoneza bongo, Latin America ndi Caribbean ndizophwanya malamulo kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi .
Komabe, mayiko a Central America amatenga mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kumwa mowa kwambiri. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ali oletsedwa ku Central America, ndipo oyendayenda onse amatsatira malamulo a mankhwala am'mudzi ndi zilango, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri (monga zaka zambirimbiri m'ndende yovuta kwambiri).
Malamulo ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ku Costa Rica
Zina kusiyana ndi mowa ndi fodya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi oletsedwa ku Costa Rica , ndipo kugulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi vuto lalikulu m'dzikoli. Komabe, ngakhale kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo ali oletsedwa, apolisi ku Costa Rica samawaletsa anthu omwe amanyamula chamba pang'ono kuti azidya; midzi yam'mphepete mwa nyanja imakhala yocheperako kwambiri. Komabe, ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu sali ochuluka kwambiri: United Nations Office ku Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ndi Chiwawa (UNODC) imaika mlingo wa poto wosuta pakati pa anthu ku Costa Rica pakati pa zaka 12 ndi 70 peresenti imodzi (poyerekezera, kugwiritsa ntchito United States ili ndi 13.7%).
Malamulo ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ku Guatemala
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi vuto lalikulu ku Guatemala , lomwe limadutsa Mexico kupita kumpoto. Zilango za kugulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ku Guatemala ndizoopsa ndipo zimakhala zaka 10 mpaka 20 mu ndende zamilandu zowonongeka; Chilango chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha zaka 8 mpaka 15.
Ngakhale UNODC imaika mbakata pachaka pakati pa anthu a ku Guatemala pa 4.8%, omwe ndi ochepa, chiopsezo sichingakhale choyenera.
Malamulo ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ku Belize
Belize ali ndi chamba chochuluka kwambiri ku Central America; UNODC imagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa ntchito kwa anthu ku Belize pa 8.5%.
M'malo ambiri okaona malo olemera m'dzikoli, momwe amachitira kugwiritsira ntchito chamba ndi kubwerera m'mbuyo, ngakhale chikhalidwe chawo. Komabe, izi siziri zoletsedwa, ndipo kukhala ndi chuma kungabweretse ndalama zolemetsa kapena kumangidwa. Kwa mankhwala ovuta kwambiri okhala ndi ndalama zambiri, chilango chingakhale choopsa kwambiri.
Malamulo ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ku Honduras
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, makamaka cocaine, ndi vuto lalikulu ku Honduras ndipo limapangitsa kuti dzikoli liwonongeke kwambiri komanso likupha anthu. Ntchito yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mkati mwa Honduras ndi yochepa kwambiri - UNODC imapereka chiwerengero cha fodya chaka chilichonse pakati pa anthu a Honduras ndi 0,8 peresenti. Ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ku Honduras amatha kuyembekezera milandu yaitali ya kundende komanso malipiro aakulu.
Malamulo ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ku Panama
Ngati ndinu anzeru, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ku Panama . Chifukwa chakuti Panama imadutsa Colombia , ndizovuta kwambiri kugulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo dziko limatenga mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kumwa mowa kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti chamba ca Panama chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira malire - UNODC imapereka chiwerengero cha fodya chaka chilichonse pakati pa anthu a ku Panama ku 3.6% - sikuletsedwa, ndipo kukhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndiko kulangidwa kwa zaka zosachepera chaka chimodzi m'ndende. Malinga ndi ulendo wopita ku Moon, anthu ogulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zina amapanga ziphuphu kuti apeze mankhwala osokoneza bongo, poganiza kuti adzalandira ziphuphu ndi apolisi wonyansa.
Malamulo ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ku Nicaragua
Mzindawu uli pakatikati pa Central America, Nicaragua imakhala pakati pa njira yopangira mankhwala osokoneza bongo pakati pa South America ndi United States. Ngakhale kuti chamba chimagwiritsira ntchito nkhanza ku Nicaragua, n'kosaloledwa, ndipo kugwidwa ndi ndalama zing'onozing'ono kungabweretse chilango cholemera komanso chilango cha ndende - mpaka zaka 30.
Malamulo ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ku El Salvador
Ngakhale kuti El Salvador ndi yaing'onoting'ono, malo onse ogulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ochokera ku South America akuyenera kudutsa El Salvador kapena Honduras popita ku Mexico. Chifukwa chake, El Salvador ali ndi mavuto akuluakulu ophwanya malamulo ndi zachiwawa. Chilango chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso ku El Salvador chili pamwamba.
Pomaliza, dziwani kuti simukuyenera kuopa ogulitsa mankhwala a dera lanu. Mwachidziwikire, akusamalira bizinesi yawo ndipo sangakuvuteni pokhapokha mutasiya kuchitapo kanthu - 99% ya nthawi, oyendayenda sakhudzidwa.
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