Zomangamanga za ku Georgian ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zambiri za dziko la Ireland, makamaka m'midzi. Mbali zonse za mizinda yayikulu ya ku Ireland, ndi midzi ina yaing'ono, inalinganizidwa ndikumangidwira kuti azichita chidwi ndi "Georgians". Ndipo pamene anthu lero amalankhula za "Georgian Dublin", nthawi zambiri amatchula gawo laling'ono lakummwera kwa mzinda, pafupi ndi Merrion Square, Saint Stephen's Green, ndi Fitzwilliam Square .
Chifukwa malo awa (kuphatikizapo Mountjoy Square ku Northside) amatanthauziridwa ndi kalembedwe kamene kawirikawiri imadziwika ndi nthawi ya Chijojiya mu mbiri ya Irish (ndi British).
Choncho, tiyeni tipeze zofunikira za "zomangamanga za ku Georgian", mu kufufuza kochepa kwambiri:
Zomangamanga za Chijojiya - Ndi Dzina Liti?
Zomangamanga za Chijojiya sizodziwika, kalembedwe. Chizindikirocho ndi chophatikizapo, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimakhala chophatikizidwa, dzina likugwiritsidwa ntchito pazithunzi zazithunzi zojambula bwino pakati pa 1720 ndi 1830. Dzinali limagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi a Hanoverisi ndiye pa mpando wachi Britain - George I, George II, George III, ndipo (inu mukuliganiziranso tsopano) George IV. Amuna amenewa analamulira Britain ndi Ireland mwachangu, kuyambira mu August 1714, ndipo anamaliza mu June 1830.
Kodi ndi njira imodzi yokha kumanga zonsezi? Osati kwenikweni, kupatulapo zaka zambiri za ku Georgian monga Royal Pavilion ku Brighton (yomangidwa ndi George IV pamene adakali kuchita ndi kudziwika kuti Prince Regent, chifukwa George III adataya miyala yake pang'onopang'ono), panali mitundu yambiri kusiyana ndi nthawi zambiri diso mu "kalembedwe ka Chijojiya".
Inu mungayembekezere izo kwa zaka zoposa zana, sichoncho inu?
Ndipotu buku la Encyclopaedia Britannica limene limalowetsamo pa "kalembedwe ka Chijojiya" linati "mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomangamanga, zojambulajambula, ndi zojambulajambula za ku Britain [zinagwirizana] ndi kusinthasintha koteroko m'kujambula mwakuya nthawiyi zolondola kunena za 'mafashoni achi Georgian.' "Umboni wochepa, koma wofunika, wambiri.
Koma tidzakhala ndi ndondomeko yeniyeni apa, choncho ndikhululukire ine ndikusiya zochuluka zenizeni zamaphunziro.
Makhalidwe Achi Georgian Anakhazikitsidwa Bwanji?
Chikhalidwe cha Chijojiya chinali cholowa, koma osati mwana wachibadwa wa "Baroque wa Chingerezi," wotchuka kwambiri ndi ojambula monga Sir Christopher Wren ndi Nicholas Hawksmoor. Panali nthawi yosinthika, pamene nyumba zidakalibe ndi zinthu zina za Baroque, koma Scotsman Colen Campbell anagogoda, akulengeza malo atsopano. Ndipo akufalitsa izi pamutu wake " Vitruvius Britannicus , kapena Wopanga Bungwe la Britain".
Komabe palibe kalembedwe katsopano kamene kanapangidwira codex mu izi-mmalo mwake, mitundu yosiyanasiyana inayamba kutsogolo. Ena mwa iwo anali okalamba, koma anasintha.
Zowonjezereka, ndipo mwinamwake zodziwika kwambiri za nthawi yoyamba ya "Chijojiya cha Chijojiya", chinali zomangamanga za Palladian. Pambuyo pake, wotchedwa Andrea Palladio (1508 mpaka 1580), dzina lake pambuyo pake, ndi louziridwa, Ndi kulimbikitsana kwakukulu pa zofanana, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachokera kumangidwe akachisi a pakachisi.
Chakumapeto kwa 1765, Neoclassical inakhala njira yopitako ... kalembedwe kachiwiri kachiwiri kuchokera kumapangidwe akale, kuphatikizapo malamulo a Vitruvian, ndipo akukambabe Andrea Palladio monga chitsanzo cha okonza mapulani.
Komabe, zinali zowonjezereka kwambiri kuposa Rococo ya ku Ulaya, yokhala ndi zokongoletsa kwambiri.
Gawo lalikulu lachitatu mu "chiyankhulo cha Chijojiya" linali regency kalembedwe, kachiwiri chitukuko kuchokera ku Neoclassical, ndi kuwonetsera kusewera kwa kukongola kwina. Kupanga nyumba za Regency ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa oyambirira awo. Regency ankakonda nyumba kuti imangidwe ngati malo otsekemera kapena penti, ngati n'kotheka, komanso makina opangira zitsulo, komanso mawindo a uta, anali okwiya kwambiri.
Mmodzi angathenso kutchula Chiwukitsiro cha Chi Greek apa - choyimira chogwirizana kwambiri ndi Neoclassical, koma ndi fade yowonjezera ya Hellenism. Imodzi mwa nyumba zofunikira kwambiri mumayendedwe amenewa zidzakhala General Post Office ku Dublin .
Mmene Kumangidwa Kwachi Georgian Kunamangidwa
Mwa chiwerengero cha masamu - mwachitsanzo, kutalika kwawindo kunali pafupi nthawi zonse mu chiyanjano chokhazikika ndi m'lifupi mwake, mawonekedwe a zipinda anali okhudzana ndi makanda, kufanana kunali kofunika kwambiri.
Pansi pazokhazikitsidwa, monga miyala yamtengo wapatali, yodulidwa mofanana ndi asilikali molunjika, inkayang'aniridwa ngati chinthu chofunika kwambiri.
Zonsezi zinatsika poyenga zogwirizana ndi kutsatira malamulo akale.
Pokonzekera tawuni, monga nthawi ya nthawi yazaka za m'ma 1900 ku Dublin, nthawi zonse nyumba zinkakhala pamsewu, kapena kuzungulira malo ozungulira, zinali zofunika kwambiri kuposa momwe anthu enieniwo ankachitira. Ndipotu, kawirikawiri kujambula zithunzi, "Nyumba za Dublin" zikanakhala zofiira m'nthaŵi za Chijojiya.
Pankhani ya zomangamanga, njerwa yochepetsedwa, kapena mwala wodulidwa, ndiwo maziko. Ndi njerwa zofiira kapena zamoto ndi pafupifupi miyala yoyera, kulamulira - kaŵirikaŵiri amapatsidwa utoto woyera.
Mmene Mungapangidwire Mapulani a Chijojiya
Izi ndizo zikuluzikulu za zomangamanga za Chijojiya, koma dziwani malingaliro osiyanasiyana omwe ali mkati mwa kalembedwe, monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa:
- Nyumba zambiri zimakhala ngati bokosi losavuta, kawirikawiri zipinda ziwiri zikuluzikulu, ndi makonzedwe ofanana a zonse;
- chitseko cham'mbali (kapena awiriawiri a zitseko zazikulu) chikanakhala chokhala ndi mawindo a makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina ozungulira, omwe amawathandizidwa ndi pilasters zokongoletsera - " Doors of Dublin " kalembedwe;
- padzakhala chimanga, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zokongoletsera zokongoletsa;
- Mawindo angakhale opanikizana, mawindo onse angakonzedwe mwachimake;
- Zing'onozing'ono zowonjezera mawindo (kuphatikizapo mawindo a dormer) zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumtunda wapamwamba, kumene malo okhala antchito anali.
Ndipo Potsirizira: Kodi Zomangamanga za ku Georgian Zidapezeka Kokha ku Dublin?
Mwamtheradi osati - zitsanzo za kalembedwe, ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana a zomangamanga ndi kusungidwa, angapezeke ku Ireland konse. Kawirikawiri, kukula kwa tawuniyi, kumakhala mwayi wopeza nyumba za Chijojiya. Mwachitsanzo, tawuni yaing'ono ya Birr ku County Offaly , imadziŵika chifukwa cha cholowa chawo cha ku Georgia.
Koma samalani, nthawi zina izi sizidzakhala zowona nyumba za ku Georgiya, koma nyumba zamakono zimakonzanso "kalembedwe ka Chijojiya". Chifukwa, muyeso yake, muyeso yake yofanana, iyo imakondweretsa kwambiri diso. Ndipo izi zakhala zopanda nthawi zonse. Chimene chikhoza kunenedwa kukhala chizindikiro cha kupambana kwenikweni.