Mfundo Zochepa Zodziwika Ponena za Mt. Mt. Everest

Mukuganiza kuti mumadziwa zonse zomwe mukuyenera kudziwa zokhudza phiri lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi? Ganizirani kachiwiri! Tili ndi zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri zochepa zodziwika zokhudza Mt. Everest omwe ali otsimikizika kukupatsani inu malingaliro atsopano pa chiwonetsero chachikuluchi.

• 01 a 07

  Momwe Wamtali ndi Everest?

  Kubwerera mu 1955 gulu la akatswiri ofufuza a ku India linafika ku Everest kuti liwone kutalika kwake kwa mapiri. Pogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zabwino za tsikuli, iwo adatsimikiza kuti iwo anaima mamita 29,029 pamwamba pa nyanja, yomwe idakali chiwerengero cha boma cha Nepali ndi maboma a China mpaka lero.

  Koma, mu 1999 bungwe la National Geographic Team linapanga chipangizo cha GPS pa msonkhanowo ndikulemba kutalika kwake ngati mapazi 29,035. Kenaka, mu 2005, gulu la Chitchaina linagwiritsa ntchito zida zowonjezereka kuti zitsimikizire phirili ngati likanatha popanda madzi ndi chisanu zomwe zasonkhanitsa pamwamba. Kuyeza kwawo kwadongosolo kunabwera pa 29,017 mapazi.

  Ndi yani mwayesoyi yeniyeni? Pakalipano, mkulu wa Everest akukhalapo 29,029 mapazi, koma mapulani ali kutali kuti ayese phirili, makamaka popeza akukhulupirira kuti kutalika kwasintha pambuyo pa chivomezi cha 2015. Mwinamwake ife potsiriza tidzapeza mgwirizano wa kutalika kwenikweni kumapeto.

• 02 a 07

  Chinsinsi cha Kamera ya Mallory

  Msonkhano woyamba wotchuka wa Everest unalembedwa ndi Edmund Hillary ndi Tenzing Norgay pa May 29, 1953. Koma pali ena omwe amakhulupirira kuti kwenikweni anakwera kale kwambiri.

  Kubwerera mu 1924, munthu wina wodutsa dzina lake George Mallory, pamodzi ndi mnzake Andrew Irvine, anali mbali ya ulendo wopita kumapeto kwa phirili. Awiriwo adatsirizidwa pa June 8 a chaka chimenecho pansi pa msonkhanowo koma akupita patsogolo. Posakhalitsa pambuyo pake, iwo anangowonongeka, akusiya chinsinsi cha mapiri kwa zaka zambiri. Kodi iwo apanga pamwambapa pafupifupi zaka makumi atatu Hillary ndi Norgay kapena atayesedwa?

  Mu 1999, gulu la anthu okwera mmwamba anapeza malo a Mallory pamwamba pamtunda wa Everest. Thupi silinachite pang'ono kuti adziwe ngati ayi ndithudi kufika pamsonkhano ndipo mwatsoka kamera ya guluyo sinapezeke pakati pa zida zake. Amakhulupirira kuti Irvine kwenikweni anali kunyamula kamera pamene iwo ankakwera, ndipo chipangizochi chikhoza kutsimikizira zithunzi za kupambana kwawo kapena kulephera kwake. Mpaka lero, thupi la Irvine - ndi kamera - silinapezeke, koma ngati ilo latsegulidwa, likhoza kusintha mbiri ya mapiri kosatha.

• 03 a 07

  Ndani Wafika Kwambiri Kwambiri?

  Kukula kwa Everest sikuli kochepa, ndipo kufika pamwamba kumakhala chinthu chochuluka kwambiri. Koma kwa anthu ena, kukwera phiri kamodzi sikwanira. Ndipotu, amuna awiri - Apa Sherpa ndi Phurba Tashi Sherpa - amangirizidwa pamapiri opambana kwambiri a paphiri. Onse okwerapo aima pamwamba pa nsonga yapamwamba pa Dziko lapansi nthawi 21 zodabwitsa.

  Mbiri ya masewera ambiri ndi omwe si a Sherpa amachitika ndi American Dave Hahn, wotsogolera kwa RMI Expeditions. Iye wapita ulendo wopita ku msonkhanowu maulendo 15. Mkazi yemwe ali ndi most ascents ndi Lhakpa Sherpa, yemwe wakhala pamwamba pa phiri nthawi 8 zokongola.

• 04 a 07

  Kupita mofulumira kwambiri

  Kwa ambiri okwera pamsasa, kufika pamsonkhanowo kumatenga masiku angapo ndi kuima kumisasa yosiyanasiyana kuti apumule ndi kubwezeretsa panjira. Koma ochepa omwe ali ndi luso lotha kuyendayenda adatha kuchoka ku Base Camp kupita ku msonkhanowo mofulumizitsa, ndikulemba zochitika pamalopo.

  Mwachitsanzo, nthawi yofulumira kwambiri pamsonkhano wa Everest kuchokera ku South Side ku Nepal tsopano ikugwiridwa ndi Lakpa Gelu Sherpa yemwe anatha kuchoka ku BC kupita pamwamba pa maola 10 ndi maminiti 56 mmbuyomu 2003. Panthawiyi, kumpoto kwa North Tibet, mbiriyi imakhala pa maola 16 ndi mphindi 45 ndipo inakhazikitsidwa ndi Hans Kammerlander wa ku Italy m'mbuyomo mu 1996.

• 05 a 07

  Mwambo wa Puja: Kufuna Chilolezo Kuchokera Phiri la Mulungu

  M'chikhalidwe cha Buddhist cha Himalaya Everest amadziwika kuti Chomolungma, omwe amatanthawuza kuti "Mayi Wamapemphero a Mayi." Momwemonso, chiwerengerochi chikuwonekera pamalo oopsya, ndikusowa kuti anthu onse okwera mapiri azipempha chilolezo ndi malo otetezeka asanatuluke pamapiri. Izi zimachitika pa mwambo wa puja, umene umakhala nawo ku Base Camp usanayambe kukwera.

  The puja imachitidwa ndi a Buddhist Lama ndi amonke awiri kapena amodzi, omwe amatha kusintha miyala pamsasa. Pa mwambowu iwo amapempha mwayi ndi chitetezo pamene okwera akukonzekera kukwera kwawo. Amadalitsanso zipangizo zamakampani, kuphatikizapo zipilala zamphepete mwa nyanja, ziphuphu, mahatchi, ndi zina zotero.

  Kwa anthu a Sherpa iyi ndi sitepe yofunikira yomwe iyenera kumalizidwa musanayambe ulendo. Ambiri samayendetsa pa Everest popanda kukhala ndi puja poyamba. Kodi izi ndi zamizimu? Mwinamwake. Koma ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimachitika zaka mazana ambiri.

• 06 cha 07

  Achikulire ndi Achichepere Akukula

  Zaka ndi nambala chabe pamene ikukwera ku Everest. Zoonadi, ambiri a iwo omwe amapita kumapiriwa ndi okwera mmwamba ali ndi zaka za m'ma 30 ndi 40, koma ena amakhala kunja kwa msinkhu umenewo. Mwachitsanzo, mbiri ya mkulu wokalamba kwambiri kuti ikafike pamsonkhanowu tsopano ikugwiridwa ndi Yuichiro Miura wa ku Japan, yemwe anali ndi zaka 80, masiku 224 pamene adabwerera mmbuyo mu 2013. Munthu wamng'ono kwambiri yemwe angakhalepo pamtunda ndi America Jordan Romero, yemwe adakwanitsa zomwezo ali ndi zaka 13 zokha, miyezi 10, ndi masiku khumi mu 2010.

  Posachedwapa, maboma a Nepal ndi China avomereza kuika malire kwa akuluakulu, omwe amawafuna kuti akhale osachepera zaka 16 asanayese phirilo. Maiko onsewa awononga kapu pa msinkhu wawo, ngakhale kuti okalamba ena akuluakulu angapite kukayesa kafukufuku wamankhwala asanayambe ulendo wawo.

  N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti Miura anafa pa Everest mu 2017 akuyesetsanso kufika pamsonkhanowo ali ndi zaka 85.

• 07 a 07

  Sitilidi Phiri lalitali koposa pa Planet

  Pamene msonkhano wa Everest ukhoza kukhala malo apatali pamwamba pa Dziko lapansi, si kwenikweni phiri lalitali kwambiri pa dziko lapansi. Kusiyana kumeneku kumapitako ku Mauna Kea ku Hawaii, omwe ali kutalika mamita 33,465, wokwanira mamita 4436 kuposa Everest.

  Nanga n'chifukwa chiyani Mauna Kea sakuzindikira pachimake? Chifukwa chakuti mapiri ambiri amakhala pansi pa nyanja. Mphepete mwa nyanjayi imakwera mamita 13,796 pamwamba pa nyanja, kuzipangitsa kuti iziwoneke kukhala zochepa poyerekeza ndi zimphona za Himalayan.