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Kodi mumadziwa? Mfundo Zochepa Zodziwika Zokhudza Cutty Sark
Dothi lobwezeretsa tiyi, Cutty Sark, kumbuyo kwake ku Greenwich, komwe kuli malo otchuka a UNESCO World Heritage malo. Antchito anali akukonzekera kukonzekera kutsegulidwa ndi Mfumukazi pamene chithunzichi chinatengedwa. © Ferne Arfin Pamene Cutty Sark, dziko lapadziko lonse lapansi likukhala ndi tiyi yachitsulo komanso chochititsa chidwi pa malo otchedwa Greenwich a UNESCO World Heritage malo, atsegulidwanso mu 2012, sikuti aliyense adakondwera. Koma alendo amavota ndi mapazi awo ndipo amalikonda.
Pambuyo pa moto wowononga mu 2007, sitima yotchuka kwambiri ku London inakhala ndi £ 50 miliyoni ya Heritage Lottery yomwe inalandiridwa kubwezeretsedwa ndi kusungidwa. Iyo itatsegulanso mu 2012, nkhuku imakwezedwa ndi kuyikamo mu galasi - kuti yonse iiteteze ndipo (kwa nthawi yoyamba) kuti iwonetsere kwa anthu - ziphuphuzo zimangoyamba kufulumira.
Andrew Gilligan, mkonzi wa London wa Sunday Telegraph, adati, "Chuma chamtengo wapatali kwambiri cha ku Britain tsopano chikuwoneka ngati chagwedezeka mukutentha kwakukulu." Bungwe la Victorian linanena kuti obwezeretsa "anawononga" sitima yapachiyambi. Ndipo webusaiti yamakono yopanga nyumba inapatsa "Mphoto ya Carbuncle" ya "Nyumba Yopambana Kwambiri ku UK".
Zonse Zathu Timakonda
Kusemphana kunayambitsa chifukwa chombocho chinachotsedwa pamtunda wake wofiira ndi mamita atatu (pafupifupi mamita 10) ndipo chimathandizidwa ndi chithunzi chachitsulo chochotsa kulemera kwake pa khola lake. Kuchokera panja, monga kuwonetsedwa apa, Sark ya Cutty ikuwoneka kuti ikuyandama pa nyanja ya galasi. Kusamuka kunaloleza alendo, kwa nthawi yoyamba, kuti aone chitsulo chachikasu (Munz metal) n'kumafufuzira malo osungirako masewera musanayambe kukwera ngalawa.
Ngakhale kudandaula konse, Sark Cutty yakhala yotchuka ndi alendo omwe amapita ku Greenwich. Mu 2015, alendo a ku Zimbabwe adamuvotera Certificate of Excellence.
Titafika, tinaphunzira zinthu zochititsa chidwi zodziwika bwino za sitimayo - osati zochepa zomwe zinali kubwezeretsa, kubwezeretsa ndi kukonzanso kuti anali atatha kale moyo wake wazaka 147.
Phoenix ya Sitima
- Mu 1869 anamangidwanso ndikuyamba ku Scotland, adanyamula tiyi kuchokera ku China kupita ku London pakati pa 1870 ndi 1877. Pofika zaka za m'ma 1880, ankanyamula ubweya wochokera ku Australia. Ndi pamene mbiri yake ya liwiro idakwaniritsidwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphepo yamkuntho yothamanga pamsewu wochokera ku Australia omwe oyendetsa sitima amatha kutcha "ntchito zobangula", adalemba mbiri ya masiku 73 ku Sydney ku London Route.
- Anagulitsidwa ku kampani ya Chiraishi ndipo anamutcha Ferreira, iye ankanyamula katundu ku Europe, Africa ndi America kuyambira 1895 mpaka 1922.
- Mu 1916, panthawi ya WWI, anataya masti ake mumphepo yamkuntho ndipo analowa m'ngalawa ku South Africa kumene, chifukwa cha kusoŵa kwa masts ndi sitima, anabwezeretsanso ngati ochepa, ochepa kwambiri.
- Mu 1922, Ferreira anaonongedwanso mu Channel gale ndipo adayitanidwa ku Falmouth kukonzekera. Ali komweko, kapitawo wamkulu wa mpikisano wotchedwa Windjammer, Wilfred Dowman, yemwe adaphunzitsa za Cutty Sark, adamuzindikira ndipo adayamba kumugula. Anayenera kumuthamangitsa ku Portugal chifukwa adali atagulitsidwa ndipo anamutcha dzina lakuti Maria Amparo. Koma mu 1922, adamubwezera ku Falmouth ndi kumubwezeretsa.
- Anatumikira monga sitima yophunzitsa kumeneko ndi ku Kent asanayambe kuwoloka mtsinje wa Thames kupita ku kanyumba kameneka kalekale mu 1952. Ulendo wochokera ku Falmouth kupita ku Greenhithe ku Kent, mu 1938, ndiwo womaliza wopita ku nyanja.
Zotsatira: Kodi Cutty Sark kwenikweni amatanthauzanji ndi mfundo zochititsa chidwi.
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Ndani kapena Kodi Kudulidwa Sark?
S Cutty Sark, imayimilidwa ndi imvi yambiri, pansi pa galasi la galasi. Chombocho chimavundikira Munz kapena chikasu chachitsulo, ndondomeko ya dzimbiri yamkuwa ndi zinc. © Ferne Arfin Tsono n'chifukwa chiyani watsopano wotchedwa Cutty Sark anazitcha? Ndipo kodi Cutty Sark amatanthauza chiyani?
Chometa-sark ndi malo otsika otchedwa Scots mawu oti kusintha kwachidule kwa mkazi - chinthu cha zovala za Victorian, makamaka. Mu ndakatulo ya Robert Burns Tam O'Shanter, mfiti Nannie, amene amachira mchira wa kavalo wa Tam Tamati, amavala nsonga. Nthano imodzi ndi yakuti John "Jock" Willis, mwiniwake wa Cutty Sark anali kunena momwe Nannie akuwombera patsogolo pa mphepo, mchenga wake-sark akuwuluka pambuyo pake - amafuna Cutty Sark kukhala sitima yofulumira kwambiri pa nyanja ndi kupambana mpikisano wamwaka uliwonse kuti abweretse tiyi yatsopano ku China. Koma zoona ndizo, palibe amene amadziwa zomwe anali nazo pamene adasankha dzina lake kapena anapanga Nannie m'mbali mwake.
Za Kachasu
Cha m'ma 1923, mmodzi wa akuluakulu amalonda otchuka a ku London, Berry Brothers & Rudd, anakumana ndi amalonda ena a ku Scots kuti akambirane za whiskey ku msika wa America. Iwo anali otsimikizirika kuti Prohibition idzatha posachedwa ndipo ankafuna kupanga kachasu wothira mwachindunji kwa kukoma kwa America, kukonzekera kufunikira. Pa nthawiyi, kubwerera mozizwitsa kwa Cutty Sark ku Britain kunali mu nyuzipepala zonse. Icho chinali chotchuka; izo zinayankhulidwa, ndipo posakhalanso izo zinali kachasu.
Mapeto a Tea Clippers
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti kubwera kwa ngalawa m'zaka za m'ma 1900 kunali kutha kwa sitima zazikulu chifukwa zidali mofulumira. Ndipotu nkhaniyi ndi yovuta kwambiri kuposa imeneyo. Kwa zaka zambiri, ziŵetozi zinali mofulumira kuposa oyendetsa oyambirira - iwo amatchedwa clippers chifukwa amatha kuwuluka m'mphepete mwa nyanja pa "pulogalamu" yaikulu.
Kumeneko kunali kutsegulira kwa ngalande ya Suez yomwe inachititsa mapeto a malonda a tiyi kwa sitima zazikulu. Nyanja ya Mediterranean sinali yabwino kwenikweni pa zombo zazikulu. Ndipo iwo sakanatha kupirira ndi ngalande kapena kupeza mphepo yokwanira mu Nyanja Yofiira. Kuti afikitse China, amayenera kuyenda njira yayitali kuzungulira Horn ya Africa ndipo, chifukwa cha zimenezi, sitimayi, yomwe ingathe kuchitika panthawi ya ngalande, inali yofulumira. Koma zogwira mtima, zolemba zambiri zothamanga zomwe zidapangidwa ndi opambana kwambiri zinkapezeka mu malonda a ubweya pakati pa Australia ndi Liverpool. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, iwo adakali mofulumira kwambiri kuposa ma steam kwa zaka zambiri. Donald McKay's clipper, Lightening , anapanga kuchokera ku Melbourne kupita ku Liverpool mu masiku 67.
Konzani Kuchezera Kudulidwa Sark
- Adilesi: Cutty Sark Drydock, Mfumu William Walk, Greenwich SE10 9HT
- Telefoni: +44 (0) 208 858 2698
- Tsegulani: Tsiku lililonse kuyambira 10am mpaka 5pm kupatula pa December 24-26. Kuloledwa komaliza 4:15 pm
- Kuloledwa: Akuluakulu £ 18.50 kapena £ 16.80 popanda zopereka zaufulu (mtengo wa 2016). Makalata ogulitsa, ana ndi mabanja alipo ndipo angathe kugula pa intaneti pa webusaiti ya Cutty Sark.
- Kufika kumeneko: Sitimayo imayenda ulendo wochepa kuchokera ku station ya Cutty Sark DLR. DLR (Docklands Light Railway) ndi mbali ya kayendetsedwe ka anthu ku London ndipo mukhoza kugwirizana ndi sitima za DLR ku station ya Canary Wharf pa Jubilee Line. Lolani nthawi yambiri. Mukhozanso kupita ku Cutty Sark kuchokera ku sitima zapamtunda zambiri za ku London ndi njira zosiyanasiyana za mtsinje. Yang'anani pa webusaiti yawo pa zonse zomwe mungasankhe.