Chilichonse Chimene Mukuyenera Kudziwa Poyendera Malo Odziwika a Kulambira a Florence
Mzinda wa Cathedral wa Santa Maria del Fiore , womwe umadziwikanso kuti Il Duomo , ndiwo chizindikiro cha mumzindawu ndipo ndi nyumba yoonekera kwambiri ku Florence, Italy. Kachisi ndi bell yake ( campanile ) ndi baptisti ( battistero ) ndi zina mwa zochitika khumi zapamwamba ku Florence ndipo Duomo imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mipingo yapamwamba yowona ku Italy .
Uthenga wa alendo pa Duomo Cathedral
Santa Maria del Fiore akukhala pa Piazza Duomo, yomwe ili m'katikati mwa mzinda wa Florence.
Pamene mukuyendera Duomo, nkofunika kuzindikira kuti palibe magalimoto omwe amaloledwa kupita pagalimoto (Piazza Duomo), ndipo maola opita ku tchalitchi amasiyana tsiku ndi tsiku komanso nyengo. Pitani ku webusaiti ya Duomo musanafike kuti muwone maola ogwira ntchito ndi zina.
Kulowera ku tchalitchi ndi ufulu, koma pali malipiro okayendera dome ndi crypt, zomwe zikuphatikizapo mabwinja a Santa Reparata . Maulendo otsogolera (omwe amalipiritsa ndalama) amatha pafupifupi mphindi 45 iliyonse ndipo amapezeka ku Duomo, dome, dera la tchalitchi, ndi Santa Reparata.
Mbiri ya Duomo Cathedral
Chiphunzitso cha Duomo chinamangidwa pamtunda wa katolika wa m'zaka za zana lachinayi wa Santa Reparata. Choyamba chinali chokonzedwa ndi Arnolfo di Cambio mu 1296, koma mbali yake yaikulu, dome yaikulu, inakonzedwa molingana ndi malingaliro a Filippo Brunelleschi. Anapambana komiti yokonza ndi kumanga dome atapambana mpikisano wopanga masewera, zomwe zinamupangitsa kuti asamenyane ndi anzake a Florentine ndi ojambula, kuphatikizapo Lorenzo Ghiberti.
Ntchito pa dome inayamba mu 1420 ndipo inamalizidwa mu 1436.
Dome la Brunelleschi ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga za nthawi yake. Pamaso pa Brunelleschi asanavomereze pempho lake, kumanga kanda la tchalitchi cha Katolika kunawonongedwa chifukwa chakuti adatsimikiza kuti kumanga dome la kukula kwake sikungatheke popanda kugwiritsa ntchito ndege zouluka.
Kuzindikira kwa Brunelleschi zina mwa mfundo zazikulu za fizikiki ndi geometry kumamuthandiza kuthana ndi vutoli ndikupambana mpikisanowo. Ndondomeko yake ya dome inaphatikizapo zipolopolo zamkati ndi zakunja zimene zinagwiridwa pamodzi ndi ndondomeko ya ndodo ndi nthiti. Ndondomeko ya Brunelleschi inagwiritsanso ntchito mchitidwe wa herringbone kuti njerwa za dome zisagwe pansi. Njira zamangidwe izi ndizofala masiku ano koma zinali zosinthika nthawi ya Brunelleschi.
Santa Maria del Fiore ndi umodzi mwa mipingo yayikulu padziko lonse lapansi. Dome yake inali yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse mpaka pomanga tchalitchi cha Saint Peter ku Vatican City , yomwe inamalizidwa mu 1615.
Chojambula chojambula maso cha Duomo cha Florence chimapangidwa ndi mapepala a polychrome a marble wobiriwira, woyera, ndi wofiira. Koma kapangidwe kameneko sikanali koyambirira. Kunja komwe wina akuwona lero kunatsirizika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Poyambirira Duomo amapangidwa ndi Arnolfo di Cambio, Giotto, ndi Bernardo Buontalenti ali pa Museo del Opera del Duomo (Cathedral Museum).