Mwambo wa Voladores

01 ya 05

Voladores de Papantla

Mwambo wa Voladores de Papantla ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu otchedwa Totonac a ku Veracruz . Miyamboyi inayamba kale kwambiri ndipo yaperekedwa kudutsa mibadwo yonse. Voladores , "ziphuphu," nthawi zina amatchedwa hombres pajaro , "anthu okwera mbalame," amadzikonza okha pamwamba pa mtengo wa mamita 150 kutalika, ndipo pang'onopang'ono amatsika akuzungulira. Ndi chowonetseratu chopindulitsa chomwe chimapangidwa pa msinkhu waukulu.

Mwambo umayamba ndi amuna asanu akuzungulira mthunzi wamtali. Mmodzi mwa amunawo amasewera nyimbo ndi chitoliro ndi ngodya yaing'ono. Amakwera pamtunda ndikudziyika okha pa nsanja yaing'ono yowongoka pamwamba. Munthu yemwe akusewera nyimboyo amatchedwa caporal . Akuima pakati, akusewera chitoliro ndi dramu, ndipo amachita kuvina, akuyang'anitsitsa gawo lililonse lachinayi. Iyi ndi imodzi mwa nthawi yovuta kwambiri kwa omvera, pamene iye akuvina kuvomereza pamwamba pa mtengo popanda chingwe kapena chitetezo chilichonse.

Pulatifomu imayambira ndipo ma voladores anayi amadziyamba okha ndikuyamba kuyendayenda pamtunda. Amamangiriridwa ndi chingwe m'chiuno, koma amapotoza mwendo mu chingwe kuti apitirizebe kumbuyo. Akuluakulu amakhalabe pamwamba pa mtengo pamene enawo amatsika. Pachiyambi chawo, phokoso lirilonse limazungulira nthawi 13 pa katatu pa voladores iliyonse, pozungulira maulendo 52, omwe amaimira chiwerengero cha zaka mu kalendala ya Mesoamerica.

02 ya 05

Lembali ndi Symbolism ya Voladores

Malinga ndi mwambo, kunagwa chilala m'dera la Veracruz ku Totonacapan, ndipo chakudya ndi madzi zinasowa, choncho gulu la akulu linakumana kuti lipeze yankho. Anaganiza kuti mwambo uyenera kuchitidwa kuti uwapemphe milungu kuti ibwezeretse mvula ndi kubereka m'nthaka.

Iwo analangiza anyamata ena ammudzi kuti apeze mtengo wamtali kwambiri ndi wowongoka kwambiri m'nkhalango ndi kubweretsanso kumudzi. Choncho anyamata aja anapita kukafuna mtengo wamtali kwambiri. Atapeza izi, adapemphera ndikuchita mwambo ku mtengo ndikuwudula ndikuubwezera kumudzi. Anadula mtengo wa masamba ndi nthambi zake, anakumba dzenje kuti aliime, ndipo adalitsa malowa ndi zopereka.

Kenaka ankachita mwambo kwa mulungu Xipe Totec , mulungu wa ulimi ndi masika kuti mvula ibwerere ndi kubzala nthaka, ndipo mbewu zawo zikanakula. Amunawo ankakongoletsa matupi awo ndi nthenga kuti awonekere ngati mbalame, motero amakopeka ndi mulungu pa pempho lawo. Iwo anakwera pamwamba pa thunthu ndipo ndi mipesa yophimba m'chiuno mwawo adadzipezera okha ku thunthu ndipo adadzichotsa okha, nathamanga pambali pamtengo.

Chizindikiro cha Voladores

Ma voladores anayi omwe amatsikira pansi amaimira cardinal malangizo, ndipo kapitala pamwamba pa mtengo amaimira utsogoleri wachisanu (wokhoma), pakati pa chilengedwe chonse. Voladores amachititsa kulemekeza zinthu: dzuwa, mphepo, dziko, ndi madzi-motero kulemekeza dziko lapansi, nthawi ya malo ndi malo awo m'chilengedwe chonse.

03 a 05

Chovala cha Voladores

Anthu oyambirira kuchita mwambo wa Voladores anali ndi zovala zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa ndi nthenga zenizeni, zomwe zimaimira mphungu, zikopa, mbalame, mbalame zam'mimba, ndi mbalame za quetzal. Koma masiku ano voladores amavala zovala zowala kwambiri zomwe zimakumbukira mbalame zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa .

Chovala cha voladores chiri ndi shati yoyera ndi mathalauza ofiira okongoletsedwa mu mitundu yowala ndi chikasu chachikasu. Pamutu mwao, voladores amavala mpango, momwe amaika chipewa chozungulira ndi mtundu wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ikuimira mutu wa mbalame. Amavala nsalu zokongola zooneka ngati timagulu timene timagwiritsa ntchito paphewa lamanja, pamwamba pa chifuwa ndi kumbuyo, zomwe zimaimira mapiko a mbalame. Voladores amavala nsapato za chikopa zakuda ndi chidendene.

04 ya 05

Kumene Tingaone Voladores

Zochita za Voladores zikhoza kuwonetsedwa pa malo ambiri otchuka a ku Mexico ndi zochitika. Nazi malo ochepa omwe Voladores amachita nthawi zonse:

• Malo otchuka a El Tajin ku Papantla, Veracruz
• Kunja kwa National Museum of Anthropology ku Mexico City
• Pa Xcaret park park ku Mayan Riviera
• Pa Malecon ku Puerto Vallarta

05 ya 05

Voladores: Makhalidwe Osaoneka a Chikhalidwe Chadziko

Mu October 2009 mwambo wa mwambo wa Voladores unasankhidwa ndi UNESCO monga chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha anthu, komanso Places of memory ndi miyambo ya Otomí-Chichimecas anthu a Tolimán. Tsiku la Mexico la zikondwerero zakufa limanenedwa kuti ndilo gawo la zosaoneka za chikhalidwe chaumunthu .

Malingana ndi UNESCO:

"Chikhalidwe chosagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe, mafotokozedwe, chidziwitso ndi luso lomwe anthu ammudzi, magulu ndipo nthawi zina anthu amazindikira kuti ndi mbali ya chikhalidwe chawo. ; chikhalidwe cha anthu, miyambo ndi zikondwerero, zidziwitso ndi zochita zokhudzana ndi chirengedwe ndi chilengedwe chonse, ndi ntchito zamanja. "

Mexico ili ndi malo 25 a chikhalidwe ndi anayi omwe ali pa mndandanda wa UNESCO mndandanda wa malo a dziko lapansi .