Mexico's Intangible Cultural Heritage

Zinthu Zotsatira za Chikhalidwe cha Mexico Chodziwika ndi UNESCO

UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), kuphatikizapo kulemba mndandanda wa World Heritage Sites , imasungiranso mndandanda wa Chikhalidwe Chosaoneka Chachikhalidwe cha Anthu. Izi ndi miyambo kapena mau omwe akudutsa m'mitundu yonse mwa mawonekedwe a milomo, zojambula, machitidwe, miyambo, zikondwerero, kapena chidziwitso ndi zochitika zokhudza chirengedwe ndi chilengedwe chonse. Izi ndizo zikhalidwe za chikhalidwe cha Mexico zomwe zikuonedwa ndi UNESCO kuti zikhale mbali ya chikhalidwe chosaoneka cha umunthu:

• 01 a 08

  Mariachi, String Music, Nyimbo ndi Lipenga

  Kuchokera ku dziko la Mexico la Jalisco , mariachi ndi nyimbo zamtundu komanso chikhalidwe chaku Mexico. Traditional Mariachi ensembles zikuphatikizapo malipenga, violins, vihuela ndi "guitarrón" (bass guitar), ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi oimba anayi kapena ambiri amene amavala zovala zoyera . Nyimbo zamakono za Mariachi zikuphatikizapo nyimbo zambiri zochokera m'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko ndi nyimbo zoimba.

• 02 a 08

  Parachicos mu Mwambo wa January wa Chiapa de Corzo

  Kuvina kwa Parachicos kumapanga mbali yofunika kwambiri ya Fiestas de Enero (January Festival) ku Chiapa de Corza, m'chigawo cha Chiapas . Masewera awa amaonedwa kuti ndi opereka kwa anthu oyera omwe akukondwerera mwambo umenewu. Ambuye wathu wa Esquipulas, Saint Anthony Abbot, ndi Saint Sebastian, omwe akulemekezedwa kwambiri. Osewera amavala masikiti a matabwa, mapepala apamwamba komanso ma serapasi obiriwira. Ana amatenga nawo mbali pamadyerero, kuphunzira pogwiritsa ntchito kuvina. Malingana ndi bungwe la UNESCO, "Kuvina kwa Parachicos pa Phwando Lalikulu kumaphatikizapo mbali zonse za moyo wa m'deralo, kulimbikitsa kulemekeza pakati pa anthu, magulu ndi anthu."

• 03 a 08

  Pirekua, Nyimbo Yachikhalidwe ya P'urhépecha

  Pirekua ndi dzina loperekedwa ku nyimbo zamtundu wa madera achimwenye a Phiripecha a dziko la Michoacán, omwe chiyambi chake chimayambira ku zaka za m'ma 1600. Mtundu uwu wa nyimbo ndi chifukwa chotsutsana ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, makamaka chinenero, ndi chingwe cha ku Spain ndi zida za mphepo. Oimba, otchedwa pireris , amaimba ndi chilankhulo chachimwenye komanso Chisipanishi, ndipo mawuwa amakhala ndi mitu yambiri, kuchokera mu chikondi ndi kukondana, malingaliro okhudza chikhalidwe ndi ndale, ndi kukumbukira zochitika zakale. Nyimbozi zimakhala zokambirana pakati pa magulu omwe amawaimba, kukhazikitsa ndi kulimbitsa mgwirizano.

  Tamverani chitsanzo cha nyimbo ya Pirekua: Rosa de Castilla (Los Folkloristas) (YouTube)

• 04 a 08

  Zakudya Zachikhalidwe za ku Mexican

  Zakudya zam'madera a ku Mexico ndizofunikira pakati pa chikhalidwe cha anthu omwe amachizoloŵera ndikuchifalitsa kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo. Njira zamakono monga milpa ndi njira zophika monga nixtamalization, komanso zida zapadera, miyambo ndi miyambo ya anthu zonse zimapanga gawo la chikhalidwe chokwanira chomwe chimapanga chakudya cha Mexican . Miyambo yamakono yakhala ikudutsa pakati pa mibadwo yambiri ndikuonetsetsa mgwirizano wa anthu monga gulu lomwe likufotokozedwa kudzera pokonzekera chakudya. Onani zitsanzo za Oaxacan Cuisine ndi Yucatecan Cuisine .

• 05 a 08

  Zikondwerero Zachibadwidwe Zopatulira kwa Akufa

  El Día de Los Muertos ( Tsiku la Akufa ) ndi nthawi yapadera yomwe anthu a ku Mexico amakumbukira ndi kulemekeza banja lawo ndi abwenzi awo omwe adutsa. Zikondwererozo zimachitika chaka ndi chaka kuyambira pa 31 Oktoba mpaka November 2. Mizimu ya akufa imalingaliridwa kuti ikubweranso nthawi ino kukachezera achibale awo ndi okondedwa awo, omwe amakonzekera nsembe yapadera kwa iwo.

• 06 ya 08

  Miyambo Yachikhalidwe ya Voladores

  Mwambo wa Voladores ('amuna ouluka') ndi kuvina kwachonde komwe kumapezeka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ku Mexico ndi Central America, makamaka anthu a Totonac ku Veracruz. Mwambowu umaphatikizapo amuna asanu ndi mthunzi wamtali kwambiri. Anthu akuvina kuzungulira phokoso, kenako nkukwera. Amuna anayi amadzigwetsa pamtengo ndipo, atayimilira mozungulira mmwamba ndi zingwe zomwe zimadulidwa pamtengo, zimayenderera pansi. Cholinga cha mwambo uwu ndi kulemekeza dziko lapansi, nthawi ya malo ndi malo a gulu m'chilengedwe chonse.

• 07 a 08

  Malo Okumbukila ndi Miyoyo ya Anthu a Tolimán

  Olankhula Otomi a boma la Queretaro amadziona kuti ndiwo mbadwa za Chichimecas ndikudziona okha ngati osamalira gawo lopatulika. Iwo apanga miyambo yomwe imasonyeza ubale wapaderadera ndi malo awo a kuderalo ndi zachilengedwe, ndi kupanga maulendo apachaka, kulemekeza makolo awo ndikukondwerera kudziwika kwawo. "Malo a kukumbukira ndi miyambo yamoyo ya Otomí-Chichimecas anthu a Tolimán: Peña de Bernal, woyang'anira gawo lopatulika" linalembedwa pa mndandanda wa UNESCO mndandanda wa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha m'chaka cha 2009.

• 08 a 08

  Mwambo wa Charreria Equestrian

  Nthaŵi zina amatchedwa masewera a Mexico, charrería (kapena la charreada) ndi mwambo umene wapangidwa kuchokera ku ziweto zomwe zimadyetsa anthu ku Mexico. The charros and charras amasonyeza luso lawo pakugwedeza, kubwezeretsanso ndi kukwera. Zovala zomwe amavala, komanso zida zofunikira pazochitazo, monga zikhomo ndi zokometsera, zimapangidwa komanso zimapangidwa ndi ojambula, ndipo amapanga zigawo zina zowonjezera. Charrería imaonedwa kuti ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri yodziwika ndi anthu omwe amachitira chikhalidwechi.