Malo Otetezeka a Padziko Lonse Oyenera Kukumbukira American Indian Heritage
Kodi mukudziwa kuti mwezi wa November unatchedwa "National Month Indian Heritage Month" mu 1990? Chimene chinayambika monga kuyesa kulengeza tsiku la zopereka zopangidwa ndi a ku America oyambirira kunachititsa kuti mwezi wonse uzindikire.
Zonsezi zinayamba ndi Tsiku la American Indian. Mmodzi mwa anthu omwe ankamuthandiza kwambiri tsiku limenelo anali Dr. Arthur C. Parker, wachimwenye wa Seneca, yemwe anali mkulu wa Museum of Arts ndi Science ku Rochester, NY.
Ndi kukankha kwake, a Boy Scouts ku America anaika tsiku la "Amwenye Achimerika" ndipo kwa zaka zitatu ulemuwo unapitiliza. Mu 1915, chilengezo chinavomerezedwa pamsonkhano wa pachaka wa Congress of the American Indian Association ku Lawrence, KS kuitanitsa dziko kuti lisunge tsiku lotero. Pa Sept. 28, 1915, Loweruka lachiŵiri la mwezi wa Meyi lidafotokozedwa ngati tsiku la American Indian.
Kwa zaka zambiri mayiko ena asagwirizana pa tsiku lenileni la kuvomerezedwa. Pamene Loweruka Lachiwiri mu Meyi ndilofala kwa ambiri, Lachisanu lachinayi mu September ndi lofala kwa ena. Mu 1990, Pulezidenti George HW Bush adavomereza chisankho chomwe chinagwirizana ndi November "Mwezi wa National American Indian Heritage." Malonjezano ofanana, kuphatikizapo "Mwezi Wachibadwidwe wa Amwenye a America" ndi "Mwezi Wachikhalidwe wa Native Heritage ku America" ndi omwe aperekedwa chaka chilichonse kuyambira 1994.
Polemekeza Mwezi Wamtengo wapatali wa Native America, zochitika zikuchitika m'dziko lonselo, ndipo malo okongola amachitira nawo chikondwerero chachikulu.
Pali malo okongola okwana 71, zipilala, malo osaiwalika, ndi misewu yomwe mbiri yake ili ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha American Indian. Onse amayenera kuyendera, koma ngati simukudziwa kumene mungayambire, onani malo otsatirawa kuti mulemekeze mwezi wofunikawu.
Wupatki National Monument, Arizona
M'zaka za m'ma 1100, malowa anali ndi anthu ambiri koma mabanja adataya nyumba zawo chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa phiri la Sunset Crater.
Monga mabanja ankafunikira kupeza malo ena kuti amere mbewu, nyumba zochepa zowonongeka zinalowetsedwa ndi pueblos zingapo zazikulu, zozungulira pueblos ndi pithobus. Wupatki, Wukoki, Lomaki, ndi zina zamatabwa pueblos zinayamba kutuluka ndi kugulitsa malonda omwe anakula. Wupatki inali malo abwino osonkhana a malonda, misonkhano, mapemphero, ndi zina. Ngakhale kuti anthu adachoka ku Wupatki, dera lawo linasiyidwa ndipo mpaka pano amakumbukiridwa ndi kusamalidwa.
Konzani ulendo wanu ku Wupatki National Monument.
Dziko la North Dakota, lomwe lili ndi Mzinda wa Indian Ocean
Mukufuna kukachezera mudzi wa Indian? Kumalo Otchuka Otchuka a Nkhalango ya Indian Villages, alendo angalowe m'malo a dziko lapansi ndikulingalira moyo wa Amwenye wamba. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zikuphatikizapo kuyang'ana zojambula zamakono, zikondwerero, ndi zina. Pakiyi imakhala ndi munda womwe umabala mbewu zachikhalidwe, kuphatikizapo chimanga cha buluu, nyemba zofiira za Hidatsa, ndi nyemba zambiri za maolivi.
Alendo angamvetsere kukumbukira moyo wa chikhalidwe cha Indian Hidatsa, kenako ayende kumalo a mudzi wa Sakakawea komwe kumakhala pansi pa moyo kumudzi, wokhala ndi masewera, miyambo, ndi malonda.
Ndi malo osakumbukika oti tiyendere.
Navajo National Monument, Arizona
Chikumbutso cha dzikoli chimasungira nyumba zitatu zowonongeka za anthu a Ancestral Puebloan. Mipingo ikuluikulu kamodzi idakhalamo: Hopi, Zuni, San Juan Southern Paiute, ndi Navajo.
Amuna a Hopi amamanga nyumbayi ndipo amatchedwa Hisatsinom. Zambiri mwa mafuko a Zuni, omwe adamanganso pueblos, adayamba kudera lino. Pambuyo pake, San Juan Southern Paiute adasamukira kudera lakumidzi ndikukhala pafupi ndi malo ogona. Iwo anali otchuka chifukwa cha madengu awo. Lero, malo awa akuzunguliridwa ndi mtundu wa Navajo, monga wakhala kwa zaka mazana ambiri.
Alendo angasangalale ndi malo ochezera alendo, museum, mijira itatu yochepetsedwera, malo awiri ozungulira, ndi malo a picnic. Dziwani zambiri za Chikumbutso cha National Navajo.
National Historic Trail, Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, ndi Tennessee
Njira yapaderayi imakumbukira kuchotsedwa kwa anthu a Cherokee Indian ochokera kumudzi kwawo ku Tennessee, Alabama, North Carolina, ndi Georgia. Iwo anakakamizidwa kutuluka kunja ndi boma la federal ndipo njirayo ikuwonetsera njira yomwe ma Cheachkee 17 omwe amatsatira kumadzulo kumapeto kwa 1838-39. Ambiri mwa anthu anayi alionse anafa panjira yopita ku "Indian Territory" - yomwe tsopano ikutchedwa Oklahoma.
Masiku ano, malo otchedwa National Historic Site (Trail of Tears) amaphatikizapo malo okwera mamita 2,200 ndipo amagawana mbali zina zisanu ndi zinayi.
Miliri Yoyenda Monument National, Iowa
Mzinda wa kumpoto chakum'maŵa kwa Iowa, chiwonetserochi chinakhazikitsidwa pa Oktoba 25, 1949. Chimalepheretsa malo okwana 200 a ku America omwe amamangidwa pamtunda wa Mtsinje wa Mississippi pakati pa 450 BC ndi AD 1300, kuphatikizapo miyendo 26 ya maonekedwe a mbalame ndi zimbalangondo. Muluwu umasonyeza kuti ndilo gawo lalikulu la chikhalidwe chomanga chomwe chiri chodabwitsa kwambiri kuona.
Zoposera khumi peresenti ya makilomita 10,000 omwe poyamba amapezeka kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Iowa akudalipobe.
Masiku ano, makilomita 191 amasungidwa mkati mwa chipilalacho, 29 mwa izo ndi mitsuko yooneka ngati nyama. Mitsinje Yovuta Msonkhano Wachifumu umapatsa alendo mwayi wophunzira za chikhalidwe chodabwitsa chomwe chinalipo chogwirizana ndi chilengedwe.
Paradaiso ya Mesa Verde, Colorado
Pakiyiyi inakhazikitsidwa mu 1906 kuti isunge zinyama zodabwitsa zapansi zakale za chikhalidwe cha zaka chikwi cha anthu a Ancestral Pueblo. Pafupifupi zaka 1400 zapitazo, anthu okhala m'dera la Four Corners anasankha Mesa Verde - yomwe ndi Spanish chifukwa cha "tebulo lobiriwira" - nyumba yawo. Kwa zaka zopitirira 700, mbadwa zidakhala pano, kumanga midzi yamwala yokhala ndi miyala yambiri yam'madzi omwe ali m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Alendo angayende malo atatu okhala ndi malo otsetsereka, akuyang'ana mapepala, akukwera m'misewu yokongola, ndipo amasangalala ndi maulendo a malo ofukula zinthu zakale. Mlendoyo akuwonetsanso zojambula ndi zojambula.
Sitka National Historical Park ku Alaska
Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1910, malo okalamba kwambiri a ku Alaska a Alaska amakumbukira nkhondo ya 1804 ya Sitka - yomaliza nkhondo yaikulu ya Tlingit Indian ku Russia. Zotsalira tsopano ndi malo a Tlingit Fort ndi nkhondo, yomwe ili mkatikati mwa paki 113.
Kuphatikizidwa kwa mitengo ya totementi ya kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi nkhalango zamvula zimagwirizanitsidwa pamtunda wodutsa m'nyanja. Mu 1905, Kazembe Wachigawo wa Alaska John G. Brady adabweretsanso mitsuko ya totem ku Sitka. Zithunzi zojambula mkungudza zidaperekedwa ndi atsogoleri achimuna ochokera m'midzi yomwe ili kumwera chakum'maŵa kwa Alaska.
Kuwonjezera pa malo odabwitsa kunja, alendo angaphunzire za chikhalidwe ndi zojambulajambula, amasangalala ndi ntchito zachinyamata, mvetserani zolankhula zomasuliridwa, ndikuyendera maulendo otsogolera.
Ocmulgee National Monument, Georgia
Chiyanjano pakati pa anthu ndi chuma cha chilengedwe chikusonyezedwa pa chiwonetsero ichi cha dziko. Ndipotu, kusungidwa kwa mbiri ya moyo waumunthu kumwera cha kumwera kwazaka zoposa 12,000.
Pakati pa 900-1150, gulu la alimayi la alimi ankakhala pa malowa pafupi ndi mtsinje wa Ocmulgee. Iwo anamanga tauni ya nyumba zamatabwa zamakona ndi miyala. Zolengedwa zina zinali zozungulira malo okhala pansi omwe ankakhala ngati malo oti azichitira misonkhano ndi miyambo. Mipira iyi imakalipobe lero.
Ntchito zina za alendo zimayenda ulendo woyendetsa njoka, kukwera njinga, kuyenda kwa chilengedwe, ndi kugula ku Ocmulgee National Monument Association's Museum Shop. Zosangalatsa? Konzani ulendo wanu tsopano!