Mphepete mwa nyanja ya Tanzania ndikutsukidwa ndi madzi otentha, a m'nyanjayi ya Indian, Zanzibar ndi malo otentha omwe ali ndi zilumba zambiri zomwe zimapezeka ndi Pemba ndi Unguja kapena chilumba cha Zanzibar. Masiku ano, dzina la Zanzibar limabweretsa zithunzi za mchenga woyera mchenga, mitengo ya palmu yambiri, ndi nyanja zamchere, onse akupsyopsedwa ndi mpweya wambiri wa malonda a East East. M'mbuyomu, kugwirizana ndi malonda a ukapolo kunapatsa mayiko ena malo otchuka.
Malonda a mtundu umodzi kapena wina ndi mbali yofunikira ya chikhalidwe cha chilumbachi ndipo yawonetsa mbiri yake kwa zaka masauzande ambiri. Kudziwika kwa Zanzibar ngati malo ogulitsira malonda kunakhazikitsidwa ndi malo ake ogulitsa njira kuchokera ku Arabia kupita ku Africa; komanso mwa kuchuluka kwake kwa zonunkhira zamtengo wapatali, kuphatikizapo cloves, sinamoni, ndi nutmeg. Kale, ulamuliro wa Zanzibar unkatanthawuza kupeza chuma chosawerengeka, chifukwa chake mbiri yakale ya Archaeology ili ndi mikangano, kumenyana, ndi ogonjetsa.
Mbiri Yakale
Zida zamwala zomwe zidapangidwa kuchokera ku khola la Kuumbi mu 2005 zikusonyeza kuti mbiri ya anthu ya Zanzibar ikubwerera kumbuyo. Zimaganiziridwa kuti anthu oyambirirawa anali oyendayenda komanso kuti anthu oyambirira okhazikika m'zilumbazi anali mamembala a mafuko a Bantu omwe anadutsa kuchokera kumtunda wa East Africa pafupifupi 1000 AD. Komabe, akuganiziranso kuti amalonda ochokera ku Asia anali atapita ku Zanzibar kwa zaka zosachepera 900 chisanadze abambowa.
M'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chimodzi, amalonda ochokera ku Persia anafika ku gombe la East Africa. Anamanga midzi ku Zanzibar, yomwe inakula m'zaka mazana anayi otsatira ku malonda ogangidwa kunja kwa mwala - njira yomanga kwathunthu ku mbali iyi ya dziko lapansi. Chisilamu chinayambika kuzilumba za panthawiyo, ndipo mu 1107 AD okhala ku Yemen anamanga msikiti woyamba kumwera kwa dziko lapansi ku Kizimkazi ku chilumba cha Unguja.
Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1500 ndi 1500, malonda pakati pa Arabiya, Persia, ndi Zanzibar anakula. Monga golidi, nyanga za minyanga, akapolo, ndi zonunkhira anasinthanitsa manja, malowa ankakula mu chuma ndi mphamvu.
Nthawi Yachikatolika
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1500, wofufuza mabuku wa Chipwitikizi dzina lake Vaso da Gama anapita ku Zanzibar, ndipo nkhani za chilengedwecho ndizofunika kwambiri kuti agulitse malonda ndi dziko la Swahili lomwe linafika ku Ulaya mwamsanga. Zanzibar inagonjetsedwa ndi Chipwitikizi patapita zaka pang'ono ndikukhala gawo la ufumu wake. Zinyumbazi zinapitirizabe kulamulidwa ndi Chipwitikizi kwa zaka pafupifupi 200, panthawiyi palimodzi anamanga Pemba kukhala chitetezo kwa Aarabu.
Achipwitikiziwo adayamba kumanga nyumba yamatabwa ku Unguja, yomwe pambuyo pake idzakhala mbali ya Stone Town yomwe ili yotchuka kwambiri .
Sultanate wa Oman
Mu 1698, a Chipwitikizi anathamangitsidwa ndi Omanis, ndipo Zanzibar anakhala gawo la Sultanate of Oman. Malonda anawonjezanso kachiwiri ndi kuganizira akapolo, nyanga, ndi cloves; Chomalizacho chinayamba kupangidwa pamtunda waukulu m'minda yoperekedwa. Omanis amagwiritsa ntchito chuma chomwe chimapangidwa ndi mafakitalewa kuti apitirize kumanga nyumba zachifumu ndi zinyumba mumzinda wa Stone Town, womwe unakhala umodzi mwa mizinda yapamwamba kwambiri m'deralo.
Anthu a ku Africa omwe anali pachilumbachi anali akapolo ndipo ankagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka ntchito kwaulere m'minda. Zigulisi zinamangidwa kuzilumba zonsezi, ndipo mu 1840, Sultan Seyyid Said anapanga Stone Town likulu la Oman. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, Oman ndi Zanzibar anakhala maulamuliro awiri osiyana, aliyense analamulidwa ndi mmodzi wa ana a Sultan. Nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Omani ku Zanzibar imatanthauzidwa ndi nkhanza ndi masautso a malonda a akapolo monga momwe chuma chinapangidwira, ndi akapolo oposa 50,000 omwe akudutsa m'misika yamalonda chaka chilichonse.
Ulamuliro wa Britain ndi Kudziimira
Kuchokera m'chaka cha 1822, Britain inayamba chidwi kwambiri ndi Zanzibar makamaka poyesa kuthetsa malonda a akapolo padziko lonse. Pambuyo polemba zizindikiro zingapo ndi Sultan Seyyid Said ndi mbadwa zake, malonda a akapolo a Zanzibar adafafanizidwa mu 1876.
Chikoka cha ku Zanzibar chinawonjezeka mpaka Mpangano wa Heligoland-Zanzibar unakhazikitsa malowa monga British Protectorate mu 1890.
Pa December 10, 1963, Zanzibar inapatsidwa ufulu wodzilamulira monga ufumu wadziko; mpaka patangopita miyezi yochepa, pamene Zanzibar Revolution yomwe idapambanayo inakhazikitsa malowa monga boma lodziimira. Panthawi ya chisinthiko, nzika 12,000 zachiarabu ndi Indian zinaphedwa pobwezera chipolowe kwa zaka zambiri ndi akapolo otsala omwe anatsogoleredwa ndi Uganda Okello.
Mu April 1964, pulezidenti watsopano adalumikizana ndi dziko la Tanzania (lomwe tsopano limatchedwa Tanganyika). Ngakhale kuti derali lakhala ndi gawo losalekeza la ndale ndi zipembedzo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Zanzibar ndi gawo limodzi lokha la Tanzania lero.
Kufufuza Mbiri ya Chilumbachi
Alendo amakono ku Zanzibar adzapeza umboni wochuluka wa mbiri yakale ya zilumbazi. Momwemonso, malo abwino kwambiri oti muyambe ndi ku Stone Town, omwe tsopano akutchedwa UNESCO World Heritage Site chifukwa cha zokongola za mitundu yambiri. Ulendo woyendetsedwa umapereka chidziwitso chogometsa pa zowopsa za tawuni ya Asia, Arabiya, Africa ndi Ulaya, zomwe zimadziwonetsera zokhazokha-monga kusonkhanitsa nsanja, mzikiti, ndi misika. Maulendo ena amapitanso kumadera otchuka a zonunkhira a Unguja.
Ngati mukukonzekera kufufuza Mzinda wa Stone, pezani kuti mupite kunyumba ya Wonders, nyumba yachifumu yomangidwa mu 1883 kwa Sultan wachiwiri wa Zanzibar; ndi Old Fort, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi Aportugal mu 1698. Kumalo ena, mabwinja a m'zaka za zana la 13 a tawuni yokhala ndi mipanda yomangira nyumba asanafike, a Chipwitikizi amapezeka ku Pujini pachilumba cha Pemba. Pafupi, mabwinja a Ras Mkumbuu adayambira m'zaka za zana la 14 ndikuphatikizapo zotsalira za mzikiti waukulu.