Zapotec zofiira zamoto ndi chimodzi mwa zojambulajambula zojambula popanga ku Mexico. Muwapeza akugulitsa m'masitolo ku Mexico komanso kunja kwa dziko, koma malo abwino kwambiri oti muwagulire ali ku Oaxaca, komwe mungathe kukayendera maofesi akunyumba ndi kuwona ntchito zonse zovuta zomwe zimapanga izi. zojambulajambula. Makoma ambiri a Oaxacan ndi tapestries amapangidwa ku Teotitlan del Valle, mudzi womwe uli pamtunda wa makilomita 30 kummawa kwa Oaxaca City .
Mudzi uwu wokhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 5,000 wapindula mwachindunji kutchuka kwapadziko lonse kuti apangidwe makapu a ubweya ndi matepi.
Pali midzi yambiri yokazinga ku Oaxaca, monga Santa Ana del Valle. Alendo ku Oaxaca omwe ali ndi chidwi choyendera ovala nsalu ndi kugula makoti ayenera kupita ku midzi iyi kukawona njira yoyamba. Ambiri mwa anthu awa a Zapotec amalankhula chinenero cha Zapotec komanso Spanish, ndipo akhala akusunga miyambo yawo ndi zikondwerero.
Mbiri ya Zapotec Kuphika
Mzinda wa Teotitlan del Valle umakhala ndi mwambo wautali wotchulidwa m'nthaŵi za Chispaniya. Zidadziwika kuti anthu a Zapotec a Teotitlan amapereka ulemu kwa Aaziteki mu katundu wovekedwa, ngakhale kutayika kwa nthawi imeneyo kunali kosiyana kwambiri ndi lero. Kale ku America kunalibe nkhosa, kotero palibe ubweya; Ambiri amavala ndi thonje. Zida za malondazo zinali zosiyana kwambiri, popeza panalibe magudumu oyendayenda kapena malemba omwe amapezeka ku Mesoamerica yakale .
Makina ambiri amapangidwa pamtunda, womwe umagwiritsidwanso ntchito masiku ano m'madera ena.
Ndi kufika kwa Aspania, kupukuta nsalu kunasinthidwa. Anthu a ku Spain ankabweretsa nkhosa, choncho zimapangidwa kuchokera ku ubweya waubweya, magudumu ankaloledwa kuti zipangidwe mofulumira kwambiri ndipo chombocho chinkapangidwa kuti zikhale zikuluzikulu kuposa momwe zinalili zotheka kupangira nsalu.
Njira
Makapu ambiri a Zapotec amapangidwa ndi ubweya wa nkhosa, wokhala ndi thonje la thonje, ngakhale kuti zina zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zina. Palinso zidutswa zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimangidwa mu silika. Ena owomba nsalu akhala akuyesera ndi kuwonjezera kwa nthenga kumapanga awo aubweya, kuphatikizapo njira zina zakale.
Ovala nsalu za Teotitlan del Valle amagula ubweya pamsika. Nkhosa zimamera pamwamba pamapiri, m'dera la Mixteca Alta, kumene kutentha kumakhala kofiira ndipo ubweya umakula kwambiri. Amachapa ubweya ndi mzu wotchedwa amole (sopo chomera kapena soaproot), sopo wachibadwa chomwe chimakhala chowawa kwambiri, ndipo, malinga ndi ovala nsalu, amathandiza ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuteteza tizirombo.
Pamene ubweya uli wouma ndi wouma, umakonzedwa ndi dzanja, ndiyeno umadulidwa ndi magudumu. Ndiye iyo ili yokutidwa.
Dyes Achilengedwe
M'zaka za m'ma 1970 kunali kubwereranso pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya chilengedwe pofera ubweya. Zina mwazochokera ku zamasamba zimagwiritsa ntchito marigolds a chikasu ndi alanje, mandimu a masamba, zipolopolo za pecan za bulauni, ndi mesquite wakuda. Awa ndi am'deramo. Mitundu yomwe imagulidwa imaphatikizapo cochineal kwa reds ndi purples ndi indigo buluu.
Cochineal amaonedwa kuti ndiwunikira kwambiri.
Zimapereka maonekedwe osiyanasiyana a reds, purples, ndi malalanje. Dayi iyi inali yamtengo wapatali kwambiri mu nthawi zamakoloni pamene inkaonedwa ngati "golide wofiira" ndipo inatumizidwa ku Ulaya kumene kunalibe dairy zofiira zosatha, choncho zinali zofunika kwambiri. Anayambanso kujambula yunifolomu ya ankhondo a ku Britain "Zowombola." Kenako anagwiritsira ntchito zodzoladzola ndi mitundu ya chakudya. M'nthaŵi zamakoloni, ankagwiritsa ntchito nsalu yakufa. Anapereka mipingo yokongola kwambiri ya Oaxaca monga Santo Domingo .
Zojambula
Zolinga zamtunduwu zimakhazikitsidwa pa zochitika zapasipanishi, monga "zozizwitsa" zojambulajambula kuchokera ku Mitla zakale zofukulidwa pansi, ndi diamond ya Zapotec. Zojambula zambiri zamakono zingapezekenso, kuphatikizapo zokolola za zojambulajambula ndi ojambula otchuka monga Diego Rivera, Frida Kahlo, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuzindikira Mtundu
Ngati mukuyang'ana kugula matimba a Zapotec, muyenera kukumbukira kuti khalidwe la ma rugs limasiyana kwambiri. Mtengo umachokera osati pa kukula kwake, komanso kumvetsa kwa kapangidwe kake ndi khalidwe lonse la chidutswacho. Zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza ngati chovalacho chimajambula ndi zamasamba kapena zachilengedwe. Kawirikawiri, ma tebulo opanga amapanga maimidwe owonjezera. Mpukutu uyenera kukhala ndi ulusi 20 pa inchi, koma matepi apamwamba amakhala ndi zambiri. Kuwongolera kwa nsaluyi kumatsimikizira kuti galimotoyo idzapangika pa nthawi yake. Mpukutu wabwino kwambiri umayenera kugona pansi ndipo umakhala wowongoka.