Othawa kwawo chitetezo chaumoyo akusintha m'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi
Malinga ndi International Air Transport Association, pafupifupi maulendo okwana 102,700 ankayenda tsiku lililonse mu 2015. Ngakhale kuti ambiri mwa iwo anali kupita kumapeto kwawo popanda chochitika, ndege zingapo sizinafike. Pambuyo pa kutha kwawo pali mafunso ambiri okhudza chitetezo cha ndege zogulitsidwa nthawi zonse.
Pamene ndege ikugwedezeka pansi, anthu ena amatha kuchita mantha ndi paranoia pokwera ndege yawo yotsatira.
Popanda kudziwa kwathunthu mbiri ya ndege, osadziwa oyendetsa ndege kapena zolinga zawo, komanso chifukwa choopa uchigawenga padziko lonse lapansi, kodi ndibwinobe kuthawa?
Uthenga wabwino kwa anthu apaulendo ndi kuti ngakhale pangozi yomwe ikubwera ndi kuwuluka, palibenso zochepa zowonongeka pouluka kuposa zowonongeka , kuphatikizapo kuyendetsa galimoto. Malingana ndi chiwerengero chomwe chinasonkhanitsidwa ndi 1001Crash.com, ngozi za ndege zokwana 370 zinachitika padziko lonse pakati pa 1999 ndi 2008, zomwe zinapha anthu 4,717. Panthawi yomweyi, inshuwalansi ya Highway Safety inati 419,303 a ku America okha anaphedwa chifukwa cha ngozi ya galimoto. Izi zikuimira chiŵerengero cha 88-to-1 cha maiko a ku America omwe amapha anthu ku ngozi zamalonda padziko lonse.
Kuti mumvetse bwino zomwe zikuchitika ndi ndege zamalonda, ganizirani zochitika zonse zogulitsa ndege padziko lonse m'mbiri yatsopano.
Mndandanda wotsatirawu ukutsitsa zochitika zonse zowonongeka za ndege zamalonda pakati pa February 2015 ndi May 2016, zolembedwa mwachidule ndi chigawo.
Africa: 330 kufala kwa ndege
Pakati pa February 2015 ndi May 2016, panali ngozi zitatu zowononga ndege zamalonda kapena kuzungulira Africa. Chinthu chodziwika kwambiri ndi ichi chinali MetroJet Flight 9268, yomwe idatsika pambuyo pa kupasuka kwa mpweya pakati pa October 31, 2015.
Ndegeyi inali njira yokhayo yomwe inatsimikiziridwa kuti ndiuchigawenga pa ndege ya zamalonda mu 2015, ndikupha anthu 224 omwe ali m'ndegeyo.
Zowonjezerapo zina mwazimenezi zinali kupha ndege ku Allied Services Limited ku South Sudan, kupha anthu 40 omwe anali m'ndegeyo, ndi zochitika zatsopano za Egyptair Flight 804, pamodzi ndi anthu onse 66 omwe anali pafupi kufa. Chochitika cha Egyptair chikufufuzidwabe.
Pakati pa zochitika zonse zakupha ku Africa, anthu 330 anaphedwa mu ngozi zitatu.
Asia (kuphatikizapo Middle East): 143 kupha nyama
M'madera onse omwe anakhudzidwa ndi zochitika za ndege, Asia yakhala ikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ngozi zamalonda, Pakati pa February 2015 ndi May 2016, dera lonselo linagwidwa ndi ngozi zisanu za ndege, kuposa malo ena onse padziko lapansi.
Chochitika chodziwika kwambiri ndi chowonetseratu chinali Transasia Flight 235, yomwe inagwidwa ndi makamera oyang'anitsitsa pamene kuwonongeka kwachitika. Anthu okwana 43 anaphedwa pamene ATR-72 inagwa mu mtsinje wa Keelung ku Taiwan. Zochitika zina zazikulu ndi Trigana Flight 237, zomwe zinapha anthu 54 akukwera ndege, ndi Tara Air Flight 193, yomwe inapha anthu onse 23 mu ndege yawo pamene inapita ku Nepal.
Pakati pa ngozi zisanu zakupha ku Asia, anthu 143 anaphedwa pamene ndege yawo inatsika.
Europe: 212 kufala kwa ndege
Europe yakhala ikuwonetsa zambiri kuposa kufala kwa ndege zowonongeka m'zaka ziwiri zapitazo. Kuphatikizapo kupha ndege ya Malaysia Airlines 17 ndi kugawidwa kwa zigawenga ku Brussels Airport, ndege ziwiri zamalonda zinapita ku Ulaya pakati pa February 2015 ndi May 2016.
Mosakayikira, choopsa kwambiri cha zochitika izi chinali chochitika cha Germanwings Flight 9525, pamene ndege ya Airbus A320 inabweretsedwa mwadala ku French Alps ndi woyendetsa ndegeyo. Anthu 150 omwe anali m'bwalo la ndegewa anaphedwa ndegeyo itagwa. Chochitika cha ndegeyi chikuchititsa kuti Ulaya asinthe miyambo yawo yambiri yosungira ndege, kuphatikizapo kulamula anthu awiri kukhalabe pabedi nthawi zonse.
Choopsa china chinali kuwonongeka kwa FlyDubai Flight 981, pamene anthu 62 anaphedwa pamene oyendetsa galimotoyo anayesera kubwezera kuyendetsa ndege ku Rostov-on-Don Airport ku Russia.
Pakati pa zochitika ziwiri zowonongeka, anthu 212 anaphedwa pa ngozi ziwiri za ndege pa nthawi ya miyezi 16.
North America: kupha anthu asanu
Ku North America, panali ngozi imodzi yokha ya ndege yomwe inachititsa kuti anthu aphedwe. Komabe, panali zochitika zina zambiri zomwe sizinawonongeke.
Chinthu chokha chimene chinachititsa kuti anthu aphedwe ku Mexico, pamene ndege ya ndege ya Aeronaves TSM inathyoka posakhalitsa. Anthu atatu omwe anapha ndege komanso oyendetsa ndege oyendetsa ndege anaphedwa chifukwa cha zomwe zinachitika.
Ponseponse kumpoto kwa America, panali ngozi zina zowonongeka m'chaka cha 2015 zomwe zinavulaza ena, koma palibe ngozi. Ulendo wa Delta Air Lines 1086 pomalizira pake unagwirizana ndi kanyumba kazitsime pambuyo pofika pamsewu pa March 2015, zomwe zinayambitsa 23 kuvulala. Pambuyo pa mwezi womwewo, Air Canada Flight 624 inafika pamphepete mwa msewu, ndipo inalowanso anthu 23 okwera ndege. Pomaliza, British Airways Flight 2276 anakumana ndi zovulala 14, atathawa atuluka ndege zawo za Boeing 777-200ER chifukwa chowotcha moto.
Udindo wa inshuwalansi yaulendo mu chochitika cha ndege
Pa zovuta kwambiri, inshuwalansi yaulendo ingathandize anthu oyendayenda komanso mabanja awo kuzungulira dziko lapansi. Ngati ngozi yowonongeka, nthawi zambiri apaulendo amawombedwa ndi imfa yowonongeka mwadzidzidzi komanso kubwezeretsedwa, kuphatikizapo kuunikira kwawo kovomerezeka ndi misonkhano ya Warsaw ndi Montreal . Ngati munthu wapaulendo akulemala kapena ataphedwa, inshuwalansi yaulendo ikhoza kulipilira phindu kwa opindula omwe atha kukhalapo.
Ngati akuvutika ndi kuvulaza ndege, amalendo angapindule mwamsanga kuchokera kuchipatala kudzera mu inshuwalansi zawo zoyendayenda. Ngati chithandizo chamankhwala chodzidzimutsa kapena kuchipatala chikufunika, ndondomeko za inshuwalansi zoyendayenda zimatha kulipira kuchipatala cha mankhwala onse oyenera. Ma inshuwalansi ena amatha kupitanso okondedwa awo kudziko kuti akambirane mwadzidzidzi, atulukamo ana ndi omwe amadalira kudziko lina, kapena kulipira ambulansi ya mpweya kuchokera kuchipatala kupita kunyumba. Musanayambe ulendo wotsatira, onetsetsani kuti muyang'anire ndi wothandizira inshuwalansi kuti muonetsetse kuti mukuyenda bwino.
M'kupita kwa nthawi, oyendayenda akukumana ndi chiopsezo chachikulu mmalo mwa mlengalenga. Pozindikira nambala zochepa za zochitika pamsewu padziko lonse lapansi, oyenda amatha kuyendetsa mantha awo ndikusangalala ndi maulendo awo amtundu wapadziko lonse.