Kumayambiriro kwa Sonoma County History - Mitundu Yakale ku Bear Bear Revolt
Mitundu Yachibale
Timalankhula zambiri za dziko la Vinyo komanso "moyo wabwino." Koma, okhalamo oyambirira a Sonoma County, anthu a mafuko a Pomo, Miwok ndi Wappo , akuwoneka kuti ndiwo omwe ankadziwa momwe angakhalire. Nkhani zambiri za mbiri yakale zimawafotokozera ngati anthu amtendere. Kupulumuka sikunali kovuta ndi zipatso zonse ndi nsomba ndi nyama zakuthengo ndi nyengo yofatsa. Komanso, panthawiyo, iwo analibe ngongole yoti azidandaula nazo.
Kotero, iwo amatha kukhala ndi nthawi yochuluka yochuluka yochitira zinthu zonse zomwe anthu akufuna kuti azichita ngati atangokhala ndi nthawi yochuluka. Amatha kuthamangitsidwa ndi banja lawo ndi abwenzi, kuimba ndi kuvina, kuvomereza zauzimu, kusangalala ndi chilengedwe, ndikupanga luso.
Mwachitsanzo, Amwenye a Pomo anapanga madengu osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana. Koma, adakhalanso ndi nthawi yosamalira maluso awo ndikupanga mabasiketi omwe sankangogwira ntchito koma ojambula komanso okongola. Ndipotu, madengu a Pomo ndiwo amtengo wapatali kwambiri, osati olemekezeka kwambiri, padziko lapansi. Zina mwa zopeza zazikulu zingapezeke ku Smithsonian ndi ku Kremlin. Palinso zabwino ku Jesse Peter Museum ku College of Santa Rosa Junior. Ndipo Mendocino County Museum ku Willits amakhala ndi madengu ena ndi Elsie Allen. Allen anali mphunzitsi wodziwika wa ku Pomo wa ku India, wolemba zipolopolo komanso wachitsamba amene ankakhala ku Sonoma County kumayambiriro mpaka m'ma 1900.
Elsie Allen High School kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Santa Rosa amatchulidwa pambuyo pake.
Oyamba a European Settlers
Anthu ena amaganiza kuti Sir Frances Drake, munthu woyamba wa Chingerezi kuti ayende padziko lonse lapansi, anafika ku Bodega Bay ku Campbell Cove mu 1577, paulendowu. (Pafupi zaka makumi asanu izi zisanachitike, Ferdinand Magellan waku Portugal anali munthu woyamba m'mbiri yodziwika kuti awononge dziko lonse lapansi) Koma mpaka lero palibe amene akudziwa kumene adayendetsa, ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri monga mizinda kumtunda ndi pansi coast vie chifukwa cha kusiyana.
Chimene tikudziŵa ndi chakuti kukhazikika koyamba kosatha kumzinda wa Sonoma ndi anthu omwe sanali mbadwa sikunamangidwe ndi Chingerezi ndipo sikunamangidwe ndi Spanish. Iyo inamangidwa ndi a Russia.
Anthu ambiri a ku Russia ankapita ku Alaska kukapha otters chifukwa cha ubweya wawo wamtengo wapatali. Pamene chiwerengero cha anthuwa chinatha, amatsinjewo anasamukira kumwera. Mu 1812 gulu lina la iwo linafika ku Bodega Bay ndipo linakhazikitsa kumpoto kuchokera kumeneko. Anatchula kuti "Ross," dzina lakale la "Russia." (Fort Ross tsopano ndi California State Park.)
Anthu a ku Spain, sanasangalale nazo. Iwo akukwera kuchokera ku Mexico pamodzi ndi maofesi a zomangamanga a Coastal California ndikudandaula kuti dzikoli ndilo dziko la Spain. Fort Rusta yatsopano idalimbikitsa iwo kuti ayende kudutsa San Francisco ndi kumanga Nyumba Zatsopano zowonjezera kumpoto ndikugwirizanitsa gawolo munthu aliyense asanalowemo. Ndipo Bambo Jose Altimira, wansembe wachangu wofuna kutchuka ku Mission San Francisco, anaganiza kuti ndi mwamuna yekha chitani.
Altimira anapita kumpoto ndikukapeza malo ambiri mumtsinje wa Petaluma, Suisun ndi Napa. Pomalizira pake anasankha Chigwa cha Sonoma kukhala malo abwino okhalamo. Francisco Solano Mission, yomwe imadziwika kuti Sonoma Mission, inamangidwa mumzinda wa Sonoma.
Panthawiyo, Mexico idalengeza ufulu wawo kuchokera ku Spain, Ndipo posakhalitsa, boma la Mexico linaganiza zothetsa ntchitoyo. Kotero ntchito ku Sonoma inali yomalizira ndi yomaliza kumpoto, ndipo yokhayo yomangidwa pansi pa ulamuliro wa Mexican. Mukayang'ana mapu mungathe kuona momwe mphamvu ya ku Spain / Mexican inagonjera kumene kumangidwanso ntchito yomaliza. Pamene mukupita kumpoto kudutsa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya California, mudzawona mizinda yambiri yomwe ili ndi mayina oyambira San ndi Santa, Los ndi Las. Santa Rosa ndiyo yomaliza.
Ngakhale kuti Mission Sonoma inamangidwa pofuna kulepheretsa chikomyunizimu ndi ena, makamaka a Russia, Russia sichidawakhumudwitse. Ndipotu, anthu a ku Fort Ross sanangosonyeza kokha kupatulira kwa tchalitchi cha mission, komabe anabweretsa nsalu zamkuwa, zoikapo nyali ndi belu.
Ntchitoyo inakula, koma pofika m'ma 1830 boma la Mexican linaganiza kuthetseratu ntchito yaumishonale. Mkulu wazaka 27, General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, anatumizidwa ku Sonoma mu 1835 kuti ayang'anire ntchito ya Sonoma Mission. Anaperekedwanso lamulo lokhazikitsa malowa kuti adziwe chigamulo cha Mexican ndikuletsa anthu a ku Russia kuti asapite patsogolo.
General Vallejo
Vallejo adayamba kugwira ntchito yokonza dzikolo. Anatenga maekala 66,000 ku Petaluma yekha ndipo anakhazikitsa munda wamtunda kumeneko. Petaluma Adobe tsopano ndi State Historic Park. Pamene Sonoma ndi San Rafael Missions zinathetsedwa, ziweto zambiri ndi antchito ambiri a ku India adagwidwa ndi zida za Vallejo.Malo ena onsewa anali okhudzidwa ndi ena, ambiri mwa iwo omwe anali achibale awo a Vallejo.
Mlamu ake aakazi, Dona Maria Carrillo, anatenga malo pamtsinje wa Santa Rosa ndipo anamanga Carrillo Adobe, nyumba yoyamba ku Ulaya ku Santa Rosa Valley. Sukulu yapamwamba ya Maria Carrillo, kumpoto chakum'maŵa kwa Santa Rosa imatchulidwa pambuyo pake.
Kapiteni John Rogers Cooper anakwatira mlongo wa Vallejo, dzina lake Encarnacion ndipo anatenga El Molino Rancho yomwe ili masiku ano a Forestville. Rogers anamanga nyumba yoyamba yowonongeka, ndipo dzina lake "Molino" lomwe limatanthauza "mphero" m'Chisipanishi. (Sukulu ya sekondale ku Forestville amatchedwa El Molino.)
Kapiteni Henry Fitche, yemwe anakwatira mlongo wina wa Vallejo, adalandira thandizo la Sotoyome, lomwe tsopano ndi Healdsburg. Fitche anathera nthawi yochuluka ku San Diego, motero anatumiza Cyrus Alexander kuti apange kayendedwe kameneka, akumulonjeza mahekitala 10,000. Aleksandro adatenga dziko lomwe tsopano ndi Alexander Valley.
Malo ambiri anapatsidwa kwa anthu kunja kwa banja, komanso.
Ndipo Vallejo adachoka kuti akakamize anthu ena a ku Anglo kuti apange malo omwe ali pafupi ndi Russia kuti atsekeze anthu a ku Russia.
Apanso, anthu a ku Russia sanawoneke kuti ndi ovuta kwambiri. Masiku ano, Fort Ross amayang'aniridwa ndi State Parks, ndipo amakhala ndi Cultural Heritage Tsiku pachaka.
Pa chikondwererochi, bungwe lakutanthauzira la Fort Ross linkayambanso kufotokoza tsiku lina mu 1836. Atsikana a ku Mexico a ku Sonoma akuwonekera ku Fort ndipo adalamula kuti a Russia achoke. Monga chisonyezero cha mphamvu, a Russia akuwombera zida zawo. Ndiyeno amaitanira anthu a ku Mexico kupita nawo ku phwando.
Koma, oyandikana naye anansiwo anayenera kuchoka posakhalitsa. Iwo anali atapha anthu otter kuti atha pang'ono kutha ndipo iwo anabwerera ku Russia. Ambiri mwa abambowo adabweretsanso akwatibwi a ku America ndi ana. (Ndipo adabweretsanso mabasiketi a Pomo, omwe akufotokozera chifukwa chake Kremlin ili ndi ngongole yabwino kwambiri.)
Boma la Mexican linalibe nthawi yokwanira yopereka mpumulo kuti anthu a ku Russia asanakhalepo pangozi yatsopano yomwe inabwera kumpoto kwa California California: American Pioneers.
The Bear Flag Revolt
Okhala ku America, owuziridwa ndi mbiri za dziko la paradiso la California, adadutsa pa Sierras ndi Sonoma. Wopatsa mphatso Donner Party anali gulu limodzi la apainiya. Atsikana awiri aang'ono omwe adasiyidwa ana amasiye ndi ulendo wamtenderewu, adatha kukhala ndi banja ku Sonoma. Mmodzi mwa atsikana, Eliza Donner pamapeto pake analemba kuti "Maulendo a chipani cha Donner ndi tsoka lake," zomwe zili m'buku la California As I Saw It: Mbiri Yoyamba ya Anthu a California, 1849-1900 za akaunti yake angapezeke pano.Pamene anthu ochulukirapo ambiri adatsanulira mderalo, mikangano inakula pakati pa atsopano ndi a Californios omwe adamva kuti dziko lawo likugwedezeka. Vallejo analemba kuti: "Kusamuka kwa North America ku California lerolino kumapanga mzere wosagwedezeka wa magaleta ... ukuwopsya."
Panali mphekesera kuti Mexico idzathamangitsa Amerika. Ndipo m'nyengo ya chilimwe cha 1846, nkhani ina inafalikira kudera limene Mexico inalamula ku America kuti apite ku California. Panthawiyi, gulu la ragtag linafika ku Sonoma kukakumana ndi General Vallejo.
Iwo adayendetsa nyumba yake ya Sonoma ndipo woyang'anira gulu losavomerezeka, Ezekiel Merritt, adalowa mkati kukalankhula ndi General. Patatha maola ambiri, Merritt sanabwere. Kotero, mwamuna wina wochokera mu gululo analowa kuti akafufuze. Iye sanabwererenso mwina. Pomaliza, mwamuna wina dzina lake William Ide analowa mkati kukawona zomwe zikuchitika. Pambuyo pake analemba kuti: "Anakhala pansi Merrit - mutu wake wagwa ... ndipo adakhalapo watsopano yemwe anapanga Kapiteni kukhala wosalankhula monga mpando umene anakhalapo.
Botololi linali pafupi kwambiri kugonjetsa ogwidwawo. "Zikuwoneka kuti General Vallejo, yemwe nthawi zonse anali wolandiridwa bwino, anali wokoma mtima kuti apereke chizindikiro cha anthu omwe angakhale ogwidwawo.
Alendo sanali alendo. Otsalawo adagwidwa ndi Vallejo pamodzi ndi anthu ambiri a m'banja lake ndikupita nawo ku Sacramento komwe adakakhala kundende kwa miyezi ingapo.
Pakali pano, gulu la apainiya linalengeza dziko latsopano. Ndipo iwo adalenga mbendera ndi mawu akuti "California Republic" ndi chithunzi cha chimbalangondo cha grizzly. Ena mwa owonawo adawoneka ngati nkhumba. Zikuwoneka kuti Bear Bear inapangidwa ndi mphwake wa Mary Todd Lincoln, mkazi wa Pulezidenti Lincoln.
M'bale John Bidwell, yemwe analemba nkhani zambiri zokhudza "Bear Flag Revolt," analemba kuti:
"Amuna omwe adatsalira Sonoma anali William B. Ide, amene ankaganiza kuti ali woyang'anira ... Mwamuna wina amene anachoka ku Sonoma anali William L. Todd yemwe anajambula pa thonje la bulauni, pabwalo ndi hafu kapena kutalika, ndi utoto wakale wofiira kapena wofiira umene iye anapeza, chomwe iye ankafuna kuti akhale chifaniziro cha chimbalangondo cha grizzly. Izi zinaleredwa pamwamba pa antchito, mamita makumi asanu kuchokera pansi. Amwenye a ku California akuyang'ana mmwamba amamveka akunena kuti 'Coche,' omwe amawatchula kuti nkhumba kapena kuwombera. Zaka zoposa makumi atatu pambuyo pake ndinakumana ndi Todd pa sitimayo akubwera ku Sacramento Valley. Iye sadasinthe kwambiri, koma adawoneka bwino kwambiri. Anandiuza kuti amayi a Lincoln anali azakhali ake, ndipo analeredwa m'banja la Abraham Lincoln. "
Kwa masiku 22, mbendera ya mbendera inagwera pa Sonoma pamene anthu omwe anafika ku California adanena kuti dziko la California ndi boma lodziimira pawokha. Komano nkhondoyo inakhala mbali ya nkhondo yaikulu ya ku Mexican ndi America. Dziko la Mexico linataya nkhondo ndipo linaletsa California kupita ku United States.
Pambuyo pake, moto umene unatsata 1906 Chivomezi chachikulu cha dziko lapansi chinawotcha ndi kuwononga mbendera yoyambirira ya chimbalangondo. Koma, mzimu wake umakhala moyo. California adatengera chimbalangondo kwa dziko lake mbendera.
Gawo 2 la Sonoma County History ikubwera posachedwa.