Mzinda wa Old-World Science and Industry Museum
Choyamba chinakhazikitsidwa chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 ndi Abbot Henri Grégoire ngati malo osungiramo zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ndi chitukuko, Musee des Arts et Métiers anatsegula zitseko zake ngati nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale m'chaka cha 1802. Bungwe la Parisian lomwe nthawi zambiri limanyalanyaza koma losangalatsa lidzasintha mlendo amene amachitira chidwi pa mbiri ya sayansi, engineering, chitukuko cha sayansi kapena zopanga zinthu.
Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, yomwe yakhala ikukonzekera bwino kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwapa, ikuwonetseratu mbiri ya zofunikira ndi zopangidwe zamakono kuyambira ku Antiquity mpaka lero. Zinthu zoposa 80,000 ndi zojambulajambula zokwana 20,000 zimapanga zosonkhanitsa zosatha, zogawidwa pamadera asanu ndi awiri akuluakulu: mafakitale, makina, mauthenga, sayansi, makina, mphamvu, ndi kayendedwe.
Zithunzi zochepa chabe pa Arts & Metiers ndizoyambani chitsanzo choyamba cha ndege ndi katswiri wodziwika koma wofunika kwambiri Clement Ader, choyambitsira choyamba cha Blaise Pascal, kapena kuti Lumiere Brothers 'akubaya koyamba pa kamera ya kanema. Mzinda wa La Collégiale Saint-Martin-des-Champs, womwe uli m'tchalitchi chokongola kwambiri cha 1100, umakhala kunyumba kwa "Pendulum" ya Foucault, yomwe yakhala ikudziwika bwino kuyambira pamene buku lolemba buku la Italy la Umberto Eco linafalitsidwa.
Pemphani kuti muyambe kuthamanga ku gem osamvetsetseka ngati kuchepetsa kapena kuchoka pakati pa zokopa pakatikati mwa mzinda: Zili bwino, ndipo zimalimbikitsidwa (Ine ndabwera kangapo kuti ndikuyamikire zokololazo ndikudabwa ndi zochitika).
Malo ndi Mauthenga Othandizira:
Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ili m'katikati mwa chigawo cha 3 cha Paris, pafupi ndi zokopa ndi malo monga Centre Georges Pompidou ndi dera la Marais .
Adilesi:
60 Rue Reaumur
Metro: Arts et Metiers kapena Reaumur-Sebastopol
Tel: +33 (0) 1 53 01 82 00
Pitani ku webusaiti yathu yovomerezeka (zowonjezera zokha zilipo mu Chingerezi)
Maola Otsegula ndi Tiketi:
Nyumba yosungiramo nyumbayi imatsegulidwa kuyambira Lachiwiri mpaka Lamlungu, 10:00 am mpaka 6 koloko masana (kutsegula mpaka 9:30 masana Lachinayi madzulo). Usiku Lachinayi mpaka 9pm30. Anatsekedwa Lachinayi. Tsegulani pa maholide ambiri a ku France , kupatula pa 1 May ndi 25 December (Tsiku la Khirisimasi).
Tikiti: Onani pano kuti mudziwe zamtengo wapatali ndi mitengo yovomerezeka ya museum.
Phukusi la Museum Museum la Paris likuvomereza kuvomereza. (Gulani Direct pa Rail Europe)
Malo Odyera ndi Zochitika Zozungulira:
- Mzinda wa Georges Pompidou
- Musee Picasso (atsekedwa kuti akonzedwe kupyolera mu Spring wa 2013)
- Mzinda wa Marais
- District Canal Saint-Martin
- Musee Carnavalet (Museum of Paris History)
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za Msonkhano Wosatha:
Kusonkhanitsa kwamuyaya ku Musee des Arts et Metiers kumagawidwa kudera lalikulu zisanu ndi ziwiri, monga tanenera kale. Gawo lirilonse limakufikitsani mwa kufufuza kwa nyengo momwe gawo lirilonse la sayansi linasinthika zaka mazana ambiri za mayesero ndi zolakwika ndi zatsopano.
Zida za sayansi
Mu gawo lino la nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, mudzaphunzira mbiri ya zisudzo zamasayansi, zisanafike 1750 mpaka lero.
Kuchokera kwa abacus ku dzuwa-kulumikiza, microscope yoyambirira ku makina owonjezereka opitirira, zigawo izi zikuwonetsa kusinthika kwa zaka mazana ambiri za zida zomwe lero zakhala zikudziwika bwino mwakusowa ndi molondola.
Zida
Gawoli likuwonetsa chitukuko cha zipangizo zamakina ndi makina, kuchokera ku galasi kupita ku silika, nsalu, chitsulo kapena chitsulo. Kukula kwa magetsi ndi nthunzi ndi mphepo yamakono yopanga mafakitale, zomwe zimayambitsa kuphulika kwa malonda ndi kusinthanitsa katundu pamalingo atsopano mu Industrial Revolution. Kukula kwa zipangizo zatsopano, monga pulasitiki ndi aluminiyumu, kumabweretsa njira zowonjezereka komanso zosankha zosapangidwira kwa opanga.
Ntchito yomanga
Wina aliyense amene akufuna chidwi ndi mbiri ya zomangamanga: phunzirani za momwe njira yomanga nyumba ndi zinyumba zina zasinthika zaka mazana angapo zapitazo.
Mafakitale amasintha zomangamanga kosatha ndi Industrial Revolution, osati kutsogolera mwamsanga kumangidwe, koma zipangizo zatsopano ndi zomangamangirira, zomangamanga.
Kulankhulana
M'chigawo chochititsa chidwi ichi, mbiri ya mauthenga, kuchokera ku telefoni kupita ku telegraph ndi wailesi, ikufotokozedwa. Ulendowu ukuyamba ndikuyang'anitsitsa chimodzi mwa makina osindikizira oyambirira, cha m'ma 1500.
Mphamvu
Kuchokera ku mpweya wambiri wa mpweya wotentha kupita ku nthunzi, magetsi, kapena nyukiliya, gawoli limapereka chiwonetsero chachikulu cha kusintha kwa magetsi ndi matekinoloje.
Mankhwala
Yang'anirani za chitukuko cha makina m'gawo lino, poyang'ana momwe makina anayamba kukhazikitsidwa kuti apange kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi mafakitale, asanayambe kulandiridwa pafupi ndi zochitika zonse za anthu kuchokera ku zaka za m'ma 1900, pamene makina opangidwa ndi mafakitale anaphulika.
Maulendo
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa magawo otchuka kwambiri ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, ndipo zimakhala zitsanzo za ndege zoyambirira zomwe zimaganizirapo, magalimoto a mphesa, mawilo, magalimoto oyendetsa sitimayi, ndi zinthu zina zomwe zikuwonetsa chitukuko cha njira zoyendetsera zaka mazana ambiri.
Zisonyezero Zanthawi Yathu
Zisonyezero zosakhalitsa ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zimayang'ana pa malo amodzi kapena nthawi ya mbiri ya chitukuko cha sayansi, kuwonetsa zinthu zina zomwe zimapezeka m'misamu yosungirako zosungiramo zinthu zakale kapena kubweretsa zinthu kuchokera ku zosungiramo zinyumba zina. Zithunzi zam'mbuyomu zaposachedwapa zinaphatikizapo kuyang'ana mbiri ya robotics ndi kuyambitsidwa kwa wailesi. Onani tsamba ili kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Ngati chonchi?
Makamaka ngati muli ndi ana, onetsetsani kuti mupite ku Cite des Sciences et de l'Industrie, yomwe ili m'zaka zakum'mawa chakum'maŵa kwa mzinda.