Ngati mantha a sharki amakulepheretsani kusangalala ndi nyanja, simuli nokha. Ndi mantha omwe adagawana ndi mamiliyoni - adalimbikitsidwa ndi chidwi cha 1975 ndi mawonekedwe a filimuyi, ndikupitilizidwa ndi mafilimu monga Open Water ndi The Shallows kuyambira nthawi imeneyo.
Komabe, ndi mantha omwe makamaka alibe maziko. Zochitika zokhudzana ndi Shark sizinali zachilendo - mu 2016, nyuzipepala ya International Shark Attack File ikuwonetsa kuti panali masoka 81 omwe sanatetezedwe padziko lonse, omwe anayi okha anali ophedwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti sharki si opha anthu osazindikira omwe nthawi zambiri amawonekera kukhala. Mmalo mwake, ndizo zamoyo zazikulu zamoyo zomwe zakhala ndi mphamvu zisanu ndi ziwiri zosiyana ndi zigoba zopangidwa ndi khungu. Nkhono zina zimatha kuyenda mozungulira nyanja, pamene ena amatha kubereka popanda kugonana.
Koposa zonse, nsomba zimakwaniritsa udindo wofunika kwambiri ngati nyama zowonongeka. Iwo ali ndi udindo woyendetsa bwino kayendedwe ka zamoyo zam'madzi - ndipo popanda iwo, miyala yam'mlengalenga idzakhala yosabereka. Ndicho chifukwa chake a sharki ayenera kulemekezedwa ndi kusungidwa, m'malo moopa.
01 ya 06
Ambiri Ambiri a Sharks Ndi Oopsa
Kwa anthu ambiri, mawu akuti "shark" amachititsa kuti anthu azisamalidwe kwambiri azungu azisakanikirana ndi mitsempha yawo yotsekedwa ndi mano opangidwa ndi magazi. Kunena zoona, pali mitundu yoposa 400 ya shark, yochokera kumtambo wa lantern shark (mtundu wochepa kwambiri kuposa dzanja la munthu), ku whale shark , chimphona cha m'nyanja chomwe chimatha kukula mamita / mamita 12 m'litali. Mitundu yambiri ya nsomba imaonedwa kuti ndi yopanda phindu. Ndipotu, ambiri ndi ang'ono kwambiri kuposa anthu ndipo mwachibadwa amapewa kucheza nawo.
Mitundu itatu ya nsomba zazikulu kwambiri za shark (whale shark, basking shark ndi megamouth shark) ndizomwe zimagwiritsira ntchito fyuluta, ndipo zimakhala ndi zakudya zambiri zopangidwa ndi plankton. Zamoyo zochepa zokha ndizo zokhudzana ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi nsomba, ndipo izi ndi zitatu okha zomwe zimaonedwa kuti n'zoopsa kwa anthu. Izi ndizoyera zoyera, shark ng'ombe ndi tiger shark. Zonse zitatuzi ndi zazikulu, zowonongeka komanso zimachitika padziko lonse m'madera omwe anthu ogwiritsa ntchito madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wokumana.
Komabe, m'mayiko ngati Fiji ndi South Africa, alendo amayenda mosamala ndi mitundu iyi tsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi zambiri popanda chitetezo cha khola.
02 a 06
Anthu Sali Okhawa Zakudya Zakudya
Shark akhala akuzungulira zaka 400 mpaka 450 miliyoni. Panthawi imeneyo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakhala ikusuntha kuti ikasaka nyama yodya nyama, ndipo palibe imodzi yokha yomwe imayenera kuti ichitikire kwa anthu ngati gwero la chakudya. A Shark amapewa kupha nyama zazikulu kuposa iwowo, chifukwa chiopsezo chachikulu ndi chachikulu. Kwa mitundu yambiri ya zinyama, izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu amachokera pa menyu. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti ngakhale nsomba zikuluzikulu monga azungu azungu ndi ng'ombe zamphongo samafunafuna anthu chakudya. M'malo mwake, amakondwera ndi nyama zamphongo, monga zisindikizo kapena nsomba.
Asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti kuukiridwa ndi vuto lodziwika. Oyera azungu, nsomba za tiger ndi sharks ng'ombe zonse zimasaka kuchokera pansi, ndipo zimatha kusokoneza chiboliboli cha munthu pamwamba pa chidindo kapena kamba (makamaka ngati munthuyo ali pawotchi). Asayansi ena amanyalanyaza mfundo imeneyi, akukangana kuti sharki ndi anzeru kwambiri kuti asokoneze anthu kuti atenge nyama. Ndipotu, nsomba zimakhala ndi malingaliro osangalatsa kwambiri, ndipo anthu samamva ngati zisindikizo.
M'malo mwake, zikutheka kuti kuzunzidwa kwakukulu kungokhala chifukwa cha chidwi. Sharks alibe manja - pamene akufuna kufufuza chinthu chosadziwika, amagwiritsa ntchito mano awo. Nthano iyi imatsimikiziridwa ndi kuti anthu ochepa okha omwe amavutika ndi nsomba za shark amadyedwa. M'malo mwake, anthu ambiri amamenyedwa kamodzi, asaki asanalowe chidwi ndi kusambira. Mwamwayi, kuvulala kumakhala koopsa kwambiri kuti wodwalayo amafa chifukwa cha kupwetekedwa ndi kutaya magazi asanalandire mankhwala oyenera.
03 a 06
Sharks Ndizovuta Kwambiri Zovuta Zanu
Nkhani yomwe inalembedwa ndi International Shark Attack File ikusonyeza kuti anthu ali ndi mwayi wokwana 3.7 miliyoni wakuphedwa ndi shark. Ulendo wanu wopita kumtunda nthawi zambiri amatha kufa chifukwa cha kumizidwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoopsa zokwana 290 zomwe zingawononge ngozi yowononga bwato. Nthawi yotsatira mukakwera molowera m'nyanja, ganizirani kuti nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi mwayi wopita njinga. Zinthu zosaoneka ngati zowopsa kuposa nsombazi zimaphatikizapo kokonati, makina ogulitsa ndi zipinda zamkati.
Inde, anthu ndi nyama zoopsa kwambiri. Kupha, pakati pa 1984 ndi 1987, anthu 6,339 adanenedwa kuti akulumidwa ndi munthu wina ku New York City. Poyerekeza, ku United States lonse, anthu okwana 45 okha anavulala (osaphedwa) ndi nsomba m'nyengo yomweyo. Kotero, ngati panopa mukukhala ku New York, muli ndi zoopsa zambiri kuchokera kwa okwera sitima zapamtunda kuposa momwe mumachitira m'madzi.
04 ya 06
Kuchepetsa Kuopsa kwa Nkhanza N'kosavuta
Ngati mudakali ndi mantha, ganizirani kuti pali njira zingapo zosavuta zomwe mungatenge kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha nsomba . Choyamba ndikutuluka m'madzi madzulo ndi madzulo, pomwe nthawi zambiri mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya shark imasaka. Yachiŵiri ndiyo kuchotsa miyala yonyezimira iliyonse, monga golide wamtengo wapatali wa siliva ndi golidi angakhoze kulakwitsa mosavuta chifukwa cha masikelo ofiira a nsomba yowonongeka. Palinso lingaliro lakuti mtundu wachikasu umakopa nsomba.
Zoona zenizeni, ndizosakayikitsa kuti chidwi cha shark chikhoza kuponyedwa ndi kusiyana kwa mthunzi wopepuka kumdima wakuda wa m'nyanja. Choncho, ngati mukufuna kukakhala nthawi yochuluka m'madzi, ndibwino kuti mupewe mitundu yofiirira pamene mukutola zipsepse kapena suti zotsamba - ndikuphimba khungu lakuda ndi magetsi, magolovesi kapena ma bokosi. Momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito nthawi yanu mumadzi ndizofunikira. Chifukwa chakuti nsomba zimasaka kuchokera pansipa, oyendetsa panyanja ndi osambira pansi amakhala pachiopsezo kuposa anthu ena osuta.
Asodzi amayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri, monga momwe nsomba zimakhalira mosavuta ndi kununkhira ndi kusuntha kwa nsomba zakufa. Nkhono za Shark zimatha kuthamanga m'madzi, ndipo zimakopeka ndi kuphulika pamwamba. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukuyenda ndi nsomba, kumapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lovuta ngati mutalowa ndi kutuluka madzi mumalangizidwa. Mosiyana ndi zikhulupiliro zambiri, palibe umboni wakuti asaki amakopeka ndi kununkhira kwa magazi kapena mkodzo wamunthu.
05 ya 06
A Sharki Amakhala ndi Zambiri Kuti Amaopa Anthu
Zikuoneka kuti nsomba 90 zapadziko lonse zafa m'nyanja zathu zaka 100 zapitazo. Izi ndi zotsatira zachindunji za ntchito za anthu, kuphatikizapo kusintha kwa nyengo, kuwonongeka kwa malo komanso chofunika kwambiri, kusowa nsomba. Chaka chilichonse anthu amapha nsomba pafupifupi 100 miliyoni - pafupifupi 11,417 ola lililonse. Zambiri mwazimenezi zimagulitsidwa misika kudutsa Asia, kumene supu ya shark fin isamamveka ngati chokoma komanso chizindikiro cha chuma.
Shark finning ndizochita zachiwawa kwambiri, ndipo sharki zambiri zimathedwa m'nyanja ndipo zimathamangidwanso m'nyanja kuti zidziwe. Chifukwa zopsereza zimakhala zosachepera 5 peresenti ya kulemera kwa thupi kwa shark, zimakhalanso zosokoneza kwambiri.
M'mayiko ena, monga South Africa ndi Australia, nsomba zimakonzedwa kuti zitheke kuti ziwonongeke. Kawirikawiri, njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito powombera otchedwa shark wakupha ndi osasankha, kupha mitundu yosafunika yopanda nsomba ndi nyama zina kuphatikizapo nyulu, ana a dolphin ndi akapolo. A Shark amachitiridwa nkhanza ndi zovuta.
Mwinanso zimadetsa nkhaŵa, mitundu yonse ya m'madzi yowopsya chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa kuwonongeka kwa madzi ndi kupha nsomba zamakono. Pamodzi, zifukwa ziwirizi zikuwonetseratu kuti muwone mapulasitiki ambiri kuposa nsomba m'nyanja pofika chaka cha 2050.
06 ya 06
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
M'malo moopa kuwonetseratu zachilengedwe zachilendo ku Hollywood, ganizirani nokha zowona za shark. Pali malo ambiri padziko lapansi omwe amapereka maulendo otetezeka ku malo awo okhala. Mungasankhe kusambira ndi nsomba zam'madzi ku Bahamas, kapena kupita ku khola limodzi ndi azungu ambiri ku South Africa kapena Mexico, kuona kuti iwowo ndiwo njira yokhayo yoyenera kuyamikira kukongola ndi chisomo cha wonyansa kwambiri wadziko lapansi.
Potsirizira pake, ngati mukuwopabe nsomba, kumbukirani kuti kupewa kupezeka n'kosavuta ngati kukhala kutali ndi nyanja. Komabe, zoposa kotala za nsomba za shark ndi ray zakhala zikuopsezedwa kuti zitha kutha - kwa iwo, palibe malo omwe akubisala.