Ulendo wa Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse Ndikukumbukira ku France

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Ulendo Watsopano wa Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse I Memorials ku France

Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse Zikumbukiro zimabalalika kudutsa kumpoto kwa France ndipo zimayendera bwino komanso zimayendera bwino. Choncho zimadabwitsa kudziŵa kuti malo atsopano ndi zikumbukiro zatsopano kuchokera ku Nkhondo Yadziko Yonse zidakalipobe ndipo zimamangidwa, pafupifupi zaka zana "nkhondo itatha nkhondo zonse." Mbiri ya Nkhondo Yadziko Yonse siinalembedwe mosatsimikizika ndipo ndizosakayikira ngati idzakhalapo. Pali zovuta zenizeni kuti mumvetse ndikugwirizana ndi nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse yomwe siidapite nthawi. Zimachokera kukumverera kuti sitiyenera kuiwala nkhondo yowopsya ngatiyi koma iyenso kwambiri chifukwa cha kafukufuku wam'deralo komanso wapadziko lonse.

Nkhondo zikuluzikulu za nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lapansi zinagonjetsedwa kuzungulira Ypres ku Belgium ndipo ulendo wa nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse nthawi zambiri imayambira kumeneko. Koma pali zambiri zoti muwone kum'mwera ku France kuzungulira midzi yokongola ya m'derali. Kutulukira kwa matupi 250 kuzungulira Fromelles kumatsogolera kumanda atsopano; pali chikumbutso chatsopano chomwe chimamangidwa kwa Wilfred Owen, wolemba ndakatulo amene adatenga 'Pity of War', ndipo munthu wina amene anakana kusiya ntchito yake yofufuza Nkhondo ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lapansi tsopano akuwonetsa zida za Mark IV m'khola ku Flesquière .

Malo

Malo oterewa a malo atatu atsopano a World War I amachokera ku Lille kumadzulo kwa Fromelles, kum'mwera kwa Flesquières ndi kum'mawa mpaka ku Ors. Mukhoza kuchita izi tsiku limodzi kuchokera ku Lille , Arras kapena Cambrai.

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Fromelles (Woods Phoa), Manda a New World War I

Fromelles ndi mudzi wawung'ono wamakilomita 18 kummwera chakumadzulo kwa Lille kuchokera ku N41 kupita ku Lens. Ali panjira yopita kumudzi, imani ku chikumbutso kwa anthu a ku Australia amene anafa ku nkhondo ya Fromelles. Gwiritsani ntchito fano lokongola la msilikali mmodzi atanyamula bwenzi losavulazidwa, akumbukira chiwerengero cha anthu a ku Australia omwe anaphedwa pano ndikupitiriza kupita kumanda atsopano am'manda ku Fromelles. Iyi ndi manda atsopano omangidwa ndi Commonwealth War Graves Commission m'zaka 50 ndipo ikuwonetsa nkhondo ya July 19, 1916. Mwala wamakona, wokonzedweratu ndi mizere yoyenera ya usilikali, ndi yowala komanso yoyera ndikulowera kukumbukira, njerwa yofiira ya unweathered. Pambuyo poona manda achikulire ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, mitengo ndi maluwa, Kumanda Amanda a Fromelles (Pheasant Wood) amabwera monga chodabwitsa.

Nkhondo ya Fromelles inali nkhondo yoyamba yoyamba ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse ku Western Front yokhudza asilikali a ku Australia ndipo inali tsoka, yomwe inapangidwa mwachisawawa kwa asilikali chifukwa chakuti izi zinali zogwirizana ndi nkhondo ya Somme. The 5th Australian Division inawonongeka kwakukulu: 5,533 anaphedwa, anavulala, atengedwa kundende kapena akusowa. Boma la 61 la British Division linasakaza 1,547. Atelleselles amakhulupirira kuti anthu 1,780 a ku Australia ndi asilikali 500 a ku Britain anamwalira.

Ngakhale matupi ambiri a nkhondo adayikidwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi zapitazo kumanda amtendere akufupi monga VC Corner ndi Rue Pétillon, kutulukira kwa matupi 250 m'manda ambiri ku Pheasant Wood mu September 2009 ndi katswiri wa katswiri, Oxford Archeology, idasintha kwambiri pofuna kufufuza zowonjezera zakufa kwa Nkhondo Yadziko Yonse. Zinangowonekera mwamsanga kuti manda atsopano adayenera kumangidwa.

Kuzindikiritsa matupiwa ndi ntchito yodalirika yowonongeka, kuphatikizapo DNA kuchokera kwa achibale akutali ndi kufufuza kwakukulu kugwira ntchito ndi mabungwe monga Imperial War Museum ku London.

Zotsalira za akufa zidakonzedwanso mwachindunji m'manda a Military Fromelles mu January ndi February 2010. Pa July 19th, 2010, manda a Manda anatsegulidwa mwakhama, ndikuwonetsa zaka 94 za nkhondoyi.

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Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse Imavumbulutsidwa Patapita zaka 90

Kuchokera ku Fromelles, kuyendetsa kummwera kwa makilomita 84 kumakutengerani pafupi ndi Arras ndi Cambrai kumudzi wawung'ono wa Flesquières, m'madera akumidzi.

Kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, Philippe Gorczuynski, mwiniwake wa hotelo wam'deralo, wolemba mbiri komanso wolemba mabuku, anafunafuna tangi yomwe mayi wina wachikulire anakumbukira kuti akukankhidwa ndi akaidi a ku Russia kuti aloŵe pamtunda waukulu pafupi ndi cakudya banja lake linathamanga. Pogwiritsa ntchito thandizo la akatswiri, pomalizira pake adapeza tank, Mark IV Deborah, mu 1998 ndipo adakumba.

Ichi chinali chiyambi chabe cha nkhaniyi pamene anayamba kufotokoza za miyoyo ya anthu omwe adafa mu thanki pa nkhondo yofunika ya Cambrai, November 20, 1917 yomwe idaphatikizapo matanki 475 a British. Anali kuyesedwa koyambirira kwa chida chatsopano ichi chomwe chiyenera kukhala ndi zotsatira zotere pa nkhondo zamakono.

Philippe Gorczuysnki adagula nkhokwe mumudzi ndipo adayika tangi kumeneko ndi nyumba yosungiramo nyumba yosungiramo zojambulajambula zing'onozing'ono. Debora anangoima m'khola, ali yekhayekha, anamenyedwa ndipo ena anawonongedwa. Chidwi chinasonkhana ndipo tsopano Deborah akuikidwa mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale pafupi ndi Commonwealth War Grave ku Flesquières.

Sitimayo imayima muzitsulo zonse zomwe zimamenyedwa mwamphamvu mu chipinda chapansi. Pakati pake pali nkhani za zomwe adazipeza komanso zomwe anakhalapo kale zomwe zimakhala zosakanikirana bwino - nkhani yokhumba mtima pa nkhondo komanso lero lofufuza za m'mene adapezera tank ndikufufuza moyo - ndi imfa - mwa anthu ake.

• Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imatsegulidwa mu March 2018.

Chidziwitso Chothandiza:

Cambrai Tank Museum

Flesquières

Kuti mudziwe zambiri onani Chitukuko Cambresis.

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Mphindi Yotsiriza ya Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse Yachimuna-Wachilemba, Wilfred Owen

Wilfred Owen, wolemba ndakatulo wa Chingerezi yemwe ndakatulo yonena za WWI inakhudza kwambiri panthawiyo ndipo idakalipo lero, imayikidwa m'manda a Ors, mudzi wawung'ono pafupi ndi Le Cateau-Cambresis. Ndilo makilomita 45 kummawa kwa Flesquières, kuyendetsa galimoto kudzera ku Cambrai.

Wolemba ndakatulo wa msirikali adagonera usiku wake womaliza ndi asilikali anzake kunja kwa mudziwu mumdima ndi pansi pa nyumba ya Forester's House. Mbali ya gulu la ankhondo, nyumba yaying'ono ya njerwa yofiira ikusinthidwa mwachindunji njira yopangira chithunzithunzi kwa ndakatulo. Zonsezi zinayambika ndi khama la a meya, omwe adafuna kudziwa za chiwerengero cha Chingerezi chomwe chinafika kumudzi kuti chidziwe zambiri pa ndakatuloyi, adalankhula ndi Wilfred Owen Society zaka zingapo zapitazo. Anakondwera kwambiri ndi nkhaniyi ndipo anagwidwa ndi mbiri ya Wilfred Owen ndi ndakatulo zake kuti anayamba kukonzekera chikumbutso. Miliyoni 1 miliyoni adawonjezeka ndipo chikumbutso chinatsegulidwa kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2011.

Mumudzi womwewo, pali chizindikiro pambali pa ngalande yomwe ndakatulo inawomberedwa, masiku asanu okha isanathe kumapeto kwa nkhondo. Chikopacho chinachitika pamene msewu umadutsa mlatho pamwamba pa madzi oyenda pang'onopang'ono. Komanso pa Wilfred Owen Library ali ndi gawo laling'ono la mabuku olemba ndakatulo ndi nkhondo. Kuchokera pano, ndikupita ku manda pang'ono - osati manda akuluakulu a manda, koma amtendere, ammudzi omwe ali ndi ngodya ya British akupereka kwa asilikali omwe adafa pano.

Chaka chilichonse, pa November 4, mudziwu uli ndi konsenti ya chikumbutso mu tchalitchi komanso kuwerenga masalmo ake. Amatchedwa Wilfred Owen Memorial .

Pezani Zambiri pa Owen Wachilengedwe kudzera mwa Wilfred Owen Society.

Pezani zambiri za dera: pa webusaiti iyi ya Nord Pas de Calais.