Chofunikira-Onani Kwa Anthu Okhudzidwa ndi Chikhalidwe cha Chiyuda
Sizangochitika mwangozi kuti Paris ndi imodzi mwa zolemera kwambiri padziko lonse zojambulajambula ndi zochitika zakale zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe ndi miyambo yachiyuda. Mzinda wa French uli ndi mbiri yakale ya Chiyuda yomwe ndi yozama komanso yaitali, ikuyenda zaka mazana ambiri mpaka zaka zapakatikati. Paris, ndi France ambiri, ndi nyumba imodzi mwa Ayuda akuluakulu a ku Ulaya, ndipo chikhalidwe cha chi France chakhala chikugwirizanitsidwa ndi miyambo yachiyuda, luso, ndi mizimu kwa zaka mazana ambiri.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri zokhudza mbiri ya Chiyuda ndi Chiyuda, onetsetsani kuti mupite nthawi yopita ku Musée d'art et d'histoire du Judaisme (Museum of Jewish Arts and History). Mzinda wa Marais uli pafupi kwambiri , nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imanyalanyazidwa ndi alendo, koma nyumba zimakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri zomwe zimayenera kukhala madzulo kapena m'mawa. Komanso ndi malo ofunikira pa ulendo wachiyuda wa Paris, womwe ungayambike kapena kukwera pamsika ndi chakudya cham'mawa ku Rue des Rosiers, mtima wa mbiri yakale ya Parisian pletzl (Yiddish kwa 'malo ochepa', kapena malo ena ). Falafel , Challah, ndi zochitika zina zapadera zimapangitsa anthu zikwizikwi kuderalo mlungu uliwonse kuti achite zokoma.
Malo ndi Mauthenga Othandizira
Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakaleyi ili m'dera lachitatu la Paris ku banki yolondola, pafupi ndi mzinda wa Georges Pompidou ndi malo omwe amadziwika kuti Beaubourg .
Adilesi: Hôtel de Saint-Aignan
71, rue du Temple
3 district arrondissement
Tel : (+33) 1 53 01 86 60
Metro: Rambuteau (Line 3, 11) kapena Hôtel de Ville (Line 1, 11)
Tiketi, Maola, ndi Kufikira
Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imatsegulidwa tsiku lililonse kuyambira Lolemba mpaka Lachisanu ndi Lamlungu, ndipo atsekedwa Loweruka ndi May 1 st . Maola otseguka amasiyana ndi zokolola zosatha komanso mawonetsero ochepa.
Maola Otsatira Osatha:
Lolemba mpaka Lachisanu , 11:00 am mpaka 6:00 pm
Lamlungu 10:00 mpaka 6 koloko madzulo
Ofesi ya tikiti imatseka pa 5:15 pm
Zisonyezero Zanthawi Yathu:
Tsegulani Lolemba, Lachiwiri, Lachinayi, Lachisanu : 11:00 am mpaka 6:00 pm
Ofesi ya tikiti imatseka pa 5:15 pm
Lachitatu : 11:00 am mpaka 9:00 pm
Sititi yatha yotulutsidwa pa 8:15 pm
Lamlungu : 10:00 am mpaka 7:00 pm
Ofesi ya tikiti imatseka 6:15 pm
Zomwe mungachite: Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ili ndi magalimoto othandiza anthu olumala m'madera onse osakhala ndi Library Library. Zokonzedwansozo zimapangidwanso kuti zithandize alendo omwe ali ndi vuto lokumva komanso kuwona komanso kuphunzira kulemala. Onani tsamba ili pa webusaiti yoyenera kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Msonkhano Wosatha ku Museum of Jewish Arts and History
Kusonkhanitsa kwamuyaya ku "MAHJ" kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri ndipo kumapitirira nthawi yochepa kwambiri kuyambira nthawi yapakatikati mpaka pano.
Ulendowu ukuyamba ndi chiyambi cha zinthu zachipembedzo zachiyuda, zojambulajambula, ndi malemba kuti apatse alendo ndi maziko abwino m'zinthu zina za Chiyuda ndi zikhalidwe za Chiyuda, makamaka ku Ulaya. Mpukutu wa Torah wochokera mu ufumu wa Ottoman wa m'ma 1600 ndi 17th century menorah ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kuwonetserako mawu.
Ayuda ku France ku Middle Ages
Chigawochi chikufufuzira mbiri ya Ayuda a Chifalansa omwe adakhalapo nthawi yapakatikati.
Kupyolera mwa zinayi zosawerengeka za artefacts, zimalongosola nkhani ya momwe Ayuda a ku Medieval a France adathandizira kwambiri miyambo ndi chitukuko chisanayambe kuzunzidwa koopsa ndipo potsirizira pake adachotsedwa ku France pansi pa Charles VI chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1400.
Ayuda a ku Italy kuyambira ku zaka za m'ma 1800 mpaka m'ma 1800
Pambuyo pa kuthamangitsidwa kwa Ayuda ku Crusade-era Spain mu 1492, nthawi ya chuma chatsopano ndi chikhalidwe chachisokonezo cha chikhalidwe chimaperekedwanso mwa zinthu zomwe zinayambira ku chiyambi cha ku Italy. Mipando yamasinagoge, zasiliva, nsalu zamatisi, ndi zinthu zochokera ku miyambo yaukwati ndi zina mwazimene zili mu gawo lino.
Amsterdam: Misonkhano Yachiwiri ya Diasporas
Amsterdam ndi Netherlands anali malo okhwima a moyo wa Chiyuda zaka mazana asanu ndi awiri isanakwane zaka 20, akusonkhanitsa mbadwa za m'mayiko a kum'mawa kwa Europe (Ashkenazi) ndi Spanish (Sephardic).
Chigawochi chikufufuza za Chiyuda, chikhalidwe, zojambula, ndi mafilosofi achiyuda. Ma diasporas ameneŵa amawonekera m'mafanizo a Chigiriki Achikatolika a 17 ndi 18th century. Kutsindika pa zikondwerero za pachaka za Purim ndi Hannukah zikuwonetsa momwe amasonkhanitsira pamodzi anthu achiyuda osiyana ndi miyambo yawo yosiyanasiyana. Pakalipano, lingaliro la anthu otchuka achifilosofi Achiyuda monga Spinoza akugwiridwa mu gawo lino.
Miyambo: Ashkenazi ndi Sephardic Worlds
Zotsatira ziwiri zikuluzikulu za chiwonetsero chosatha zimayang'ana kusiyana ndi zofanana pakati pa miyambo ndi miyambo yachiyuda ya Ashkenazi ndi Sephardic. Mitundu yambiri ya ethnographic ndi artefacts yokhudzana ndi miyambo yachipembedzo ndi miyambo ndi zina mwa mfundo zazikuluzikulu.
The Emancipation
Kusamukira m'nthaŵi ya Revolution ya France, yomwe Chidziwitso Cha Ufulu wa Munthu wokhala ndi Ayuda a ku France ali ndi ufulu wonse kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri yawo yakalekale, gawo lino likufufuza zomwe zimatchedwa "Age of Light" ndi chikhalidwe, nzeru, ndi zochitika zamakono za Ayuda ndi midzi pakati panthawiyi, kudutsa zaka za m'ma 1900 ndikumapeto kwa mayesero a anti-semitic a Alfred Dreyfus.
Kukhalapo kwa Chiyuda mu 20th Century Art
Gawoli likuwunikira ntchito ya "Sukulu ya Paris" yazaka za m'ma 20 zoyambirira, ojambula monga Soutine, Modigliani, ndi Lipchitz kuti aone m'mene Ayuda akujambula zithunzi zapamwamba zimakhalire ndi zochitika zamakono, ndipo kawirikawiri sizinthu zakuthupi, zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha Chiyuda.
Kukhala Myuda ku Paris mu 1939: Pa Holocaust Eva
Zosonkhanitsa tsopano zikuchitika zovuta kwambiri mu Chiyuda cha mbiri yakale: Chiwonetsero cha Nazi kuphedwa kwa Nazi, komwe kunachititsa kuti anthu pafupifupi 77,000 athamangitsidwe ndi kuphana, kuphatikizapo zikwi zikwi za ana. Anthu omwe anapulumuka adachotsedwa ufulu wawo ndipo ambiri adathawa ku France. Chigawo ichi sichitha kukumbukira miyoyo ya anthu ozunzidwawo, koma amaganizira ndikuyanjanitsa miyoyo ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya Ayuda a Parisiya chaka choyamba chisanachitike ntchito ya ku Germany ndi zoopsa zomwe zidzachitike.
Gawo la Zamakono Zamakono
Malo omalizira osonkhanitsa zamuyaya amasonyeza zitsanzo za ntchito zofunika kuchokera kwa Ayuda ojambula.
Zisonyezero Zanthawi Yathu
Kuwonjezera pa zosonkhanitsa zosatha, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imathandizanso kuti zisamalidwe zazing'ono zomwe zimaperekedwa ku nthawi zakale, zipembedzo kapena zojambulajambula, ndi akatswiri achiyuda kapena ena owerengeka. Onani tsamba ili kuti mudziwe zamakono zamakono.