Zoona Zokhudza Monosodium Glutamate: Kodi MSG Ndi Yotetezeka?
Anthu ambiri amanena kuti amadya pambuyo poti amadya chakudya chambiri cha Chinsina chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zokha: Chinese Restaurant Syndrome.
Kodi kutopa ndikumva kupwetekedwa mtima pambuyo pochita chizolowezi cha Chinese chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi MSG, kapena kungakhale kokha kudya chakudya chochuluka - kawirikawiri yokazinga mu mafuta olemera - mu malo amodzi?
Kodi Chinese Chinese Syndrome ndi chiyani?
Mawuwa anawonekera koyamba mu 1968 ku New England Journal of Medicine kuti afotokoze kumverera kwabwino komwe anthu amamva atadya zakudya zina za ku Asia.
Chakudya cha Chitchaina sichoncho chokha chomwe chimayambitsa.
Monosodium glutamate, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti MSG, imatchulidwa kuti ndi chifukwa cha Chinese Restaurant Syndrome ngakhale kuti maphunziro ambiri kwa zaka zambiri zalephera kulemba kuti "zachibadwa" za MSG zimayambitsa zotsatira zake.
Ngakhale kuti munthu aliyense akudziwa bwino lomwe pazinthu izi akuzindikira kuti zambiri zomwe timatcha "Chakudya cha China" pa buffets zotsika mtengo kumadzulo sizikufanana ndi chakudya cha Chinese , zonse zoyambirira ndi zachikhalidwe za America zimakhala ndi MSG.
Ambiri akumadzulo aleka kudya chakudya cha China chifukwa cha momwe amamvera pambuyo pake. Inde, nthawi zambiri mumakhala chakudya chambiri cha ku China, koma mungadabwe kupeza kuti MSG yawonjezeredwa ku zakudya zambiri zomwe zasinthidwa nthawi zambiri kumadzulo.
Zizindikiro za matenda a Chinese Chinese Syndrome
Nthawi zina anthu amafotokoza zizindikiro zotsatirazi atapanga maulendo ambiri kupita ku buffet ya ku China:
- Lethargy (kutopa)
- Mutu (mutu wathunthu)
- Kukwapula
- Ludzu kwambiri
- Kupweteka pachifuwa ndi kumangirika
- Chithunzi chophweka
Kodi Chinese Chinese Syndrome Real?
Ngakhale ambiri akunena za chala pa MSG, omwe amalimbikitsa zakudya zowonjezera chakudya cha MSG kuti chidziwitso cha anthu osagwirizana ndi chifukwa chakuti anthu amadya kwambiri m'ma buffets achi Chinese, nthawi zambiri kusakaniza zakudya zosavuta komanso zovuta kudya zokazinga mu mafuta olemera.
Zoonadi, chomwe chimatchedwa Chinese Restaurant Syndrome chikhoza kuyambitsidwa chifukwa chodya mchere wochuluka (MSG ndi mchere) pamene mukudya zakudya zolemetsa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika mtengo.
Anthu omwe amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi vuto lililonse kwa MSG samangokhalira kudandaula mutu wina akamadya chakudya chamasana kapena zakudya zotchuka zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi MSG. Omwe amamvetsa kuti ali ndi MSG samakhala ndi mavuto pamene akudya zina zamtundu wa glutamates. Glutamate mwachibadwa amapezeka m'maselo amoyo ndipo amathandizira kukoma kwa mazira, tomato, komanso ngakhale tchizi chakuthwa.
Mpaka kudera kwa Western ndikusavomerezeka kwa MSG kuwonjezeka, makampani ambiri akudyera a ku America anawonjezera mwamseri MSG ku chirichonse kuchokera ku supu kupita ku saladi. Tsopano ogulawo amamvetsera kwambiri malemba, MSG imagwiritsidwanso ntchito koma nthawi zambiri imabisika m'mabuku osiyanasiyana monga "chotsitsa cha yisiti" komanso "mapuloteni a hydrolyzed."
Kufufuza ku Australia kwa anthu odzipereka 71 omwe anatsimikiza kuti anali omvera kwa MSG anapatsidwa makina enieni a MSG ndi placebos. Ophunzira omwe ali ndi MSG sanganene kuti palibe mavuto, pamene iwo omwe anapatsidwa mapiritsi a placebo anafotokoza ma syndromes omwewo omwe anamva atatha kudya chakudya cha China.
MSG yasonyezedwa kuti yowonjezera chilakolako pakupanga zakudya zokoma kwambiri zokondweretsa komanso zomwe zimakhudza chilakolako cha thupi lachilengedwe-kuchotsa, kotero zizindikiro za Chinese Restaurant Syndrome zikhoza kungokhala chifukwa cha kudya zakudya zolemetsa!
Simukuzindikira kuti mukudya mopitirira muyeso mpaka mutachoka mudyera.
Kodi MSG ndi chiyani?
Glutamate ndi amino acid omwe amapezeka mwachibadwa mu zakudya zonse, kuchokera ku zamasamba ndi nyama mpaka mkaka wa m'mawere. Monosodium glutamate ndi mchere wa sodium wochokera ku fermenting glutamic acid. Msuzi wa sushi (nori), tchizi wa Parmesan, bowa, komanso tomato onse amatenga mbali ya zokonda zawo zapadera kuchokera kumtunda wautali wa glutamate.
MSG nthawi zambiri imasokonezeka ngati kusungira, komabe, ndi mchere wokhala ndi zowonongeka kale. Ngakhale kuti glutamate si yopangidwa ndi labotale ndipo imapezeka m'zinthu zonse, chiwerengero chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya chokwanira mu MSG sichibadwa. MSG ndizopangidwira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zakudya zina zikhale zabwino poyamba, zinawonjezeranso zakudya zomwezo.
Othandiza a MSG amanena kuti thupi silingakhoze kusiyanitsa pakati pa monosodium glutamate ndi glutamate mwachibadwa. Ena amakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chilengedwe ichi "chamwambo" kumachita matupi athu.
Mwina molakwika, monosodium glutamate nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chakudya cha Chitchaina. Koma MSG inapezekanso ndi pulofesa wina waku Japan ku yunivesite ya Tokyo mu 1907. Iye anatcha kukoma kokoma kuti MSG inapanga umami . Mu 2002, asayansi adapeza kuti tilidi ndi malingaliro oyenera pa lilime lathu kuti timvetse bwino zomwe glutamate zimapanga ndipo mwadzidzidzi anawonjezera umami (savory) monga chisanu chachisanu chotsatira ndi zokoma, zamchere, zakuda, ndi zowawa.
Masiku ano, MSG imaphatikizidwa ku chakudya ndi zakudya zopanda chakudya ku Japan, China, Korea, India, ndi Southeast Asia . MSG sikuti imangowonjezera chakudya kuchokera ku minimarti 7 ya Eleven ambiri ; malo odyera abwino nthawi zonse amadalira pa izo. Ngakhale magulu ambiri otchuka a kumadzulo akugwiritsa ntchito kukoma kwakumadya mu zakudya, sauces, ndi zakudya zothandizidwa.
Kodi MSG Ndibwino?
Mtsutso wokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha MSG wakhala ukuwombera kwa zaka makumi ambiri, ndikuupanga kukhala umodzi wa zoonjezera zomwe zaphunzitsidwa m'mbiri. Ngakhale kuti pafupifupi 60 peresenti ya chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse ku Asia mwachangu amawononga MSG tsiku ndi tsiku , zilembozo zakhala zonyansa katatu m'mawu kumadzulo. Ngakhale anthu akumadzulo ali okonzeka kulipira zambiri za zakudya zomwe zimadzinenera kuti ndi MSG kwaulere, Asiya amagula mankhwala a powdery mu matumba asanu ndipo amawawaza muzakudya zambiri.
Kufufuza kwakukulu pa zotsatira za MSG kwachitika kuyambira 1959, ndipo potsogoleredwa ku FDA, European Union, United Nations, ndi World Health Organization onse akulemba MSG ngati chakudya choyenera. Phunziro lina la European Union linalengeza kuti MSG inatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi yotetezeka kwa ana onse ndi amayi omwe ali ndi pakati.
Monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri, maphunziro ambiri omwe amaphunzitsidwa ankawathandizidwa - kaya mwachindunji kapena mwachinyengo - ndi mabungwe akuluakulu a zakudya omwe amagwiritsira ntchito MSG monga njira yotsika mtengo kuti apeze kukoma kwa ochita mpikisano.
Mu 2008, ochita kafukufuku a ku China ndi ku America adagwirizanitsa MSG ndi kunenepa kwambiri, komabe phunziro la China mu 2010 linapangitsa kuti apeze. Pambuyo pake ankanena kuti zokopa zowonjezera m'mayesero akudyetsa anthu kudya, ndipo ludzu limene MSG limayambitsa nthawi zambiri limatenthedwa ndi mowa kapena zakumwa zotsekemera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phindu likhale lolemera. Pambuyo pake, MSG ndi mchere.
Kumbali ina yazitsutsano, Japan - yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito makampani ambiri a MSG - ali ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wautali kwambiri padziko lapansi komanso maiko olemera kwambiri padziko lapansi!
Ngakhale sodium chloride (mchere wamchere) sikuti nthawi zonse amasungidwa mwachibadwa, imakhalabe yolandiridwa. Mchere umathandizanso kwambiri kuti magazi aziwopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha matenda a mtima. MSG imakhala ndi sodium yochepa kwambiri kuposa mchere wa tebulo, ndipo MSG yochepa ndi yofunika kuposa mchere ku nyengo yopatsa chakudya pamene akuphika.
Kupewa MSG ku Asia
Pamene ndinapempha wogulitsa wina wa mankhwala ku Chiang Mai, Thailand , chifukwa chake anagwiritsira ntchito MSG chakudya chake, iye anayankha mokha, "chifukwa ndiyenera." Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ndi mpikisano wake wonse pogwiritsira ntchito MSG kuti apititse patsogolo zakudya zokoma, anakakamizika kuchita chimodzimodzi kuti apikisane. MSG ikutembenukira ku zakudya zambiri za mumsewu ku Asia , koma mukhoza kuyesa wophika kuti asawonjezere.
Zigawo zina zapakhomo ndi eni ake ogulitsa malo ogwira ntchito zakhala zikutsatila mchitidwe wotsutsana ndi MSG kumadzulo ndipo tsopano lengezani "Palibe MSG" ndi zizindikiro zokopa alendo oyenda bwino . Izi zikhoza kapena sizikutanthauza kuti chakudya chawo chilibe MSG. Ngakhale ngati sakufuna kuwonjezera pa MSG mbale, zowonjezera zambiri ndi zosakaniza (mwachitsanzo, msuzi wa soya, msuzi wa oyster, ndi tofu) omwe amagwiritsa ntchito pokonzekera chakudya ali kale ndi mankhwalawa.
MSG nthawi zambiri amalowetsa mchere mu chakudya chaku Asia. Ngakhale ochereza mchere pa matelo odyera, ndipo ambiri ndithudi msuzi wa soya, ali ndi MSG. Onani: 10 Omwe amafunsapo mafunso ambiri pazomwe akudya ku Asia .
Ngakhale kuti MSG nthawi zina imakhala ndi mlandu wokhudza kutsekula m'mimba kwa anthu ambiri , ma TD amayamba chifukwa chosowa chakudya komanso mabakiteriya.
MSG ku Western Food
Musaganize kwachiwiri kuti MSG imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chakudya chaku Asia. Ambiri akumadzulo amadya chakudya, zakudya zamzitini, sauces, zakudya zokondweretsa, ndi msuzi ali ndi MSG monga kukoma kokoma. Ngati mudadya msuzi wa Campbell, mudya MSG.
Mu European Union, Australia, ndi New Zealand, monosodium glutamate imasonyeza malemba a zakudya monga "E621." Mawu akuti "MSG" saloledwa pamakalata a zakudya ku US; Ogwiritsira ntchito zakudya ayenera kunena kuti zowonjezereka monga "monosodium glutamate" ndi kuzilemba ngati chowonjezera chophatikizapo osati kuphatikizapo mkati mwa "seasonings ndi zonunkhira."
Anthu omwe amakhulupiriradi kuti ali ndi matendawa kwa MSG amatha kukhala okhudzidwa ndi asidi a glutamic ndi salt zake. Glutamic acid ikhoza kukhalapo mu zakudya zomwe zili ndi:
- hydrolyzed masamba mapuloteni
- yisiti yopangidwa ndi autolyzed
- yisiti ya hydrolyzed
- chotsitsa cha yisiti
- Kutulutsa soya
- mapuloteni okhaokha
- puloteni ya hydrolyzed.
Mapuloteni odzozedwa ndi madzi ndi mapuloteni omwe athyoledwa mankhwala m'magulu awo amino omwe amatha kukhala ndi glutamate. Glutamate amatha kugwirizana ndi sodium yomwe ilipo kale kuti ipange MSG mu zakudya; pamene izi zikuchitika, zakudya sizikufunikira ndi lamulo kuti zilembedwe ngati zili ndi MSG.
Mwachidziwitso, opanga chakudya akhoza kuwonjezera chirichonse mwazomwe zili pamwambazi kuti alole MSG kupanga mwachibadwa popanda kufunika kuti ayilembedwe ngati chowonjezera chowonjezera! Ngakhale "malingaliro" omwe amawunikira ogula malingaliro a thanzi nthawi zonse amagwiritsa ntchito anzanu a MSG.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti MSG idya yokha idakondweretsa pamene palibe chakudya chokweza!