Mabwinja a Great Zimbabwe (nthawi zina amatchedwa Great Zimbabwe ) ndi mabwinja amtengo wapatali kwambiri ndi akuluakulu a ku Africa. Malo opangidwa ndi malo olemekezeka a dziko lonse mu 1986, nsanja zazikulu ndi zomangamanga zinamangidwa ndi miyanda yambiri yamtengo wapatali kwambiri pamwamba pa mzake popanda kuthandizidwa ndi matope. Great Zimbabwe inapatsa dzina la Zimbabwe lero ndi chizindikiro chake cha dziko - mphungu yokongoletsedwa mwachitsulo kuchokera mu mwala wa sopo umene unapezeka m'mabwinja.
Great Zimbabwe
Bungwe lalikulu la Zimbabwe likukhulupiliridwa kuti lasintha kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 11. A Swahili, Apolishi ndi Aarabu omwe anali kuyenda pamtunda wa ku Mozambique anayamba kuyamba kugula mapaipi, nsalu ndi galasi ndi anthu a Great Zimbabwe pobwezera golidi ndi minyanga ya njovu. Pamene dziko la Great Zimbabwe linakula, anamanga ufumu womwe unali ndi nyumba zazikulu zamwala zomwe pamapeto pake zikamayenda pamtunda wa makilomita 500. Zikuganiziridwa kuti anthu pafupifupi 18,000 ankakhala kuno panthawi ya utsogoleri wawo.
Great Zimbabwe
Pofika m'zaka za zana la 15, Great Zimbabwe inali kuchepa chifukwa cha anthu ochulukirapo, matenda ndi kusagwirizana. Panthawi imene a Chipwitikizi atafika kukafunafuna mizinda yonyenga yokhala ndi golidi, Great Zimbabwe inali itagwa kale.
Mbiri Yakale ya Great Zimbabwe
Pa nthawi ya ukapolo pamene ukulu woyera ukudziwika, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti Great Zimbabwe sakanatha kumangidwa ndi anthu akuda.
Zolingaliro zinkawombedwa pozungulira, ena amakhulupirira kuti Great Zimbabwe anamangidwa ndi Afoinike kapena Arabi. Ena amakhulupirira kuti azungu-azungu ayenera kuti anamanga nyumbazo. Mpaka chaka cha 1929, Gertrude Caton-Thompson, wolemba mbiri yakale, adatsimikizira kuti Great Zimbabwe inamangidwa ndi anthu akuda.
Masiku ano, mafuko osiyanasiyana m'derali amati Great Zimbabwe anamangidwa ndi makolo awo.
Archaeologists ambiri amavomereza kuti lemba la Lemba liri ndi udindo waukulu. Anthu amtundu wa Chikhristu amakhulupirira okha kuti ali ndi cholowa cha Chiyuda.
Chifukwa chiyani Rhodesia inatchulidwanso Zimbabwe
Ngakhale zili choncho, ulamuliro wa chikoloni kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 udakaniratu kuti anthu akuda a ku Africa ndi omwe anali opanga mzindawu. Ndichifukwa chake Great Zimbabwe inakhala chizindikiro chofunikira, makamaka kwa iwo omwe amatsutsana ndi ulamuliro wa chikoloni m'ma 1960 kudutsa ufulu wodzilamulira mu 1980. Great Zimbabwe inafotokoza zomwe anthu akuda a ku Africa amatha ngakhale kuti azimayi oyera akutsutsa panthawiyo. Pamene mphamvu idasinthidwa kwa anthu ambiri, Rhodesia inatchedwa Zimbabwe.
Dzina lakuti "Zimbabwe" liyenera kuti linachokera ku chinenero cha Chingerezi; dzimba za mabwe zikutanthauza "nyumba yamwala".
Dziko Lalikulu la Zimbabwe Limawononga Masiku Ano
Kukaona mabwinja a Great Zimbabwe kunali chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa ulendo wanga wopita kudzikoli, ndipo sayenera kuphonya. Maluso omwe miyalayi inayikidwa ndi chidwi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa matope. Chipinda chachikulu ndi chinachake, ndi makoma oposa mamita makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Mukufunikira tsiku lonse kuti mufufuze malo atatu omwe ali ofunika, Hill Complex (yomwe imaperekanso malingaliro abwino), Great Enclosure ndi Museum.
Nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale imakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapezeka pakati pa mabwinja kuphatikizapo mchere wochokera ku China.
Kukaona Mabwinja a Great Zimbabwe
Masvingo ndi tauni yapafupi kwambiri ku Mabwinja, pafupifupi makilomita 30 kutali. Pali malo ogona angapo ndi nyumba yosungirako ku Masvingo. Pali hotelo ndi malo omisasa m'mabwinja omwe.
Kuti mupite ku Masvingo, mwina gwiritsani galimoto kapena kukoka basi yayitali. Zimatenga maola asanu kuchokera ku Harare ndi maola atatu kuchokera ku Bulawayo. Mabasi akuluakulu pakati pa Harare ndi Johannesburg amayima pafupi ndi mabwinjawo. Pali sitima yapamtunda ku Masvingo, koma sitimayi ku Zimbabwe zimayenda mofulumira komanso pang'onopang'ono.
Chifukwa cha mbiri ya ndale (April, 2008) onetsetsani kuti muli otetezeka musanayende ku mabwinja a Great Zimbabwe.
Ulendo wopita ku Great Zimbabwe
Kunena zoona, sindiri wotchuka kwambiri wa mabwinja a miyala, ndikuganiza kuti ndilibe malingaliro oti ndiwone chomwe chinalipo kale.
Koma Zimbabwe yayikulu imakhala ndi malingaliro onena za izo, mabwinja ali abwino ndipo ndizochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Tengani maulendo otsogolera mukakhala komweko, izo zimapangitsa chirichonse kukhala chokondweretsa kwambiri. Kapena, temphani monga gawo la ulendo:
- Mfundo Zazikulu za Zimbabwe
- South Africa- Malo Oyera Oyera a Zimbabwe
- Go2Africa Ulendo Wozungulira
- & Beyond Ulendo Wautali
Zambiri Zomwe Mungafune Kuchita:
- Mystery of Great Zimbabwe - PBS.org/NOVA
- Mabwinja a Great Zimbabwe - H2G2 (BBC)
- Great Zimbabwe Video - Kuyambira YouTube
- Great Zimbabwe National Monument - Wikipedia