Czars anali mafumu a Russia; iwo analamulira kwa zaka zambiri mpaka 1917 Russian Revolution. Amuna ndi akaziwa adadziwika pa dera lawo ndi kusintha ndi kugonjetsa, kumanga zipilala zamakono zomwe zikuyimira lero, ndipo ndi zokondweretsa zokambirana. Zolemba zawo zimapereka chidziwitso chokumvetsetsa Russia masiku ano.
Mawu akuti "mfumu" amachokera ku liwu lachilatini "Kaisara," kutanthauza mfumu.
Ngakhale chinenero cha Chirasha chiri ndi mawu kwa mfumu (korol), mutu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mafumu a Kumadzulo. Choncho, "mfumu" ali ndi zizindikiro zosiyana kwambiri ndi "mfumu."
Ivan Woopsa
Ivan The Terrible anali wolemekezeka wapakatikati ndipo anali wotsutsa adani a Tatata, omwe anagonjetsa Ulaya kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Ngakhale kuti ena adagwiritsa ntchito dzina la mfumu pamaso pa Ivan the Terrible, iye ndiye woyamba kukhala "Mfumu ya Russia Yonse." Anayamba kulamulira kuchokera mu 1533 mpaka 1584. Zowopsya kwambiri kuposa zoopsa, mfumuyi ndi nthano zomwe zimanena za ulamuliro wake ndi zoopsa.
Alendo ku Russia akuwona umboni wa ulamuliro wa Ivan wa Terrible ku Red Square ndi mkati mwa makoma a Kremlin. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za Russia, Cathedral ya St. Basil , inamangidwa ndi Ivan the Terrible kuti azikumbukira kukumbidwa kwake kwa Kazan ndi Astrakhan, mayiko awiri a Chitata. M'kati mwa makoma a Kremlin, Cathedral ya Annunciation imanyamula Ivan the Terrible: Tchalitchi ichi chinali ndi khonde lapadera lomwe linawonjezeredwa makamaka kwa mfumu pamene adaletsedwa kulowetsa atakwatira mkazi wake wachinayi.
Boris Mulunguunov
Boris Godunov amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa zikuluzikulu zazikulu za ku Russia. Iye sanali wolemekezeka mwa kubadwa, ndipo kotero kuwuka kwake mu mphamvu ndi mphamvu kunasonyeza makhalidwe ake a utsogoleri ndi chilakolako. Mulungu analamulira monga regent pambuyo pa imfa ya Ivan the Terrible kuyambira 1587 mpaka 1598 ndipo kenako anasankhidwa mfumu pambuyo pakupita kwa mwana wa Ivan ndi wolandira; analamulira kuchokera mu 1598 mpaka 1605.
Cholowa chenicheni cha ulamuliro wa Godunov chikuwonekera ku Ivan Great Bell Tower . Iye adalamula kuti msinkhu wake uwonjezeke komanso kuti palibe nyumba ina ku Moscow kuti ikhale yoposa. Godunov ndi wosafa mu sewero la Alexander Pushkin ndi opera ndi Modest Mussorgsky.
Peter Wamkulu
Cholinga cha Peter Wamkulu ndi kusintha kwake kunasintha mbiri yakale ya Russia. Mfumu iyi ya ku Russia, yemwe anali wolamulira wa Russia kuyambira 1696 mpaka 1725, inakhala ntchito yake yatsopano ndi zakumadzulo za Russia. Anamanga St. Petersburg kuchoka m'mphepete mwa nyanjayi, adayambitsa ndondomeko ya antchito a boma, anasintha kalendala ya Russia, anakhazikitsa nyanja ya Russia ndipo anawonjezera malire a Russia.
Ufumu wa Russia ulibenso, koma Peter Wamkulu akukhalabe. Ngati sizinali za Pyotr Velikiy, monga iye amadziwika mu Chirasha, mzinda waukulu wa St. Petersburg sukanakhalapo. "Windo la Kumadzulo kwa Russia" linasankhidwa kukhala likulu la Peter Wamkulu, ndipo chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe chawo chinakula kumeneko, monga momwe zinaliri ndi likulu la dziko la Russia ku Moscow.
Alendo ku St. Petersburg amatha kuona chimodzi mwa zinthu zambiri zomwe Peter analenga, Peterhof . Kukongola kwa okonda nyumba yachifumuyi kulikonse ku Western Europe. Zimakopa gulu la alendo m'nyengo yachilimwe yomwe imadabwa ndi akasupe ake a golidi komanso malo odyera amtundu wapamwamba omwe amakhala olemera.
Catherine Wamkulu
Catherine Wamkulu ndi mmodzi mwa olamulira otchuka a ku Russia, koma iye sanali Chirasha nkomwe. Atabadwira ku Prussia, Catherine anakwatiwa ndi mafumu a ku Russia ndipo anakonza zoti apasule mwamuna wake n'kuyamba kulamulira ufumu wa Russia. Panthawi ya ulamuliro wake kuyambira mu 1762 mpaka 1796, adaonjezera ufumuwo ndikufuna kupititsa patsogolo dziko la Russia kotero kuti idzazindikiridwa ngati mphamvu yaikulu ya ku Ulaya.
Catherine adatsogolera moyo waumwini wokondweretsa, ndipo mbiri yake yokhala ndi okonda ndizosautsa. Anthu okondedwa ake osankhidwa nthawi zina ankakhala ngati aphungu ake, nthawi zina monga playthings. Iwo adalipidwa mowolowa manja chifukwa cha mayanjano awo ndi iye ndipo anakhala odziwika mwa iwo eni.
Chimodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri za Catherine ku malo a Petersburgian ndi chifaniziro cha Bronze Horseman . Zimalongosola Peter Wamkulu pa akavalo ndipo adakhala ndi tanthauzo latsopano ndi ndakatulo ya Alexander Pushkin ya dzina lomwelo.
Nicholas II
Nicholas II anali mfumu yotsiriza ya Russia ndi mfumu. Mutu wa banja la Romanov, adakhala mfumu mu 1894 ndipo adagonjetsa mpandowachifumu mu March 1917 potsutsidwa ndi a Bolshevik, omwe adagonjetsa boma mu 1917. Iye ndi banja lake - mkazi wake, ana ake aakazi anayi ndi mwana wake wamwamuna ndi wolowa nyumba - adatengedwa kupita ku Yekaterinburg, kumene anaphedwa mu July 1918.
Nicholas II ankadziwika kuti ndi wolamulira wofooka komanso wina yemwe anakwera mwamphamvu pampando wachifumu. Kufalikira ndi kuchuluka kwa chisokonezo pakati pa anthu ake asanamangidwe kunamupangitsa kuti asamamukondere. Mkazi wake, Alexandra, mfumukazi ya ku Germany komanso mdzukulu wa Mfumukazi ya Britain ya Britain, nayenso sanakondwere; iye adanyoza kwambiri ku Russia ndipo ankamunamizira kuti anali spy ku Germany. Pamene Rasputin, yemwe anali wamatsenga, anadzipereka yekha ku Nicholas ndi moyo wa Alexandra, banja lachifumulo linatsutsidwa.
Kuphedwa kwa Nicholas II ndi banja lake kunasonyeza kutha kwa ufumu wa Russia. Mogwirizana ndi Revolution ya Bolshevik, izo zinayambitsa nyengo yatsopano ku Russia, mayiko oyandikana ndi dziko lapansi.