Mpingo Womangidwa M'zaka za m'ma 1600 Umboni wa Mboni ku Philippines
Ku Philippines , Tchalitchi cha San Agustin ku Intramuros, Manila ndi wopulumuka. Mpingo wamakono pa webusaitiyi ndi nyumba yaikulu ya miyala ya Baroque, yomaliza mu 1606 ndipo adayimilirabe ngakhale zivomezi, nkhondo, ndi mphepo zamkuntho. Ngakhale nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse - yomwe inagwedeza zonse za Intramuros - zikanatha kugwedeza San Agustin.
Alendo ku tchalitchi lero amatha kuzindikira zomwe nkhondoyo inalephera kuthetsa: Mapiri a Pachifumu Akuluakulu, malo osungirako ziphuphu, ndi nyumba ya amonke - kuyambira pokhala yosungiramo zinthu zakale zojambula ndi zipangizo zamatchalitchi.
- Yendani Mipanda: Werengani ulendo wathu woyenda wa Intramuros .
Mbiri ya Tchalitchi cha San Agustin
Pamene dongosolo la Augustinian linafika ku Intramuros, iwo anali amishonale oyamba ku Philippines. Apainiyawa anadzikhazikitsa ku Manila kudzera m'tchalitchi chaching'ono chopangidwa ndi nswala ndi nsungwi. Izi zinasindikizidwa ndi Tchalitchi ndi Monastery ya Saint Paul mu 1571, koma nyumbayi siidathe nthawi yaitali - idakwera ndi moto (pamodzi ndi mzinda wambiri womwe unali pafupi) pamene pirate ya China Limahong adafuna kugonjetsa Manila mu 1574. Pachiwiri tchalitchi - chopangidwa ndi matabwa - chinachitidwa chimodzimodzi.
Pa kuyesa kwachitatu, a Augustinians ali ndi mwayi: mawonekedwe a mwala omwe anamaliza mu 1606 apulumuka kufikira lero.
Kwa zaka 400 zapitazo, tchalitchi chakhala chikuwonetsa mbiri ya Manila. Woyambitsa Manila, wogonjetsa Chisipanishi Miguel Lopez de Legaspi, waikidwa pa malo awa. (Mafupa ake adagwedezeka ndi ziwonetsero zina pambuyo poti anthu a ku Britain anagonjetsa mpingo chifukwa cha chuma chake mu 1762.)
Pamene a ku Spain adapereka kwa Amerika mu 1898, adakambirana za kudzipatulira ndi Kazembe wamkulu wa ku Spain Fermin Jaudenes muzovala za Tchalitchi cha San Agustin.
Tchalitchi cha San Agustin panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse
Pamene Achimerika anabwezeretsa Manila kuchokera ku Japan mu 1945, magulu ankhondo omwe anathawa a Imperial anachita zoopsa pompano, kupha atsogoleri achipembedzo osamenyana ndi olambira mkati mwa San Agustin Church crypt.
Nyumba ya amishonale ya tchalitchi sinapulumutse nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse - inatenthedwa, ndipo kenako adakonzedwanso. Mu 1973, nyumba ya amonke idakonzedweratu kukhala yosungiramo zinthu zakale zachipembedzo, zojambulajambula ndi chuma.
Pamodzi ndi mipingo yambiri ya Baroque ku Philippines, mpingo wa San Agustin unatchulidwa kuti ndi UNESCO World Heritage Site mu 1994. Pazaka zingapo zotsatira, tchalitchichi chidzayesa kukonzanso zinthu zambiri, zomwe zinalembedwa ndi boma la Spain. (gwero)
- Kuthamangitsidwa kwa Cholowa: Werengani za Southeast Asia za UNESCO World Heritage Sites .
Makhalidwe a tchalitchi cha San Agustin
Mipingo yokhazikitsidwa ndi Augustinians ku Mexico inali chitsanzo cha Tchalitchi cha San Agustin ku Manila, ngakhale kuti nyengo idakonzedweratu komanso momwe nyumbayo inakhalira ku Philippines.
Kugonjetsedwa kunachititsa kuti chikhalidwe cha Baroque chikhale chophweka kwambiri, ngakhale kuti tchalitchi sichinazidziwe bwinobwino: Agalu a ku China "fu" amaima pabwalo, akugwedeza ndi chikhalidwe cha chi China ku Philippines, ndi kupitirira iwo , mzere wojambula bwino wa zitseko zamatabwa.
Mu tchalitchi, denga lokongola kwambiri limagwira diso. Ntchito ya akalonga a ku Italy okongoletsera zokongoletsera Alberoni ndi Dibella, imathandiza kuti pulasitala ikhale yopanda moyo: mapangidwe a geometric ndi ziphunzitso zachipembedzo zikuphulika padenga, zomwe zimapanga katatu ndi utoto ndi malingaliro okha.
Kumapeto kwa tchalitchi, retablo yokongola (reredo) imatenga malo oyamba. Paguwa imakongoletsedwanso ndi chinanazi ndi maluwa, choyambirira cha Baroque.
- Pempherani Kuwuzani: Onani mndandanda wa mipingo ya ku Philippines .
Nyumba ya Museum ya San Agustin
Nyumba zakale za tchalitchichi tsopano zimakhala ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale: chojambula cha zojambula zachipembedzo, zojambula ndi zipembedzo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mbiri yonse ya tchalitchi, zidutswa zakale kwambiri zomwe zinakhazikitsidwa kuyambira kukhazikitsidwa kwa Intramuros palokha.
Chidutswa chokhacho chokhachochoka pa nsanja ya bell chimene chinawonongeka ndi chivomerezi chimadikirira pakhomo: belu la tani 3 lolembedwa ndi mawu akuti "Dzina Lokoma Kwambiri la Yesu". Nyumba yolandirira ( Sala Recibidor ) tsopano ili ndi ziboliboli za minyanga ya njovu ndi zinthu zonse zapadera za tchalitchi.
Pamene mukuyendera maholo enawo, mudzadutsa mafuta ojambula a oyera a Augustinian komanso magalimoto akale ( carrozas ) omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popita kuzipembedzo.
Kulowa mu Vestry yakale ( Sala de la Capitulacion , yomwe imatchulidwa ndi ziganizo za kudzipatulira pano mu 1898) mudzapeza zambiri zowonjezera mpingo. Nyumba yopambanayo, Sacristy, ikuwonetsa zinthu zambiri zowonongeka - zida zopangidwa ndi Chigayina, zitseko za Aztec, ndi zowonjezera zachipembedzo.
Pomalizira pake, mudzapeza kafukufuku wakale - nyumba yamakono yodyera yomwe idasandulika crypt. Chikumbutso kwa ozunzidwa ndi ankhondo a ku Imperial a Japan akuyimira pano, malo omwe anthu opitirira 100 osalakwa anaphedwa ndi kuthamangitsa asilikali achi Japan.
Pamwamba pa masitepe, alendo amatha kupita ku laibulale yakale ya amonke, nyumba yopangira zipinda, ndi chipinda chovala, komanso chipinda cholumikizira kumalo okongola a tchalitchi, omwe ali ndi zida zakale.
Alendo ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale amalembedwa P100 (pafupifupi $ 2.50) ndalama zolowera. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imatsegulidwa pakati pa 8am mpaka 6 koloko masana, ndi nthawi yopuma masana pakati pa 12 koloko mpaka 1pm.