Malangizo 5 Otsutsa Oyamba Mbalame ku Africa Safari

Pokonzekera ulendo wa ku Africa, n'zosavuta kuti mutenge mania ya Big Five . Komabe, pali zambiri kumalo otentha a ku Africa kuposa njovu ndi mabenje. Kwa anthu omwe ali okonzeka kutengapo mbali, Africa imakhalanso ndi mitundu yambiri ya mbalame yodabwitsa - pafupifupi 2,500, kuti ikhale yeniyeni. Kuyambira ku tchire kakang'ono ka Cape penduline ku titundu wamba (mbalame yaikulu padziko lapansi), chuma ichi cha moyo wa avian chikutanthauza kuti sizingatheke kuti mbalame za mbalame zivutike ndi safari.

Palibe chomwe chimakhala chosangalatsa kwambiri pakuwona mitundu yatsopano ya mbalame kwa nthawi yoyamba, kapena kupeza malo omwe simukuyembekezera. Kuposa pamenepo, mbalame (kapena birding, monga nthawi zina amadziwika) imakupatsani mwayi wokhala maola ozunguliridwa ndi bata la chitsamba cha ku Africa. Ikukuphunzitsani kuti muzisangalala ndi zinthu zazing'ono, kukhala pansi mwakachetechete ndikusangalala ndi zochitika zachilengedwe. M'nkhaniyi tikuyang'ana njira zisanu zophweka zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuti muzitha kuyendetsa mbalame .

• 01 ya 05

  Phunzirani Mbalame Zanu

  Ngati mwatsopano kuti muwone mbalame (kapena malo atsopano), sitepe yoyamba ndiyo kudziŵika ndi mbalame zam'mlengalenga. Njira yabwino yochitira izi ndi kugula bukhu la mbalame zam'deralo, ndikupatula nthawi yoyang'ana mtsogolo musanayambe ulendo wanu. Yambani mwa kuphunzira momwe mungasiyanitsire mabanja ofunika. Izi zikutanthawuza kukhala wokhoza kuwuza zitsamba ndi zowawa kuchokera kwa kites ndi makoka; kapena zikopa zanu ku abakha anu ndi atsekwe. Kudziwa makhalidwe a banja lirilonse ndilo njira yoyamba yodziwira mbalame zomwe mukuziwona kuthengo.

  Mutadziwa kuti mbalame ndi yani, pali zizindikiro zambiri zomwe zimakuthandizani kufotokozera mtundu weniweniwo. Choyamba mwa izi ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe - ndi mbalame yaikulu, kapena yaing'ono? Mbalame yaying'ono, yokhoma yaitali kapena mbalame yamphamvu yokhala ndi miyendo yochepa? Maonekedwe ndi mtundu wa miyendo ndi ndalama ndizozindikiritsa zofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame ya dzuwa imakhala ndi mlomo wautali, wamtambo; pamene kodyari ndi yosavuta koma yamphamvu. Buku lanu la mbalame liyenera kukupatsaninso zambiri zokhudza malo ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kupanga chidziwitso choyenera.

  Mukamaphunzira mbalame zanu, samalirani kwambiri kusiyana pakati pa mbalame zamwamuna ndi zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala zofanana. Nthawi zambiri mbalame zazing'ono zimawoneka mosiyana kwambiri ndi anthu akuluakulu, ndipo ena (makamaka mbalame zodya nyama, kapena raptors) amabwera mosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yambiri ya mbalame, monga mapiritsi ndi mapiritsi, amawoneka ofanana, ndipo amadziwika mosavuta ndi maitanidwe awo. Kuzindikiritsa mbalame ndi talente yomwe imatenga zaka zambiri kuti ikhale yangwiro - koma musataye mtima. Mudzadabwa ndi momwe mwakhalira mofulumira.

• 02 ya 05

  Dziwani Kumene Mungayang'ane

  Kudziwa komwe ndikuwoneka ndikofunikira kwambiri monga kudziwa zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana. Izi zikutanthawuza kusankha malo opita ku safari omwe amadziwika ndi mbalamezi - Mkhuze Game Reserve ku South Africa ndi Caprivi Strip ku Namibia ndi zosankha zabwino kwambiri. Kumatanthauzanso kuphunzira komwe angayang'ane mitundu ina. Izi zikhoza kukhala zowonjezera: Mwachitsanzo, mbalame za mlembi nthawi zambiri zimawoneka m'madera omwe ali ndi udzu wambiri, pomwe a African goshawks amakonda nkhalango zambiri. Zingakhalenso zowonjezereka - mwachitsanzo, ziphuphu za pygmy zimapezeka nthawi zambiri zogwirizana ndi zisa.

  Yendani kumadzi ndi mitsinje kuti muyang'ane mbalame zam'madzi, ndikuyang'anirani mlengalenga kuti ziwoneke. Ngati muli ndi mndandanda wa mitundu yomwe mukufuna kuwona, onetsetsani kuti mukuchita kafukufuku wanu pasadakhale. Zina mwa mbalame zowopsa kwambiri ku Africa zili ndi zochepa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, chitumbuwa cha Cape, chokhacho, chimangokhala kuzing'ono za nkhalango za afromontane kum'maŵa kwa South Africa. Ngati nthawi yanu yoyamba ikuyendera (kapena ngati simunayesetse mbalawatching musanayambe), njira yabwino kwambiri ndi kukonzekera maulendo otsogolera mbalame.

• 03 a 05

  Sankhani Binoculars Yoyenera

  Mipukutu ndi bwenzi lapamtima la mbalawatcher. Popanda iwo, ndizosatheka kuona mbalame zakutali, kapena kuti muwone bwino maonekedwe omwe amathandiza ndi kuzindikira. Pali zosawerengeka zambiri zomwe zilipo, kuyambira pa mtengo kuchokera pa $ 100 mpaka $ 2,000 kapena kuposa. Mwachiwonekere, ma binoculars a pamwamba-a-the-wide ndi zamakono monga Swarovski ndi Leica amapereka chithunzi chabwino kwambiri chowonera, koma sikofunika kuti mudziwononge nokha. Pomwe zikunenedwa, kupulumutsidwa kwa zaka zabwino pakati pazinthu ndizofunikira ndalama.

  Tsono, mungasankhe bwanji ma binoculars abwino kwa inu? Ma binoculars onse ali ndi chiwerengero cha mayina omwe amawoneka ngati awa: 8x32. Nambala yoyamba imatanthawuza kukulitsa kwawo, ndipo yachiwiri imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa disolo mulimita. Kwa birding, kukula kwa pakati pa 8 ndi 10 ndibwino. Zonsezi zimakhala zowonjezereka, chifukwa zabwino zimakhala ndi kuwala kwambiri, zomwe zimakupangitsani kuti mukhale ndi zosavuta kuti muwone zambiri muzowunika. Yesani mitundu ingapo musanagule. Mufuna kufufuza aliyense kuti afotokoze bwino chifanizirocho, kukhala kosavuta kuganizira komanso kutsogolo.

  Mbalame ikhoza kukhala yolimba pa zipangizo zanu, kotero kusankha cholimba, chosadziwika bwino cha ma binoculars n'kofunikira. Zitsanzo zina (monga kupsa mtima kwa Vortex Viper HD 8x42) zikuphatikizapo chitsimikizo cha moyo.

• 04 ya 05

  Gwiritsani Ntchito Sayansi Yambiri

  Ganizirani za kuyendetsa kamera yabwino, kuti mulembe zojambula zanu ndikugwiritsanso ntchito pozindikira mitundu yodetsa nkhaŵa pakhomo panu. Zofunikira pa kamera ya birding zikuphatikizapo ISO (yomwe imapangitsa kamera yanu kukwanitsa kupeza zithunzi zabwino mumalo otsika) ndi mlingo wamakina osatsekera. Zowonjezera zambiri zomwe mungathe kuwombera pa mphindi iliyonse, mumakhala kuti mukuwombera bwino. Kukula ndi kofunikanso, kaya mumasankha SLR ndi telephoto lens kapena khamera kamera ndi zoom mkati zoom.

  Ngati mukukonzekera kuyenda ndi foni yamakono kapena iPad, onetsetsani kuti muyambe kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya mbalame. Kwa omwe akupita ku South Africa, njira yabwino kwambiri ndiwotchi ya Roberts VII Multimedia. Pulogalamuyi ikukuthandizani kufanizitsa mbalame zofanana komanso kusewera mbalame. Zimathandizanso ndi kudziwika, zimapereka mapu a malo abwino kwambiri a mbalamezi ndipo zimakulolani kuti mupange mndandanda wa maso. Kaya mumasankha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu kapena mapepala amtundu wambiri, kulemba mndandanda wa mbalame zomwe mwaziona ndi njira yabwino yosungira chidwi - ikhale chenjezo ngakhale kuti imakhala yosokoneza.

• 05 ya 05

  Pezani Nthawi Yamanja

  Monga ndi zinthu zambiri m'moyo, nthawi yowona mbalame ndi nthawi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yogwira ntchito nthawi zosiyanasiyana, kotero muyenera kukonzekera ulendo wanu moyenera. Kawirikawiri, m'mawa ndi madzulo ndi abwino, ndipo mbalame zambiri zimakonda kukhala zobisika panthawi yotentha kwambiri. Komabe, ma raptors amawoneka akukwera m'mawa kwambiri kutentha, pamene mbalame zina (monga mitsuko ya usiku ndi mitundu ina ya kadzidzi) zimatuluka pambuyo mdima. Ngati mungathe, limbani galimoto imodzi usiku kuti muthe kupeza bwino kwambiri maiko onse.

  Kusintha nthawi kumatanthauzanso kusankha nyengo yoyenera . Pansi pa equator, chilimwe chimabweretsa chiwerengero cha anthu othawa kwawo kuchokera ku nyengo zozizira za ku Ulaya ndi Asia. Mbalame zam'madzi zimachoka pamene malo awo akuuma, ndi kubwerera ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yamvula. Nthaŵi zambiri, mvula imagwirizananso ndi kuthamanga kwa tizilombo, komwe kumakopa mbalame zoopsa m'mabili awo. Nthawi yoyenera imadalira mitundu imene mukuyang'ana ndi kumene mukupita. Funsani buku lanu la mbalame kapena maulendo oyendayenda, kapena pempherani kufunsa malangizo a gulu lodyera musanayambe kukonzekera ulendo wanu.