Miyambo ya Halowini ku Celtic Ireland
Asanakhale Halowini, Ireland idakondwerera Samhain ... dzina la phwando likugwiritsidwanso ntchito mu miyambo ina, ndipo monga dzina la mwezi wonse wa November ngakhale masiku ano a ku Ireland. Koma panali November 1st omwe kale ankatchedwa Samhain, kutembenuzidwa kwenikweni "mapeto a chilimwe" ndipo adalengeza chinachake monga chofesa-een . Uwu unali mapeto a chaka cha Celtic, kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira, nthawi yoziganizira.
Koma bwanji "Samhain", November 1st, wofanana ndi "Halloween", Oktoba 31? Chinsinsi chake chiri mu kalendala yachikhalidwe cha chi Celt.
Chikhulupiriro Chochokera Mdima Chikubwera Kuwala
Chimodzi mwa ma adiosyncrasies a Celtic chinali chiyambi cha chirichonse choyamba mu mdima, ndiyeno nkugwira ntchito njira yopita ku kuwala. Choncho chaka chinayamba ndi nyengo yozizira, ndipo masiku adayamba madzulo a zomwe tikuwona kuti "tsiku lapitalo". Chimene chimalongosola kwambiri: chifukwa chomwechi usiku kuyambira pa 31 Oktoba mpaka 1 Novemba ndilo gawo lalikulu la Samhain, lotchedwa oiche shamhna kapena "madzulo a Samhain". Ndipotu izi zikuwonetsedwanso mu "Halowini" yamakono, yomwe imatanthawuza kuti "Madzulo Oyera", ndipo imagwiranso ntchito pa November 1.
M'kati mwa chaka, tsikulo linali lofunika kwambiri, monga momwe tanenera kale. Samhain anali imodzi mwa "masiku otsiriza" a kalendala ya Celt, pamodzi ndi Imbolc (February 1st, kuyamba kwa masika - omwe amadziwikanso monga Tsiku la Brigid Woyera ), Bealtaine (May 1st, kuyamba chilimwe) ndi Lughnasa (August 1st, start zokolola).
M'chaka cha Celtic, Samhain adayambitsa nyengo yozizira - ndipo motero kumayambiriro kwa chaka. Choncho Samhain anganenenso kuti ndi chaka cha New Celtic Eve.
Tsoka, tilibe chidziwitso chosadziwika ponena za momwe zikondwererozi zinkachitikira nthawi zisanayambe zachikhristu. Samhain akuwoneka kuti anali mwambo weniweni waku Ireland ndipo poyamba anatchulidwa ndi olemba mbiri Achikristu.
Zokondweretsa zikuwoneka kuti zatenga gawo labwino pa sabata, masiku angapo mbali iliyonse ya tsiku lenileni la Samhain. Ndipo zonse zidapangidwa ngati nsomba, chifukwa nyengo yachisanu ikudza!
Kukonzekera Zima
Kukonzekera kwakukulu makamaka ng'ombe ndi ziweto zina - ziweto zonse zinagwidwa, zimalowetsedwa kapena zimayandikira pafupi ndi nyumba. Ndipo zina zidatchulidwa kuti zifa - zinyama zofooka kwambiri kuti zikhalebe m'nyengo yozizira zinaphedwa. Osati pa zifukwa zilizonse za mwambo, izi zinali zongoganizira zenizeni. Ndipo adadzaza larder m'nyengo yozizira.
Pa nthawi yomweyi mbewu zonse, zipatso ndi zipatso zinayenera kukololedwa ndikusungidwa. Kulibe chikhulupiliro ku Ireland kuti pambuyo pa November 1 chipatso chonse chaloledwa ndipo motere sichitha. Nkhumbayi inanenedwa kuti imatuluka ku Samhain - kavalo wakuda, wakuda, ndi maso ofiira, ndi kukhoza kulankhula. Ndipo ndi chilakolako chofunkha (ngati iwe unali wopusa kuti avomere kukwera), ndipo mumakonda kukodza pa zipatso (motero izi sizinasonkhanitsidwe pambuyo pa Samhain). Kumbali ina, kulankhulana mwaulemu ndi pooka kungakuwonetseni zam'tsogolo ...
Ntchito Zachikhalidwe
Nthano zambiri zimakhudza misonkhano yayikuru ku Samhain - ino inali nthawi yosungiramo ndikusankha zochita zamtsogolo.
Phiri la Tara kapena pa nyanja. Msilikali wodzitetezera pa nthawiyi adapanga misonkhano pakati pa adani olumbirira, kulankhulana ndi zochitika zina zomwe sichidutsa malire amitundu ndi ndale. Ngongole zonse zinayenera kuthetsedwa ndi kukwera mahatchi komanso kuyendetsa galimoto kuti mpikisano wamtendere ukwaniritsidwe.
Koma ntchito za uzimu zinali mbali yofunika pa phwando. Kawirikawiri moto wonse unazimitsidwa pamene oiche shamhna analowa, ndikupangitsa usiku kukhala wovuta kwambiri pa chaka. Motowo unayambiranso, kuwonetsa kuyamba kwa chaka chatsopano.
Zikondwerero zimakhala kuti mankhwala oledzeretsa amawotcha moto kwambiri ku Hill of Tlachtga (pafupi ndi Athboy, County Meath ) ndi kuwotcha nyali zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kumeneko kupita kunyumba iliyonse usiku - zosavuta. Ngakhale kuti msonkho wapadera wotchulidwa ndi mfumu chifukwa cha "utumiki "wu ukuwoneka kuti ndi wovomerezeka malingana ndi zomwe dziko la Irish likuchita pankhaniyi ...
Tonsefe Tifunika Kudzipereka
Zikhulupiriro zina za moto sizinali zovuta komanso zowonongeka kuti zikonzekere - "anthu othawa". Kwenikweni khola lopangidwira kuchokera kuntchito yowoneka mofanana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe aumunthu, kenaka amadzaza ndi (zamoyo) zopereka nsembe. Mofanana ndi nyama, akaidi a nkhondo, kapena anthu oyandikana nawo okha basi. Zomwe zinawotchedwa ndikufa mkati mwa "munthu wicker". Zikondwerero zina zomwe zimakhala zikumira ... Chaka Chatsopano Chachimwemwe cha Celtic!
Koma nsembe zaumunthu izi siziyenera kuwonedwa ngati chizoloŵezi chosadziwika. Ngakhale kuti mosakayikira nsembe zinapangidwira, iwo angangokhala ndi mkaka ndi chimanga chomwe chinatayika padziko lapansi. Ndipo mwina pangakhale zochitika zamtundu wa anthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi miyambo ya kubala. Zinkaonedwa ngati zabwino ngati mayi anatenga pakati pa Samhain!
Non-Human Touch ku Samhain
Sikuti aliyense wolowera ku zikondwerero za Samhain analidi munthu ... kapena wa dziko lathu lapansi. Usiku kuyambira pa 31 Oktoba mpaka 1 Novemba ndi nthawi "pakati pa zaka" kwa Aselote. Ndipo panthawiyi malire a dziko lathu ndi a otherworld adasintha ndi kutseguka.
Osati kokha pooka anali kunja ndipo pafupi ... nyemba zonyansa (banshee) zikanakhoza kuphedwa ndi anthu usiku, fairies anali kuwonetsedwa kwa maso a anthu, nyumba zachifumu za "gentry" (dzina la Irish la fairies) linatsegulidwa kuti bwera ndikupita. Anthu amatha kumamwa ndi magulu amphamvu ndi bedi mabwenzi awo okongola ... malinga ngati simunapangitse zolakwa, kuphwanya malamulo alionse kapena kuphwanya malamulo osokoneza bongo. Vuto linali lakuti mwayi wokhala woipitsitsa unadutsa kwambiri mwayi wolowa usiku wabwino - choncho anthu ambiri anasankha kuti azikhala chete usiku. Mapiri atsekedwa mosatsekedwa.
Chotsatira, Abambo Brendan akhoza kubwera akugogoda, ngakhale kuti anaikidwa m'manda zaka makumi awiri zapitazo ku New York. Samhain nayenso anali nthawi imene akufa amatha kuyenda padziko lapansi, kulankhulana ndi amoyo ... ndi kuitanira ku ngongole zakale.
Kusokonezeka kwa "Druidic"
Zonsezi ndizojambula zithunzi za Samhain. Chomwe chasokonezedwa kwambiri ndi achinenero chachikunja ndi ausoteric omwe akunena za "kutaya nzeru". Kufikira kotero kuti ngakhale mulungu wa imfa wa Celtic wotchedwa Samhain anawonekera - choyengedwa choyera.
Colonel Charles Valency ndi amene amachititsa zinthu zambiri. M'zaka za m'ma 1770 analemba zolemba zambiri za chiyambi cha "mtundu wa Irish" ku Armenia. Zambiri mwa zolembera zake zakhala zikulembedwera kumapeto kwa nyengo. Koma Lady Jane Francesca Wilde anatenga nyali yake m'zaka za zana la 19 ndi "mankhwala a Irish, Mystic Charms ndi Zikhulupiriro" - zomwe zikutchulidwabe ngati ntchito yovomerezeka.
Samhain nthawi yomweyo anasinthidwa mu All Hallows Een ndi Halowini. Samhain kapena Halloween imakondwererabe ku Ireland m'njira zosiyanasiyana - zodzaza ndi chakudya chambiri ndi chakudya chapadera.